Brain–computer interface controlled gaming: Evaluation of usability by severely motor restricted end-users
EM Holz, J Höhne, P Staiger-Sälzer… - Artificial intelligence in …, 2013 - Elsevier
Abstract Objective Connect-Four, a new sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) based brain–computer
interface (BCI) gaming application, was evaluated by four severely motor restricted end-
users; two were in the locked-in state and had unreliable eye-movement. Methods Following
the user-centred approach, usability of the BCI prototype was evaluated in terms of
effectiveness (accuracy), efficiency (information transfer rate (ITR) and subjective workload)
and users' satisfaction. Results Online performance varied strongly across users and …
interface (BCI) gaming application, was evaluated by four severely motor restricted end-
users; two were in the locked-in state and had unreliable eye-movement. Methods Following
the user-centred approach, usability of the BCI prototype was evaluated in terms of
effectiveness (accuracy), efficiency (information transfer rate (ITR) and subjective workload)
and users' satisfaction. Results Online performance varied strongly across users and …
