Juana Manuel

Juana Manuel
Juana and one of her daughters, painted by Jaume Serra in the mid-fourteenth century
Queen consort of Castile and León
Tenure	1369–1379
Born	1339
Died	27 March 1381 (aged 41–42) Salamanca
Burial	Cathedral of Toledo
Spouse	Henry II of Castile
Issue	John I of Castile Eleanor, Queen of Navarre Infanta Joanna
House	Castilian House of Ivrea
Father	Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena
Mother	Blanca Núñez de Lara

Juana Manuel (1339 – 27 March 1381) was Queen of Castile from 1369 until 1379 by marriage to king Henry II of Castile. She was also the heiress of Escalona, Villena, Peñafiel and Lara, as well as Lady of Biscay.

Family

Juana was the daughter of Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena (1282–1348) and his third wife Blanca Núñez de Lara de La Cerda. Her mother Blanca (d. 1347) was a descendant of the lords of Biscay and of Lara and of Alfonso X's eldest son, Fernando de la Cerda. She was the last undisputably legitimate member of the House of Ivrea.

Marriage

Juana's father had been an enemy of King Alfonso XI of Castile, while the king tried to neutralize the Peñafiel family. On 27 July 1350 Juana's brother and guardian, Fernando Manuel of Peñafiel, married her to Henry, an illegitimate son of Alfonso XI.

Inheritance and queenship

In 1361, on the death of her niece Blanca, daughter of her brother Fernando Manuel who himself had died in c. 1350 without other children, she inherited the Duchy of Villena, Escalona and Peñafiel.

Because Juana was a maternal granddaughter of La Palomilla (Juana Núñez de Lara), she also inherited Lara and Biscay.

In 1369, her husband became King Henry II of Castile, after he deposed and murdered his half-brother to take the throne, and she became queen of Castile and León.

When in 1381 she died and left her inheritance to her son, it was finally united with Castile, and ultimately Spain.

Issue

Juana and Henry had:

• King John I of Castile (1358–1390)
• Eleanor (died 1416)
• Joanna

Family tree

Family tree of Juana Manuel
8. Ferdinand III of Castile 4. Manuel of Castile 9. Elisabeth of Swabia 2. Juan Manuel 10. Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy 5. Beatrice of Savoy 11. Cecile of Baux 1. Juana Manuel 12. Fernando de la Cerda 6. Fernando de la Cerda 13. Blanche of France 3. Blanca de la Cerda y Lara 14. Juan Núñez I de Lara 7. Juana Núñez de Lara 15. Teresa Díaz de Haro

Sources

• Doubleday, Simon R. (2001). The Lara Family: Crown and Nobility in Medieval Spain. Harvard University Press.
• Previte-Orton, C.W. (1912). The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 2. Cambridge at the University Press.