The safe use of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species (L. cicera, L. clymenum and L. och... more The safe use of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species (L. cicera, L. clymenum and L. ochrus) requires a better understanding of the factors that are involved in the development of neurolathyrism. A suitable animal model is needed. The nutritional quality, seed chemical composition, the role of malnutrition, synergistic action of antinutritional factors, the toxicity of both seed and forage to animals, metabolism and tissue distribution of the toxic amino acid beta-N-oxalyl-alpha,beta-L-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) in mammals are reviewed. Malnutrition is not necessary for the development of neurolathyrism, however, the supply of sulfur amino acids by Lathyrus spp. is limited by the combined action of several antinutritional factors and the low inherent levels in the seeds. Metabolism or excretion of ODAP and clearance from the central nervous system appear to function well under normal circumstances, while species differences exist. Interruptions to these processes and excessive concurrent demands for reduced sulfur amino acids are likely to be conducive to the onset of neurotoxicity.
1 Genetic Resources Unit, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA... more 1 Genetic Resources Unit, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria 2 Genbank, Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstraβe 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom 4 USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Cornell University, Geneva, New York
SUMMARY Six-hundreds-twelve barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were tested for resistance to ... more SUMMARY Six-hundreds-twelve barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were tested for resistance to Pyrenophora graminea under natural infection in an organic farm in Lower Saxony, Germany, during 1999-2002. More than 30% of these accessions were observed to be resistant in the field and are listed in this report. Varieties with previously documented ‘Vada’‐ and ‘Betzes’‐ resistance, were observed without infection, but those with ‘Lion’resistance and with ‘Thibaut’-resistance were found to be susceptible. Many new sources of resistance from East Asia and also samples with deviating symptoms of sensitivity were found. A small group of accessions was infected artificially with two aggressive isolates of the pathogen (I2, I5) and tested by the sandwich method. This revealed both differences and agreement with the results obtained under natural infection. Accessions BGRC 5592, HOR 333, HOR 11475 and OU J362 showed resistance in all experiments.
Excerpts of Arthur Kessler’s memoirs relating to the epidemic of neurolathyrism in camp Vapniarka... more Excerpts of Arthur Kessler’s memoirs relating to the epidemic of neurolathyrism in camp Vapniarka, Transnistria
Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, 2001
The genus Vicia comprises approximately 190 species (ILDIS, 1999), chiefly located in Europe, Asi... more The genus Vicia comprises approximately 190 species (ILDIS, 1999), chiefly located in Europe, Asia and North America, extending to temperate South America and tropical East Africa. The genus is primarily located in the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions (Kupicha, 1981). It is adapted to temperate regions but can also be found at high altitudes in tropical Africa. Endemic species are present on all continents, except Australia and Antarctica. Perhaps the best known species of the genus is the faba bean or broad bean, ...
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1996
The phenology, growth, seed yield and yield components of a number of introduced narbon bean (Vic... more The phenology, growth, seed yield and yield components of a number of introduced narbon bean (Vicia narbonensis L.) accessions and F9 breeding lines were compared with faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Fiord) or field pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Dundale) at 3 sites in 2 seasons. All narbon bean accessions had slow development, for example all accessions reached 50% flowering 9-35 days later than faba bean or field pea depending on the accession, site and season. Dry matter production near flowering ranged from 1.0 to 2.3 tlha and the growth of the best accessions was comparable with faba bean. In general, the accession ATC 60114 collected in the Beka'a Valley, Lebanon,…
Summary Macronutrient deficiencies are among the most limiting factors for plant production in hi... more Summary Macronutrient deficiencies are among the most limiting factors for plant production in highyield agriculture. In complementation of integrated and precision agriculture, modern agroecosystems require sustainable resources. The development of plants with improved nutrient use efficiency represents a long neglected approach to reduce mineral input and a the same time maintain or increase yield. Such plants can be generated by advanced breeding programs and genetic modification, but progress is difficult due to lack of ...
Enneking D. 2000 An annotated bibliography for the genus Lathyrus. (Cooperative Research Centre f... more Enneking D. 2000 An annotated bibliography for the genus Lathyrus. (Cooperative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture occasional publication no.17). Nedlands, WA: Cooperative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture; Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas ix, 354p.. ISBN 9291270679 En Covers agricultural, botanical, chemical, biochemical and medicinal literature. Geog = 0 Systematics: ANGIOSPERMAE (LEGUMINOSAE: LATHYRUS) Leguminosae - ...
Individual reports are presented from representatives from some of the 34 member countries of the... more Individual reports are presented from representatives from some of the 34 member countries of the ECP/GR (European Cooperative Programme for Crop Genetic Resources Networks) Working Group on Barley at their sixth meeting, which was held in conjunction with the second meeting of the EU Barley Project GENRES CT98-104 regarding the status of research on plant genetic resources and collections, gene conservation, and breeding of barley. Members from Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, France, Lithuania, the Netherlands, the ...
The safe use of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species (L. cicera, L. clymenum and L. och... more The safe use of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species (L. cicera, L. clymenum and L. ochrus) requires a better understanding of the factors that are involved in the development of neurolathyrism. A suitable animal model is needed. The nutritional quality, seed chemical composition, the role of malnutrition, synergistic action of antinutritional factors, the toxicity of both seed and forage to animals, metabolism and tissue distribution of the toxic amino acid beta-N-oxalyl-alpha,beta-L-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) in mammals are reviewed. Malnutrition is not necessary for the development of neurolathyrism, however, the supply of sulfur amino acids by Lathyrus spp. is limited by the combined action of several antinutritional factors and the low inherent levels in the seeds. Metabolism or excretion of ODAP and clearance from the central nervous system appear to function well under normal circumstances, while species differences exist. Interruptions to these processes and excessive concurrent demands for reduced sulfur amino acids are likely to be conducive to the onset of neurotoxicity.
1 Genetic Resources Unit, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA... more 1 Genetic Resources Unit, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria 2 Genbank, Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstraβe 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom 4 USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Cornell University, Geneva, New York
SUMMARY Six-hundreds-twelve barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were tested for resistance to ... more SUMMARY Six-hundreds-twelve barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were tested for resistance to Pyrenophora graminea under natural infection in an organic farm in Lower Saxony, Germany, during 1999-2002. More than 30% of these accessions were observed to be resistant in the field and are listed in this report. Varieties with previously documented ‘Vada’‐ and ‘Betzes’‐ resistance, were observed without infection, but those with ‘Lion’resistance and with ‘Thibaut’-resistance were found to be susceptible. Many new sources of resistance from East Asia and also samples with deviating symptoms of sensitivity were found. A small group of accessions was infected artificially with two aggressive isolates of the pathogen (I2, I5) and tested by the sandwich method. This revealed both differences and agreement with the results obtained under natural infection. Accessions BGRC 5592, HOR 333, HOR 11475 and OU J362 showed resistance in all experiments.
Excerpts of Arthur Kessler’s memoirs relating to the epidemic of neurolathyrism in camp Vapniarka... more Excerpts of Arthur Kessler’s memoirs relating to the epidemic of neurolathyrism in camp Vapniarka, Transnistria
Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, 2001
The genus Vicia comprises approximately 190 species (ILDIS, 1999), chiefly located in Europe, Asi... more The genus Vicia comprises approximately 190 species (ILDIS, 1999), chiefly located in Europe, Asia and North America, extending to temperate South America and tropical East Africa. The genus is primarily located in the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions (Kupicha, 1981). It is adapted to temperate regions but can also be found at high altitudes in tropical Africa. Endemic species are present on all continents, except Australia and Antarctica. Perhaps the best known species of the genus is the faba bean or broad bean, ...
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1996
The phenology, growth, seed yield and yield components of a number of introduced narbon bean (Vic... more The phenology, growth, seed yield and yield components of a number of introduced narbon bean (Vicia narbonensis L.) accessions and F9 breeding lines were compared with faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Fiord) or field pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Dundale) at 3 sites in 2 seasons. All narbon bean accessions had slow development, for example all accessions reached 50% flowering 9-35 days later than faba bean or field pea depending on the accession, site and season. Dry matter production near flowering ranged from 1.0 to 2.3 tlha and the growth of the best accessions was comparable with faba bean. In general, the accession ATC 60114 collected in the Beka'a Valley, Lebanon,…
Summary Macronutrient deficiencies are among the most limiting factors for plant production in hi... more Summary Macronutrient deficiencies are among the most limiting factors for plant production in highyield agriculture. In complementation of integrated and precision agriculture, modern agroecosystems require sustainable resources. The development of plants with improved nutrient use efficiency represents a long neglected approach to reduce mineral input and a the same time maintain or increase yield. Such plants can be generated by advanced breeding programs and genetic modification, but progress is difficult due to lack of ...
Enneking D. 2000 An annotated bibliography for the genus Lathyrus. (Cooperative Research Centre f... more Enneking D. 2000 An annotated bibliography for the genus Lathyrus. (Cooperative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture occasional publication no.17). Nedlands, WA: Cooperative Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture; Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas ix, 354p.. ISBN 9291270679 En Covers agricultural, botanical, chemical, biochemical and medicinal literature. Geog = 0 Systematics: ANGIOSPERMAE (LEGUMINOSAE: LATHYRUS) Leguminosae - ...
Individual reports are presented from representatives from some of the 34 member countries of the... more Individual reports are presented from representatives from some of the 34 member countries of the ECP/GR (European Cooperative Programme for Crop Genetic Resources Networks) Working Group on Barley at their sixth meeting, which was held in conjunction with the second meeting of the EU Barley Project GENRES CT98-104 regarding the status of research on plant genetic resources and collections, gene conservation, and breeding of barley. Members from Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, France, Lithuania, the Netherlands, the ...
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Papers by Dirk Enneking