SLU Journal of Science and Technology, Jun 27, 2021
This research is aimed at determining the degradation extent of Poly (acrylonitrile butadiene sty... more This research is aimed at determining the degradation extent of Poly (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) / epoxy coated kenaf fibre composite in certain solvents (water, acid and alkaline) at different exposure conditions. Epoxy coated kenaf fibre was compounded with ABS using a twin screw extruder from which test samples were later moulded. Test samples were later immersed in distilled water at ambient temperature for 24 hrs and 61 days differently, hygrothermal ageing was carried out for 61 days at 70 and 90 o C while resistance to acid and alkaline solutions was investigated for 7 days at room temperature. Results of water absorption followed Frick's law and all composites changed dimensionally, increase in water uptake with increasing number of days at different temperatures during ageing while all composites gained weights and thickness depending on the quantity of percentage fibre loading in their resistance to both acid and alkaline. Impact strength decreases with increase in fibre loading for both acid and alkaline. Hydrolysis of these composites has the indication of performance abilities in their respective medium.
Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies of disperse dyes derived from 4-Amino-3-Nitrobenzal... more Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies of disperse dyes derived from 4-Amino-3-Nitrobenzaldehyde on polyester fabrics was carried out at various temperatures, pH, liquor ratios, time and carrier concentrations. The results showed the equilibrium adsorption isotherms of disperse dyes on polyester fabrics. The values of the thermodynamic parameters recorded and the adsorption isotherms deduced from the experiment suggests that the adsorption kinetics of the disperse dyes on polyester fabric is in agreement with a pseudo second-order kinetic model [11]. Van der Wa’als forces are thought to have played significant role in dye – fibre attraction and the adsorption of disperse dyes on polyester was an exothermic process. It was found that on application, the dyes had very good fastness to both wash and light and moderate fastness to perspiration.
This work aimed to utilize waste leather buff (WLB) as a packing filler in cellulose to produce d... more This work aimed to utilize waste leather buff (WLB) as a packing filler in cellulose to produce degradable composite. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids was used to dissolve the cellulose and WLB in a coagulation bath and the resultant homogenous solution formed was casted in a clean glass plate to form cellulose/WLB composite film, washed in deionized water and dried in a desiccator. The composite film was characterised by FT-IR, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis. The modulus of elasticity and tensile strength properties of the composite film were lower than those obtained from cellulose matrix alone. There is also high thermal stability of composite film due to the cross-linkage between the collagen protein in the leather fibres of the WLB. The fractography of the composite film indicated that a good interfacial bond exists between the films, hence the composite film has been used as a wrapper/packaging application for environmental sustainability and material recyclability. Keyword...
Chitin has been extracted from six different local sources in Egypt. The obtained chitin was conv... more Chitin has been extracted from six different local sources in Egypt. The obtained chitin was converted into the more useful soluble chitosan by steeping into solutions of NaOH of various concentrations and for extended periods of time, then the alkali chitin was heated in an autoclave which dramatically reduced the time of deacetylation. Chitin from squid pens did not require steeping in sodium hydroxide solution and showed much higher reactivity towards deacetylation in the autoclave that even after 15 min of heating a degree of deacetylation of 90% was achieved. The obtained chitin and chitosan were characterized by spectral analysis, X-ray diffraction and thermo gravimetric analysis.
Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants
The secondary effect discovery of synthetic sorbents opened another research direction for many f... more The secondary effect discovery of synthetic sorbents opened another research direction for many field of studies. However, the sorption parameters of lignocellulosic sorbents are rarely reported most importantly, kenaf shive. This paper centered at the sorption behavior of optimized kenaf shive sorbents using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via surface deposit technique. Five-level Central Composite Design (CCD) experimental matrix was used to analyze the effect of particle sizes 125‒1000μm, stirring time (5–30 min) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) concentration (5–20% v/v) as individual and combined variables process in the developed sorbents. The unmodified shive was compared with the modified, and it reveals a positive shift in the sorption capability. Instrumental analysis such as FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), DT-TGA (Differential Thermal-Thermogravimetric analysis) and BET (Brunaure-Emmett–Teller) were carried out on the optimized sorbent and ...
This paper presents the analysis of processing parameters in the fabrication of coir fiber recycl... more This paper presents the analysis of processing parameters in the fabrication of coir fiber recycled high density polyethylene composite through experimental data and Taguchi grey relational analysis. Three processing parameters; fiber conditions, fiber length, and fiber loading with mixed level design, having orthogonal array L32 (2**1 4**2) were employed in the preparation of polymer composite. Numerical analysis assisted by Taguchi design was conducted on the experimental multi-physicomechanical characteristics of the polymer composite for optimum processing parameters. The optimum grey relational grade was gotten to be 0.8286 and was experimentally validated with 95% confidence interval. The optimum processing parameters were discovered to be a treated fiber having 8 mm length at 30% loading. Although, other processing parameters are significant, but fiber loading is the most significant parameter. Correspondingly, the contribution of residual error on the overall multi-physicome...
s: Esterified waxes were compounded with toluene, oleic acid, morpholine and distilled water to p... more s: Esterified waxes were compounded with toluene, oleic acid, morpholine and distilled water to produce the emulsions. The emulsions produced were applied on wood and leather, which adhered and dried. The coated substrates showed decrease in water absorption coefficients compared to the uncoated surfaces. Coated leather showed better marking-off properties than the wood coated substrates. The emulsions applied on wood finishing show good absorption properties which can be used as undercoat emulsion for wood.
The comparative study of the Physico – mechanical properties of selected printed fabrics were mad... more The comparative study of the Physico – mechanical properties of selected printed fabrics were made. The results obtained showed that the locally produced fabrics exhibited comparably better end – use performance characteristics in terms of fabric weight per square meter, fabric flammability, and linear density. While the foreign fabrics are better in terms of Crease recovery, fabric handle, fabric sett, fabric shrinkage, and aesthetics. However, both the foreign and homemade fabrics exhibited similar characteristics in terms of abrasion resistance, tensile strength, air permeability, yarn crimp, fabric thickness, and colour fastness.It may therefore be concluded that considering envirnmental factors the locally produced fabrics are technically standared in terms of every day use and comfort.There is no basis in the choice preference of foreign fabrics in Nigeria atleast from technical point of view.
Azo dyes containing free amino group were derived from H-acid and the free amino group was acetyl... more Azo dyes containing free amino group were derived from H-acid and the free amino group was acetylated to obtain another group of dyes. The two groups of dyes were applied to wool and nylon 6.6 fabrics and their colour fastness properties assessed. It was found that acetylated dyes gave hypsochromic effects on colour, and dyeing fastness such as washing and perspiration improved on acetylated dyes when compared with unacetylated dyes on both fabrics. For the light fastness, however, there was no noticeable improvement on nylon 6.6 fabric but general improvement was made on acetylated dyes when applied to wool fabric. For the thermodynamic parameters such as the equilibrium constant (partition coefficient K) and the standard affinities Δμ the acetylated dyes have lower values when compared with the unacetylated dyes on fabrics. [Report and Opinion, 2009;1(6):12-17]. (ISSN 1545-4570).
Being a thesis submitted to the postgraduate School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for... more Being a thesis submitted to the postgraduate School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) in Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Department of Textile Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. May, 2000
SLU Journal of Science and Technology, Jun 27, 2021
This research is aimed at determining the degradation extent of Poly (acrylonitrile butadiene sty... more This research is aimed at determining the degradation extent of Poly (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) / epoxy coated kenaf fibre composite in certain solvents (water, acid and alkaline) at different exposure conditions. Epoxy coated kenaf fibre was compounded with ABS using a twin screw extruder from which test samples were later moulded. Test samples were later immersed in distilled water at ambient temperature for 24 hrs and 61 days differently, hygrothermal ageing was carried out for 61 days at 70 and 90 o C while resistance to acid and alkaline solutions was investigated for 7 days at room temperature. Results of water absorption followed Frick's law and all composites changed dimensionally, increase in water uptake with increasing number of days at different temperatures during ageing while all composites gained weights and thickness depending on the quantity of percentage fibre loading in their resistance to both acid and alkaline. Impact strength decreases with increase in fibre loading for both acid and alkaline. Hydrolysis of these composites has the indication of performance abilities in their respective medium.
Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies of disperse dyes derived from 4-Amino-3-Nitrobenzal... more Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies of disperse dyes derived from 4-Amino-3-Nitrobenzaldehyde on polyester fabrics was carried out at various temperatures, pH, liquor ratios, time and carrier concentrations. The results showed the equilibrium adsorption isotherms of disperse dyes on polyester fabrics. The values of the thermodynamic parameters recorded and the adsorption isotherms deduced from the experiment suggests that the adsorption kinetics of the disperse dyes on polyester fabric is in agreement with a pseudo second-order kinetic model [11]. Van der Wa’als forces are thought to have played significant role in dye – fibre attraction and the adsorption of disperse dyes on polyester was an exothermic process. It was found that on application, the dyes had very good fastness to both wash and light and moderate fastness to perspiration.
This work aimed to utilize waste leather buff (WLB) as a packing filler in cellulose to produce d... more This work aimed to utilize waste leather buff (WLB) as a packing filler in cellulose to produce degradable composite. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids was used to dissolve the cellulose and WLB in a coagulation bath and the resultant homogenous solution formed was casted in a clean glass plate to form cellulose/WLB composite film, washed in deionized water and dried in a desiccator. The composite film was characterised by FT-IR, SEM and thermogravimetric analysis. The modulus of elasticity and tensile strength properties of the composite film were lower than those obtained from cellulose matrix alone. There is also high thermal stability of composite film due to the cross-linkage between the collagen protein in the leather fibres of the WLB. The fractography of the composite film indicated that a good interfacial bond exists between the films, hence the composite film has been used as a wrapper/packaging application for environmental sustainability and material recyclability. Keyword...
Chitin has been extracted from six different local sources in Egypt. The obtained chitin was conv... more Chitin has been extracted from six different local sources in Egypt. The obtained chitin was converted into the more useful soluble chitosan by steeping into solutions of NaOH of various concentrations and for extended periods of time, then the alkali chitin was heated in an autoclave which dramatically reduced the time of deacetylation. Chitin from squid pens did not require steeping in sodium hydroxide solution and showed much higher reactivity towards deacetylation in the autoclave that even after 15 min of heating a degree of deacetylation of 90% was achieved. The obtained chitin and chitosan were characterized by spectral analysis, X-ray diffraction and thermo gravimetric analysis.
Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants
The secondary effect discovery of synthetic sorbents opened another research direction for many f... more The secondary effect discovery of synthetic sorbents opened another research direction for many field of studies. However, the sorption parameters of lignocellulosic sorbents are rarely reported most importantly, kenaf shive. This paper centered at the sorption behavior of optimized kenaf shive sorbents using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via surface deposit technique. Five-level Central Composite Design (CCD) experimental matrix was used to analyze the effect of particle sizes 125‒1000μm, stirring time (5–30 min) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) concentration (5–20% v/v) as individual and combined variables process in the developed sorbents. The unmodified shive was compared with the modified, and it reveals a positive shift in the sorption capability. Instrumental analysis such as FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), DT-TGA (Differential Thermal-Thermogravimetric analysis) and BET (Brunaure-Emmett–Teller) were carried out on the optimized sorbent and ...
This paper presents the analysis of processing parameters in the fabrication of coir fiber recycl... more This paper presents the analysis of processing parameters in the fabrication of coir fiber recycled high density polyethylene composite through experimental data and Taguchi grey relational analysis. Three processing parameters; fiber conditions, fiber length, and fiber loading with mixed level design, having orthogonal array L32 (2**1 4**2) were employed in the preparation of polymer composite. Numerical analysis assisted by Taguchi design was conducted on the experimental multi-physicomechanical characteristics of the polymer composite for optimum processing parameters. The optimum grey relational grade was gotten to be 0.8286 and was experimentally validated with 95% confidence interval. The optimum processing parameters were discovered to be a treated fiber having 8 mm length at 30% loading. Although, other processing parameters are significant, but fiber loading is the most significant parameter. Correspondingly, the contribution of residual error on the overall multi-physicome...
s: Esterified waxes were compounded with toluene, oleic acid, morpholine and distilled water to p... more s: Esterified waxes were compounded with toluene, oleic acid, morpholine and distilled water to produce the emulsions. The emulsions produced were applied on wood and leather, which adhered and dried. The coated substrates showed decrease in water absorption coefficients compared to the uncoated surfaces. Coated leather showed better marking-off properties than the wood coated substrates. The emulsions applied on wood finishing show good absorption properties which can be used as undercoat emulsion for wood.
The comparative study of the Physico – mechanical properties of selected printed fabrics were mad... more The comparative study of the Physico – mechanical properties of selected printed fabrics were made. The results obtained showed that the locally produced fabrics exhibited comparably better end – use performance characteristics in terms of fabric weight per square meter, fabric flammability, and linear density. While the foreign fabrics are better in terms of Crease recovery, fabric handle, fabric sett, fabric shrinkage, and aesthetics. However, both the foreign and homemade fabrics exhibited similar characteristics in terms of abrasion resistance, tensile strength, air permeability, yarn crimp, fabric thickness, and colour fastness.It may therefore be concluded that considering envirnmental factors the locally produced fabrics are technically standared in terms of every day use and comfort.There is no basis in the choice preference of foreign fabrics in Nigeria atleast from technical point of view.
Azo dyes containing free amino group were derived from H-acid and the free amino group was acetyl... more Azo dyes containing free amino group were derived from H-acid and the free amino group was acetylated to obtain another group of dyes. The two groups of dyes were applied to wool and nylon 6.6 fabrics and their colour fastness properties assessed. It was found that acetylated dyes gave hypsochromic effects on colour, and dyeing fastness such as washing and perspiration improved on acetylated dyes when compared with unacetylated dyes on both fabrics. For the light fastness, however, there was no noticeable improvement on nylon 6.6 fabric but general improvement was made on acetylated dyes when applied to wool fabric. For the thermodynamic parameters such as the equilibrium constant (partition coefficient K) and the standard affinities Δμ the acetylated dyes have lower values when compared with the unacetylated dyes on fabrics. [Report and Opinion, 2009;1(6):12-17]. (ISSN 1545-4570).
Being a thesis submitted to the postgraduate School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for... more Being a thesis submitted to the postgraduate School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) in Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Department of Textile Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. May, 2000
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