I.to command, order, enjoin (cf.: jubeo, praecipio, mando).
I. In gen., constr. with acc., an inf. or an object-clause, a relative-clause, with ut, ne, or the simple subj., with the simple dat. or absol.
(α).
With acc. (and dat. personæ): “faciendum id nobis quod parentes imperant,” Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 53: “fac quod imperat,” id. Poen. 5, 3, 29; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 2: “quae imperarentur, facere dixerunt,” Caes. B. G. 2, 32, 3: “numquid aliud imperas?” Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 7; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 26: “sto exspectans, si quid mihi imperent,” id. Eun. 3, 5, 46: “nonnumquam etiam puerum vocaret: credo, cui cenam imperaret,” i. e. ordered to get him his supper, Cic. Rosc. Am. 21, 59: “imperat ei nuptias,” Quint. 7, 1, 14: “vigilias,” id. 11, 3, 26: “certum modum,” id. 11, 2, 27: “moram et sollicitudinem initiis impero,” id. 10, 3, 9: graves dominae cogitationum libidines infinita quaedam cogunt atque imperant, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 424, 30 (Rep. 6, 1 Mos.): “utque Imperet hoc natura potens,” Hor. S. 2, 1, 51.—In pass.: “arma imperata a populo Romano,” Liv. 40, 34, 9: “quod ipsum imperari optimum est,” Quint. 2, 5, 6: “imperata pensa,” id. 3, 7, 6: “exemplar imperatae schemae,” Suet. Tib. 43.—
(β).
With inf. or an object-clause (esp. freq. in the post-Aug. per.; in Cic. and Cæs. only with inf. pass. or dep.): “animo nunc jam otioso esse impero,” Ter. And. 5, 2, 1: “imperavi egomet mihi omnia assentari,” id. Eun. 2, 2, 21: “jungere equos Titan velocibus imperat Horis,” Ov. M. 2, 118; 3, 4: “nec minus in certo dentes cadere imperat aetas Tempore,” Lucr. 5, 672: “has omnes actuarias imperat fieri,” Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 3: “pericula vilia habere,” Sall. C. 16, 2: “frumentum conportare,” id. J. 48, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 27; Curt. 10, 1, 19; Tac. A. 2, 25: “Liviam ad se deduci imperavit,” Suet. Calig. 25; id. Aug. 27; id. Tib. 60.—In pass.: in has lautumias, si qui publice custodiendi sunt, ex ceteris oppidis deduci imperantur, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 69.—*With inf. act.: “haec ego procurare et idoneus imperor,” Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 21. —
(γ).
With a rel.-clause (very rare): “imperabat coram, quid opus facto esset puerperae,” Ter. And. 3, 2, 10: “quin tu, quod faciam, impera,” id. Phorm. 1, 4, 46; Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 3 and 6; id. Capt. 2, 3, 10.—
(δ).
With ut, ne, or the simple subj.: “ecce Apollo mihi ex oraculo imperat, Ut, etc.,” Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 87: “his, uti conquirerent et reducerent, imperavit,” Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 1: “consulibus designatis imperavit senatus, ut, etc.,” Liv. 42, 28, 7: quibus negotium a senatu est imperatum, ut, etc., S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 104; Petr. 1: “mihi, ne abscedam, imperat,” Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 30: “Caesar suis imperavit, ne, etc.,” Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 2; 2, 32, 2; 3, 89, 4: “letoque det imperat Argum,” Ov. M. 1, 670; 13, 659. — (ε) With simple dat.: “si huic imperabo, probe tectum habebo,” Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 14 (cf. above α): “aliquid alicui,” Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 46; Cic. Rosc. Am. 21, 59. — (ζ) Absol.: Pa. Jubesne? Ch. Jubeo, cogo atque impero, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 97: “si quid opus est, impera,” Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 1: “impera, si quid vis,” id. Aul. 2, 1, 23: “omnia faciam: impera,” Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 11: “quidvis oneris impone, impera,” id. And. 5, 3, 26.
II. In partic.
A. In publicists' lang., to order to be furnished or supplied, to give orders for, make a requisition for: “cum frumentum sibi in cellam imperavisset (Verrem),” Cic. Div. in Caecil. 10, 30: “quem (numerum frumenti) ei civitati imperas emendum,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 173: “negas fratrem meum pecuniam ullam in remiges imperasse,” id. Fl. 14, 33: “pecuniam,” id. ib. § 32; cf.: “argenti pondo ducenta milia Jugurthae,” Sall. J. 62, 5: “arma,” Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.: “equites civitatibus,” id. B. G. 6, 4 fin.; cf.: “quam maximum militum numerum provinciae toti,” id. ib. 1, 7, 2: “obsides reliquis civitatibus,” id. ib. 7, 64, 1; so, obsides Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35; Suet. Caes. 25. —
B. In publicists' and milit. lang., alicui or absol., to command, govern, rule over: “his (magistratibus) praescribendus est imperandi modus ... qui modeste paret, videtur, qui aliquando imperet, dignus esse,” Cic. Leg. 3, 2, 5; cf.: “sic noster populus in pace et domi imperat,” id. Rep. 1, 40: “nulla est tam stulta civitas, quae non injuste imperare malit, quam servire juste,” id. ib. 3, 18; cf. “also: cum is, qui imperat aliis, servit ipse nulli cupiditati,” id. ib. 1, 34: “omnibus gentibus ac nationibus terra marique imperare,” id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 56; cf.: “jus esse belli, ut, qui vicissent, iis, quos vicissent, quemadmodum vellent imperarent,” Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1: “Jugurtha omni Numidiae imperare parat,” Sall. J. 13, 2: “quot nationibus imperabat,” Quint. 11, 2, 50: “clarus Anchisae Venerisque sanguis Imperet,” Hor. Carm. Sec. 51; cf. id. C. 3, 6, 5: “recusabat imperare,” i. e. to be emperor, Plin. Pan. 5, 5; cf.: “ipsum quandoque imperaturum,” Suet. Claud. 3; id. Galb. 4; id. Oth. 4; id. Vit. 14; id. Tit. 2 et saep.— Hence,
b. Ad imperandum, to receive orders or instructions: “nunc ades ad imperandum, vel ad parendum potius: sic enim antiqui loquebantur,” Cic. Fam. 9, 25, 2; cf.: “cum ipse ad imperandum Tisidium vocaretur,” Sall. J. 62, 8 Kritz.—
2. Transf., beyond the publicist's sphere, to command, master, govern, rule, control: “liberis,” Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 51: “imperare sibi, maximum imperium est,” Sen. Ep. 113 fin.: “ut nobismet ipsis imperemus,” Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47: “cum homines cupiditatibus iis, quibus ceteri serviunt, imperabunt,” id. Lael. 22, 82: “accensae irae,” Ov. M. 9, 28: “dolori,” Plin. Ep. 8, 19, 2: “lacrimis,” Sil. 2, 652: “amori suo,” Petr. 83: “ingenio suo,” Sen. Contr. 1 praef. med.; cf.: “imperare animo nequivi, quin, priusquam perirem, cur periturus essem, scirem,” Liv. 34, 31, 2: quibus egestas imperat, rules, governs, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. v. 357 Vahl.): imperat arvis, holds control over, i. e. forces to be productive, Verg. G. 1, 99; cf.: “sola terrae seges imperatur,” Tac. G. 26: “fertilibus agris non est imperandum,” Sen. Tranq. 15: “sic imperant vitibus et eas multis palmitibus onerant,” Col. 3, 3, 6: “alius patrimonio suo plus imperavit quam ferre possit,” Sen. Tranq. 4; cf. “also trop.: tamquam nescias, cui imperem: Epicurum,” id. Ep. 29 fin.: “dum per continuos dies nimis imperat voci, rursus sanguinem reddidit,” Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6: imperat ergo viro (mulier), Juv. 6, 224.— Absol.: “animum rege, qui, nisi paret, Imperat,” Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63: “permittat, an vetet an imperet (lex),” Quint. 7, 7, 7: “(eloquentia) hic regnat, hic imperat, hic sola vincit,” id. 7, 4, 24.—
C. In publicists' lang., to order the citizens to assemble, to summon: “dein consul eloquitur ad exercitum: Impero qua convenit ad comitia centuriata,” Varr. L. L. 6, § 88 Müll.; Gell. 15, 27, 4; “so comically,” Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 52; cf. id. Cist. 1, 1, 60.—
D. In medic. lang., to order, prescribe: non idem imperassem omnibus per diversa aegrotantibus, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16; Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 5: “si vires patiuntur, imperanda tridui abstinentia est,” Cels. 7, 20.—
E. In gram.: “imperandi declinatus,” i. e. inflections of the imperative, Varr. L. L. 10, § 32 Müll.— Hence, impĕ-rātum , i, n., that which is commanded, a command, order: “jussus arma abicere, imperatum facit,” executes the order, obeys, Caes. B. G. 5, 37, 1; freq. in plur.: “imperata facere,” id. ib. 2, 3, 3; 5, 20 fin.; 6, 10, 3; id. B. C. 1, 60, 1; 2, 12, 4; 3, 34, 2 al.; cf.: “imperata detrectare,” Suet. Caes. 54: “Senones ad imperatum non venire,” according to orders, as ordered, Caes. B. G. 6, 2, 3.
