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About: Zail Singh

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Giani Zail Singh was an Indian politician from Punjab who served as the seventh president of India from 1982 to 1987. He was the first Sikh and the first person from a backward caste to become president. Singh died in 1994 of injuries sustained in a road accident. His samadhi is at the Ekta Sthal in Delhi. Singh’s memoirs were published in 1997. His birth centenary was celebrated in 2016 where a documentary film and a book on his life were released.

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  • زيل سينغ: أو جياني زيل سينغ (5 مايو 1916 - 25 ديسمبر 1994) كان الرئيس السابع من الهند، خدم من 1982 إلى 1987. قبل توليه الرئاسة، كان سياسيا تابعا ، تقلد عدة مناصب وزارية في مجلس الوزراء الهندي، كما شغل منصب وزير للداخلية. تميزت فترة رئاسته من قبل عملية بلو ستار، اغتيال أنديرا غاندي، وعام 1984 أعمال الشغب المناهضة للسيخ. وقد توفي متأثرا بجراح في عام 1994 بعد حادث سيارة. (ar)
  • Giani Zail Singh (* 5. Mai 1916 in , Punjab; † 25. Dezember 1994 in Chandigarh) war ein indischer Politiker und von 1982 bis 1987 Präsident der Republik Indien. Der der Religionsgemeinschaft der Sikhs zugehörige ehemalige Freiheitskämpfer und spätere Politiker und Sozialreformer war von 1972 bis 1977 Chief Minister des Bundesstaates Punjab und wurde 1982 mit Unterstützung der Ministerpräsidentin Indira Gandhi mit großer Mehrheit am 12. Juli 1982 zum siebten indischen Staatspräsidenten gewählt. Hintergrund war, dass bei der Rückkehr Indira Gandhis an die Macht 1980 die Sikhs im Punjab von der Indischen Union abzufallen drohten. Daher favorisierte Gandhi aus politischem Kalkül Giani Zail Singh. (de)
  • Giani Zail Singh (bahasa Punjabi: ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ; 5 Mei 1916 – 25 Desember 1994) adalah seorang politikus dan anggota Partai Kongres India. Dia menjabat sebagai Presiden India ke-7 dari 25 Juli 1982 ke 25 Juli 1987. Masa jabatannya ditandai dengan Operasi Blue Star, pembunuhan Indira Gandhi, dan kerusuhan anti-Sikh tahun 1984. Dia meninggal karena luka pada tahun 1994 setelah kecelakaan mobil. (in)
  • Giani Zail Singh, 5 mai 1916 et mort le 25 décembre 1994 à Chandigarh, est un homme d'État indien. Il est le président de l'Inde du 25 juillet 1982 au 25 juillet 1987 et le premier Sikh à accéder à ce poste. (fr)
  • Giani Zail Singh was an Indian politician from Punjab who served as the seventh president of India from 1982 to 1987. He was the first Sikh and the first person from a backward caste to become president. Born in Sandhwan in the princely state of Faridkot, Singh trained to be a granthi and was given the title of giani, meaning a learned man, while training at the Sikh Missionary School in Amritsar. Singh was associated with peasant agitations and the movement seeking a representative government in Faridkot. His political activism in the Praja Mandal, an organization allied with the Indian National Congress, saw him sentenced to solitary confinement between 1938 and 1943. He led the flag satyagraha and formed a parallel government in Faridkot State which were called off only after the intervention of Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabhbhai Patel. The stints in jail inspired him to change his name to Zail Singh. After independence, Faridkot was merged with the Patiala and East Punjab States Union and Singh served as its minister of revenue and agriculture during 1949–51 and oversaw the introduction of land reforms in Punjab. Singh was a member of the Rajya Sabha during 1956–62 and member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly during 1962–67 during which time he served briefly as a minister under Partap Singh Kairon. He had served as president of PEPSU Pradesh Congress Committee during 1955–56 and became president of Punjab Pradesh Congress Committee in 1966 serving in that post until his election as Chief Minister of Punjab in 1972. As Chief Minister, Singh is credited with having established India’s first semiconductor manufacturing unit in Mohali, legislating the Punjab Land Reforms Act of 1972, ensuring reservation for Mazhabi Sikhs and Valmikis in education and public employment and repatriating the remains of Udham Singh which were then cremated in Punjab with state honours. Singh’s policies aimed to undercut the influence of the Shiromani Akali Dal party by championing Sikh religious causes. Following the defeat of the Congress Party in the elections of 1977, Singh and Sanjay Gandhi extended political and financial support to Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, a radical Sikh preacher. Bhindranwale soon became the flagbearer of Sikh separatism and an insurgency seeking the establishment of Khalistan broke out in Punjab. Elected to the Lok Sabha in 1980, Singh was appointed India’s Home Minister by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. His stint saw insurgencies in Punjab and Assam. In 1982, he was elected President of India, succeeding Neelam Sanjiva Reddy. The initial years of his presidency saw the Operation Blue Star, the assassination of Indira Gandhi, and the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. After Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister, relations with Singh turned frosty with the Prime Minister refusing to meet with or inform the president on matters of policy and placing curbs on his foreign and domestic travels. Singh hit back by questioning government policy and subjecting proposals sent to him to minute scrutiny. In 1986, he employed a pocket veto on the Indian Post Office (Amendment) Bill passed by Parliament. Allegations of corruption in the procurement of howitzers from Bofors, the government’s refusal to furnish the documents sought for by President Singh and his much-publicized reproach to the government led to speculation that Singh intended to dismiss the government of Rajiv Gandhi. Singh however retired at the end of his tenure in 1987 and was succeeded as president by R. Venkataraman. Singh died in 1994 of injuries sustained in a road accident. His samadhi is at the Ekta Sthal in Delhi. Singh’s memoirs were published in 1997. His birth centenary was celebrated in 2016 where a documentary film and a book on his life were released. (en)
  • 지아니 자일 싱(힌디어: ज्ञानी ज़ैल सिंह, 펀자브어: ਗਿਆਨੀ ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 1916년 5월 5일~1994년 12월 25일)은 1982년부터 1987년까지 인도의 일곱 번째이자 첫 번째 시크교 대통령이었다. 그의 대통령직 이전에 그는 인도 국민회의의 정치인이었고, 내무부 장관을 포함하여 연합 내각에서 여러 장관직을 지냈다. 1983년부터 1986년까지 비동맹 운동의 의장을 지냈다. 그의 대통령직은 블루스타 작전, 인디라 간디의 암살, 시크 학살로 특징지어졌다. 1994년 교통사고로 사망했다. (ko)
  • Giani Zail Singh (5 maggio 1916 – Chandigarh, 25 dicembre 1994) è stato un politico indiano. (it)
  • Giani Zail Singh (ur. 5 maja 1916 w , stan Pendżab, zm. 25 grudnia 1994 w Chandigarh) – polityk indyjski, prezydent Indii w latach 1982-1987. Pochodził z rodziny sikhijskiej. Działał w Indyjskim Kongresie Narodowym na rzecz niepodległości kraju; w 1938 został aresztowany i skazany na 5 lat więzienia. Po powstaniu niepodległych Indii kierował oddziałem Indyjskiego Kongresu Narodowego w stanie Pendżab, a w latach 1955-1956 i 1966-1972 był przewodniczącym partii. W 1948 po raz pierwszy znalazł się w składzie rządu stanowego Pendżabu jako minister rezerw państwowych i rolnictwa (do 1952); w latach 1972-1977 był premierem stanu Pendżab. W 1980 powołany na ministra spraw wewnętrznych w rządzie centralnym. 25 lipca 1982 został zaprzysiężony na prezydenta Indii; był pierwszym prezydentem pochodzenia sikhijskiego. Zastąpił . Po 5-letniej kadencji w lipcu 1987 jego następcą został Ramaswamy Venkataraman. (pl)
  • Giani Zail Singh, född 5 maj 1916 i byn Sandhwan i distriktet Faridkot, Punjab, död 25 december 1994 (i en trafikolycka) nära Kiratpur Sahib i distriktet Rupnagar i Punjab, var en indisk politiker (Kongresspartiet). Han var sikh. Han tjänstgjorde som Indiens president 1982-1987. (sv)
  • Гиани Заил Сингх (в.-пандж. ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, урожд. Джарнаил Сингх, в.-пандж. ਜਰਨੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 5 мая 1916 года, дер. Сандхван, округ Фаридкот, штат Пенджаб, Британская Индия, — 25 декабря 1994, Чандигарх), — индийский государственный и политический деятель. (ru)
  • Gyani Zail Singh (em panjabi: ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, ? ; 5 de Maio de 1916 – 25 de Dezembro de 1994) foi o sétimo Presidente da Índia, entre 1982 e 1987. Antes da sua presidência, foi um político do Partido do Congresso Nacional Indiano, e passou por várias posições ministeriais no , incluindo o de . A sua presidência foi marcada pela , pelo assassinato de Indira Gandhi e pela revolta contra os Sikh em 1984. Singh morreu dos ferimentos que sofreu em 1994 num acidente de viação. (pt)
  • 吉亚尼·宰尔·辛格（旁遮普語：ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ；Giani Zail Singh，1916年5月5日－1994年12月25日）印度政治人物，曾擔任印度第七任总统（1982-1987）和不結盟運動秘書長。他是印度第一位錫克教徒總統。任內發生著名的藍星行動鎮壓事件、總理英迪拉·甘地遇刺案以及等事件。1994年因為車禍離世，遺體於Ekta Sthal火化。 (zh)
  • Гіані Заїл Сінґх (пенджаб. ਗਿਆਨੀ ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 5 травня 1916 — 25 грудня 1994) — індійський державний і політичний діяч, президент країни у 1982—1987 роках. (uk)
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  • Jarnail Singh (en)
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  • Chandigarh, India (en)
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  • زيل سينغ: أو جياني زيل سينغ (5 مايو 1916 - 25 ديسمبر 1994) كان الرئيس السابع من الهند، خدم من 1982 إلى 1987. قبل توليه الرئاسة، كان سياسيا تابعا ، تقلد عدة مناصب وزارية في مجلس الوزراء الهندي، كما شغل منصب وزير للداخلية. تميزت فترة رئاسته من قبل عملية بلو ستار، اغتيال أنديرا غاندي، وعام 1984 أعمال الشغب المناهضة للسيخ. وقد توفي متأثرا بجراح في عام 1994 بعد حادث سيارة. (ar)
  • Giani Zail Singh (bahasa Punjabi: ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ; 5 Mei 1916 – 25 Desember 1994) adalah seorang politikus dan anggota Partai Kongres India. Dia menjabat sebagai Presiden India ke-7 dari 25 Juli 1982 ke 25 Juli 1987. Masa jabatannya ditandai dengan Operasi Blue Star, pembunuhan Indira Gandhi, dan kerusuhan anti-Sikh tahun 1984. Dia meninggal karena luka pada tahun 1994 setelah kecelakaan mobil. (in)
  • Giani Zail Singh, 5 mai 1916 et mort le 25 décembre 1994 à Chandigarh, est un homme d'État indien. Il est le président de l'Inde du 25 juillet 1982 au 25 juillet 1987 et le premier Sikh à accéder à ce poste. (fr)
  • 지아니 자일 싱(힌디어: ज्ञानी ज़ैल सिंह, 펀자브어: ਗਿਆਨੀ ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 1916년 5월 5일~1994년 12월 25일)은 1982년부터 1987년까지 인도의 일곱 번째이자 첫 번째 시크교 대통령이었다. 그의 대통령직 이전에 그는 인도 국민회의의 정치인이었고, 내무부 장관을 포함하여 연합 내각에서 여러 장관직을 지냈다. 1983년부터 1986년까지 비동맹 운동의 의장을 지냈다. 그의 대통령직은 블루스타 작전, 인디라 간디의 암살, 시크 학살로 특징지어졌다. 1994년 교통사고로 사망했다. (ko)
  • Giani Zail Singh (5 maggio 1916 – Chandigarh, 25 dicembre 1994) è stato un politico indiano. (it)
  • Giani Zail Singh, född 5 maj 1916 i byn Sandhwan i distriktet Faridkot, Punjab, död 25 december 1994 (i en trafikolycka) nära Kiratpur Sahib i distriktet Rupnagar i Punjab, var en indisk politiker (Kongresspartiet). Han var sikh. Han tjänstgjorde som Indiens president 1982-1987. (sv)
  • Гиани Заил Сингх (в.-пандж. ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, урожд. Джарнаил Сингх, в.-пандж. ਜਰਨੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 5 мая 1916 года, дер. Сандхван, округ Фаридкот, штат Пенджаб, Британская Индия, — 25 декабря 1994, Чандигарх), — индийский государственный и политический деятель. (ru)
  • Gyani Zail Singh (em panjabi: ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, ? ; 5 de Maio de 1916 – 25 de Dezembro de 1994) foi o sétimo Presidente da Índia, entre 1982 e 1987. Antes da sua presidência, foi um político do Partido do Congresso Nacional Indiano, e passou por várias posições ministeriais no , incluindo o de . A sua presidência foi marcada pela , pelo assassinato de Indira Gandhi e pela revolta contra os Sikh em 1984. Singh morreu dos ferimentos que sofreu em 1994 num acidente de viação. (pt)
  • 吉亚尼·宰尔·辛格（旁遮普語：ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ；Giani Zail Singh，1916年5月5日－1994年12月25日）印度政治人物，曾擔任印度第七任总统（1982-1987）和不結盟運動秘書長。他是印度第一位錫克教徒總統。任內發生著名的藍星行動鎮壓事件、總理英迪拉·甘地遇刺案以及等事件。1994年因為車禍離世，遺體於Ekta Sthal火化。 (zh)
  • Гіані Заїл Сінґх (пенджаб. ਗਿਆਨੀ ਜ਼ੈਲ ਸਿੰਘ, 5 травня 1916 — 25 грудня 1994) — індійський державний і політичний діяч, президент країни у 1982—1987 роках. (uk)
  • Giani Zail Singh (* 5. Mai 1916 in , Punjab; † 25. Dezember 1994 in Chandigarh) war ein indischer Politiker und von 1982 bis 1987 Präsident der Republik Indien. Der der Religionsgemeinschaft der Sikhs zugehörige ehemalige Freiheitskämpfer und spätere Politiker und Sozialreformer war von 1972 bis 1977 Chief Minister des Bundesstaates Punjab und wurde 1982 mit Unterstützung der Ministerpräsidentin Indira Gandhi mit großer Mehrheit am 12. Juli 1982 zum siebten indischen Staatspräsidenten gewählt. (de)
  • Giani Zail Singh was an Indian politician from Punjab who served as the seventh president of India from 1982 to 1987. He was the first Sikh and the first person from a backward caste to become president. Singh died in 1994 of injuries sustained in a road accident. His samadhi is at the Ekta Sthal in Delhi. Singh’s memoirs were published in 1997. His birth centenary was celebrated in 2016 where a documentary film and a book on his life were released. (en)
  • Giani Zail Singh (ur. 5 maja 1916 w , stan Pendżab, zm. 25 grudnia 1994 w Chandigarh) – polityk indyjski, prezydent Indii w latach 1982-1987. Pochodził z rodziny sikhijskiej. Działał w Indyjskim Kongresie Narodowym na rzecz niepodległości kraju; w 1938 został aresztowany i skazany na 5 lat więzienia. Po powstaniu niepodległych Indii kierował oddziałem Indyjskiego Kongresu Narodowego w stanie Pendżab, a w latach 1955-1956 i 1966-1972 był przewodniczącym partii. W 1948 po raz pierwszy znalazł się w składzie rządu stanowego Pendżabu jako minister rezerw państwowych i rolnictwa (do 1952); w latach 1972-1977 był premierem stanu Pendżab. W 1980 powołany na ministra spraw wewnętrznych w rządzie centralnym. (pl)
rdfs:label
  • Zail Singh (en)
  • زيل سينغ (ar)
  • Giani Zail Singh (de)
  • Zail Singh (in)
  • Giani Zail Singh (fr)
  • Giani Zail Singh (it)
  • 자일 싱 (ko)
  • Giani Zail Singh (pl)
  • Giani Zail Singh (pt)
  • Сингх, Заил (ru)
  • Zail Singh (sv)
  • Заїл Сінґх (uk)
  • 吉亚尼·宰尔·辛格 (zh)
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