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- لطالما شكّل محلي الطعم الصناعي موضعاً للكثير من الجدل والخداعات منذ المصادقة الأولية عليه من قبل إدارة الأغذية والأدوية في العام 1974. حيث يزعم النقاد بأنّ المصالح المتضاربة التي أفسدت موافقة الإدارة على الأسبرتام، تضع علامة استفهام حول نوعية البحث الأولي الذي يدعم أمان هذا المنتج، ومُسلّمةً بأنّ العديد من المخاطر الصحية قد تكون مرتبطة بالأسبرتام. وقد تم فحص هذه الإدعاءات وتمّ رفضها لاحقاً كونها غير صالحة.استنتج مكتب المسؤولية الأمريكي الحكومي في العام 1987 بأنّ عملية المصادقة على المُضافات الغذائية قد نُفّذت بشكل ٍ صحيح بالنسبة للأسبرتام. وقد وُجد أنّ الأسبرتام صالحاً للاستهلاك البشري في أكثر من تسعين دولةً حول العالم، وذلك بوصف مسؤولي الـ (FDA) له بأنه «أحد أكثر الإضافات الغذائية دراسةً واختباراً بشكل كلي قد صادقت الوكالة عليها» ووصفوا أمانه بأنه «واضح للغاية». إنّ وزن الدليل العلمي الحالي يشير إلى أنّ مستويات الاستهلاك الحالية من الأسبرتام هي آمنة بدرجة أمان المحليات غير المغذية. (ar)
- The artificial sweetener aspartame has been the subject of several controversies since its initial approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974. The FDA approval of aspartame was highly contested, beginning with suspicions of its involvement in brain cancer, alleging that the quality of the initial research supporting its safety was inadequate and flawed, and that conflicts of interest marred the 1981 approval of aspartame, previously evaluated by two FDA panels that concluded to keep the approval on hold before further investigation. In 1987, the U.S. Government Accountability Office concluded that the food additive approval process had been followed properly for aspartame. The irregularities fueled a conspiracy theory, which the "Nancy Markle" email hoax circulated, along with claims—counter to the weight of medical evidence—that numerous health conditions (such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus, methanol toxicity, blindness, spasms, shooting pains, seizures, headaches, depression, anxiety, memory loss, birth defects, and death) are caused by the consumption of aspartame in normal doses. Aspartame is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide. Potential health risks have been examined and dismissed by numerous scientific research projects. With the exception of the risk to those with phenylketonuria, aspartame is considered to be a safe food additive by governments worldwide and major health and food safety organizations. FDA officials describe aspartame as "one of the most thoroughly tested and studied food additives the agency has ever approved" and its safety as "clear cut." The weight of existing scientific evidence indicates that aspartame is safe as a non-nutritive sweetener. (en)
- 인공 감미료 아스파탐(Aspartame)은 1974년 미국 식품의약국(FDA)의 최초 승인 이후 여러 논란의 대상이 되어 왔다. FDA 승인은 아스파탐의 안전성을 뒷받침하는 초기 연구의 질이 부적절하고 결함이 있으며, 이해상충으로 인해, 1981년 아스파탐 승인이 문제가 있다는 주장이 나오면서, 뇌암에 대한 관련 의혹으로 매우 논란이 되었다. 추가 조사 전에 승인을 보류하기로 결론을 내린 두 명의 FDA 패널의 결정 이전에 평가되었다. 1987년에 미국 정부 회계 감사국 은 아스파탐에 대한 식품 첨가물 승인 절차가 적절하게 진행되었다고 결론지었다. 이러한 불규칙성은 이메일로 유포된 "낸시 마클(Nancy Markle)" 음모론을 부추겼고, 의학적 증거와 다르게 수많은 건강 상태(예: 다발성 경화증, 전신성 루푸스, 메탄올 독성, 실명, 경련, 총격 통증, 발작, 두통, 우울증, 불안, 기억 상실, 선천적 기형 및 사망)가 정상 용량의 아스파탐 섭취로 인해 발생한다는 내용이었다. 아스파탐은 아스파르트산(Aspartic acid)/페닐알라닌 디펩티드(Phenylalanine dipeptide)의 메틸에스테르(methyl ester)이다. 잠재적인 건강 위험은 수많은 과학적 연구 프로젝트에 의해 조사되었고, 위험성이 확인되지 않았다. 페닐케톤뇨증 환자에 대한 위험을 제외하고 아스파탐은 전 세계 정부와 주요 건강 및 식품 안전 기관에서 안전한 식품 첨가물로 간주된다. FDA 관계자는 아스파탐을 "기관이 승인한 가장 철저하게 테스트되고 연구된 식품 첨가물 중 하나"이며 그 안전성은 "명확한 것"이라고 설명한다. 기존 과학적 증거들은 아스파탐이 비영양 감미료로서 안전하다는 것을 보여준다. (ko)
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- لطالما شكّل محلي الطعم الصناعي موضعاً للكثير من الجدل والخداعات منذ المصادقة الأولية عليه من قبل إدارة الأغذية والأدوية في العام 1974. حيث يزعم النقاد بأنّ المصالح المتضاربة التي أفسدت موافقة الإدارة على الأسبرتام، تضع علامة استفهام حول نوعية البحث الأولي الذي يدعم أمان هذا المنتج، ومُسلّمةً بأنّ العديد من المخاطر الصحية قد تكون مرتبطة بالأسبرتام. وقد تم فحص هذه الإدعاءات وتمّ رفضها لاحقاً كونها غير صالحة.استنتج مكتب المسؤولية الأمريكي الحكومي في العام 1987 بأنّ عملية المصادقة على المُضافات الغذائية قد نُفّذت بشكل ٍ صحيح بالنسبة للأسبرتام. وقد وُجد أنّ الأسبرتام صالحاً للاستهلاك البشري في أكثر من تسعين دولةً حول العالم، وذلك بوصف مسؤولي الـ (FDA) له بأنه «أحد أكثر الإضافات الغذائية دراسةً واختباراً بشكل كلي قد صادقت الوكالة عليها» ووصفوا أمانه بأنه «واضح للغاية». (ar)
- The artificial sweetener aspartame has been the subject of several controversies since its initial approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974. The FDA approval of aspartame was highly contested, beginning with suspicions of its involvement in brain cancer, alleging that the quality of the initial research supporting its safety was inadequate and flawed, and that conflicts of interest marred the 1981 approval of aspartame, previously evaluated by two FDA panels that concluded to keep the approval on hold before further investigation. In 1987, the U.S. Government Accountability Office concluded that the food additive approval process had been followed properly for aspartame. The irregularities fueled a conspiracy theory, which the "Nancy Markle" email hoax circulated, al (en)
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