International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, Jul 1, 2019
The acute toxicity of Mangifera indica seed extract was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles... more The acute toxicity of Mangifera indica seed extract was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles under a static bioassay for 96 hours. Ten (10) juveniles of C. gariepinus were stocked in each of the six rectangular plastic tanks, each with a replicate. The fish were allowed to acclimatize for one (1) week. The water quality parameters, behavioural changes, haematology, biochemistry and histopathology of the test fish were studied on the concentrations of M. indica seeds extract at 4.00, 2.00, 1.00 and 0.5 g/L while 0.00 served as the control. The results of water quality parameters revealed that pH range between 5.86 and 6.79, free carbon dioxide ranged between 2.04 and 4.50 ppm, alkalinity ranged from 5.41-6.20. The biochemical parameters showed a significant difference (P< 0.05) as compared to the control. Also, the histopathology showed a clear variation in their appearance when compared with the control. All these alterations could be induced by the efficacy of the plant extract (M. indica). The 96 hours LC₅₀ of M. indica extract on the juveniles of C. gariepinus was 0.7079 g/L with the upper and lower confidence limits of 0.5424 and 0.9239 respectively. This finding clearly suggests that the plant extract has deleterious effects on aquatic fauna especially fish. Therefore, concerted effort should be made to prevent the plant material (M. indica) seeds from reaching water bodies.
Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy, 2020
Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most important parasitic and neglected diseases in the tropics... more Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most important parasitic and neglected diseases in the tropics, that inflicts and underdevelopment especially in sub Saharan Africa. This study was carried out to determine the status of lymphatic filariasis in six rural communities of Ardo-Kola Local Government Area where no epidemiological data exist. Rapid Assessment Method for clinical signs and Standard Parasitological Techniques were used for diagnosis. A total of 464 night blood samples were collected using finger-prick method. Out of the number, 136 (29.31%) were infected with Wuchereria bancrofti. Infection rates among the six communities differed significantly (ANOVA, P<0.05). Chi-square analysis (chi-square, P>0.05) revealed the following: No significant difference in infection between the sexes; significant differences in infection among the different age groups and occupational groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed close association between the presence of W. bancrofti and ...
A study was conducted at River Mayo Ranewo and River Lau, Taraba State Nigeria. The two rivers em... more A study was conducted at River Mayo Ranewo and River Lau, Taraba State Nigeria. The two rivers empty into the Upper Benue Basin. A survey of visual encounter was conducted within the two wetlands from June to August, 2014. The fish record was based entirely on landings of fishermen, number of canoes that land fish was counted, types of nets and baits used on each sampling day. Fishes were sorted into taxonomic groups, identified to family/ species level, counted and weighed in groups by species. Other aquatic organisms captured by the fishermen were scallops, turtles and frogs. The relative species abundance was determined by dividing the number of species from a site by the total number of species from all tributaries/sites. The fish were preserved in 2% formaldehyde solution and taken to the laboratory, were identified through keys of identification to African fishes and field guides. Shannon-Wieiner index of species diversity indicated that the diversity was highest at River Mayo...
Harvester ants (Messor) have become a major pest to farmers because they swarm in to houses, farm... more Harvester ants (Messor) have become a major pest to farmers because they swarm in to houses, farms and injure seeds, seedlings, and fruits, causing great damage to plants that falls within their vicinity. This study compared the efficacy of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Capsicum annuum (chili pepper) powder for the protection of sorghum and millet grains against harvester ants (Messor) at graded levels. Four ants hills (A, B, C, and D) were identified around Adamawa State University Campus.1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g of each of the treatment including the positive control (Rambo) was constituted in each ant hill on a petri dish and 100 seeds each for the 2 grains were added. A control (untreated) experiment was set up in every ant hill which contains 100 seeds for every grain but no treatment was added. The results revealed the efficacy of the treatments when compared will the untreated control, but Capsicum annuum performed significantly better. Millet grains were also preferred by the ant...
The efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), and yellow pepper (Cap... more The efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), and yellow pepper (Capsicum annum) alo ngside a synthetic insecticides (Rambo) was evaluated for their toxici ty against cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) and their ability on see d protection. The study was conducted at the Botanical garden of the Department of Biological Sciences, Adamawa State University, Mubi. Data collected was subjects to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the treatment mea ns were compared using the Duncan New' Multiple Range Test (DNRMT) at 5% p robability level P<0.05. The results showed that the treatments were effective in controlling adult C. maculatus on stored cowpea, and the treatm ents had no effect on seed protection as treated seeds performed significantly equal to the control (untreated). Therefore, it is recommended that the yellow pepper, red pepper and garlic could be used to control weevils on stor ed cowpea.
Azadirachta indica extracts (ethanol and aqueous) were tested against the 2 and 3 instar larvae o... more Azadirachta indica extracts (ethanol and aqueous) were tested against the 2 and 3 instar larvae of Anopheles mosquitoes. Anopheles mosquito were collected from possible breeding sites such as the puddles, tires tracks, rice fields, gutters etc. around Mubi town. Probit analysis was used to determine the lethal concentration of the extracts at 50% and 95% i.e. LC50 and LC95, respectively. The result of the laboratory bioassay revealed that A. indica extracts at 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml significantly (P>0.05) controlled larval Anopheles mosquitoes in Mubi. However, ethanol extract proved to be more potent than aqueous extract as 100% mortality was recorded after 24 hours in all its concentrations, compared to aqueous extract, where mortality was spread between 24 hours and 48 hours. The LC50 and LC95 further proved the superiority of ethanol extract over aqueous extract. LC50 (-12.309) and LC95 (3.589) calculated for ethanol extract was significantly lower compared to LC50 (2.24E+08) ...
The evaluation of the efficacy of plant powders on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) ... more The evaluation of the efficacy of plant powders on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) was carried out in Mubi. The plant products were the powders of Khaya ivorensis and Annona senegalensis. Permethrin 0.60% was used as positive control. 1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g were constituted into four replicates for each of the treatment on 20.0g of sorghum, maize and millet flours. Thereafter, 10 newly emerged adult Tribolium castaneum were added. The effects were noted for their toxicity and suppression of development. The results revealed that the plant products tested were effective when compared with the control, since they significantly recorded higher mortality and also suppressed larval and F1 progeny emergence on different grain flours. Khaya ivorensis performed significantly (P>0.05) better than Annona senegalensis. Therefore, sustainable use of these plant products in the control of weevils on stored foods is recommended especially Khaya ivorensis ...
Four bryophytes powders namely, Calymperes afzelli Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum ... more Four bryophytes powders namely, Calymperes afzelli Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum coronatum Schwaeg and Barbula lambarenensis (Hook) Spreng. were evaluated for biocidal activities against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motch, at 5%, 10% and 20% w/w concentrations. All the moss plant materials showed encouraging biocidal principles in respect of toxicity, reduction in oviposition and F1 progeny emergence rate and prolongation of pre-imaginal duration. The bryophytes were very effective and prompt as toxicants and their order of efficacy was B. coronatum> T. gratum> C. afzelli>B. lambarenensis. C. afzelli and B. coronatum prolonged the pre-imaginal duration by 3 to 7 days with increasing treatment concentration. All the bryophyte powders reduced S. zeamais oviposition and F1 progeny emergence significantly (P<0.05), but these were not reflected in the capability of the individual to lay eggs or survive in the grain, respectively. A maize grain weight loss ...
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Detarium microcarpum fruit pulp on haemato... more The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Detarium microcarpum fruit pulp on haematological parameters of rats, in 28 days. The research was aimed to investigate the effect of D. microcarpum on some haematological parameters of rats and weekly weight gain by the rats. 24 healthy Albino rats were used for the experiment. Data collected was subjected to oneway analysis of variance and Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used to separate the mean differences at 5% probability level. The results obtained revealed that the fruit pulp of D. microcarpum has significant effects on the haematological parameter and weight gain by the rats. There was a significant increase in Red Blood cells (RBC) of the experimental rats in groups A and C (3.19±0.09 and 3.21±0.04 respectively). The White Blood Cells (WBC) of the rats also increased significantly, while the Packed Cells Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations showed no significant differences between the groups. It was...
The efficacy of Azadirachta indica seed powder and extracts (oil and aqueous) was evaluated for t... more The efficacy of Azadirachta indica seed powder and extracts (oil and aqueous) was evaluated for the control of bean weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) on stored cowpea grains in Mubi. Neem seed products and Darksh (synthetic chemical) were compared with the control (untreated). Daily mortality count was noted for three days, while the F1 generation emergence and weight loss by the grains were subsequently noted. Data collected was subjected to ANOVA, and the treatment means were compared using LSD at 5% probability level (P=0.05). The results showed that all the treatment levels showed some toxic activity and deterrence in the further infestation. Neem seed oil and aqueous extracts showed encouraging toxic activities, deterrent activities and promptness that were just as good as Darksh, the control inorganic insecticide. Neem seed products showed high level of toxicity, low F1 emergence and weight loss by the grains. The advantages proffered by the window of utilizing neem as pestic...
This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica and Khaya ivorensis aga... more This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica and Khaya ivorensis against subterranean termites. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plants were separately prepared in 200mg/ml and 400mg/ml concentrations. In the Laboratory mortality was observed for 72hrs, while antifeedant activity was observed in the field, where 20 pieces of woods of were exposed to termites vertically buried in the soil to a depth of 10cm. The results showed that the treatments at varying concentrations effectively controlled the termites. 100% mortality was recorded in all the treatment jars after 72hrs and none was recorded in the control. Similar trend was observed in the exposed woods. The treatments significantly reduced the weight loss to as low as 17.60g in K. ivorensis treated woods, compared to 153.40g in the control after 3 weeks. Hence, this further confirmed the potency of A. indica and K. ivorensis against insect pests.
Mosquitoes are widely distributed worldwide, utilizing various breeding sites which are influence... more Mosquitoes are widely distributed worldwide, utilizing various breeding sites which are influenced by various environmental factors. This study aimed at determining the distribution and relative abundance of mosquito species in Mubi metropolis. Three study sites (Barama, GRA and Tudun-Wada) were randomly selected and observed for the distribution and abundance of mosquito species larvae, mosquito larvae were identified into genera based on their resting position in water, as described by WHO standard. Direct counting of mosquito genera after ten (10) dips in each breeding sites was done and recorded. Data collected was analyzed using Shannon Wiener diversity index. The overall distribution of mosquitoes out of the 302 collected revealed that, mosquitoes population is higher in Tudun-Wada and the least was in GRA in the following order: Tudun-Wada (115)>Barama (111)>GRA (76). The finding from this study also revealed that Anopheles mosquitoes had the highest Relative Density (6...
The research was carried out in Mubi, North Eastern Nigeria to investigate the insect pest specie... more The research was carried out in Mubi, North Eastern Nigeria to investigate the insect pest species infesting three different species of fish, viz: Clarias spp, Tilapia spp and Synodontis spp. Dermestes spp, Necrobia spp and Tribolium spp were the common insect pests found infesting the three species of fish. Data collected on the total number of insect pests infesting each species of fish, as well as the distribution of the two life stages (larval and adult) of the insects was analyzed using simple percentage. The result showed that Tilapia spp was more prone to infestation by insect pests (57.3%) followed by Synodontis spp (24.4%) and then Clarias spp (18.3%) in the following order: Tilapia>Synodontis>Clarias. Tribolium spp was the dominant insect pest, with about 61.7% infestation on Tilapia spp, and 100% on Clarias spp, followed by Necrobia spp with 31% infestation on Tilapia spp and 80% on Synodontis spp. The distribution of adult and larval stages of the insect pests was ...
Cockroaches are insects of significant medical importance because of their tendencies in transmit... more Cockroaches are insects of significant medical importance because of their tendencies in transmitting diseases mechanically. This study was performed to determine the incidence of gastrointestinal parasites in the guts and body surfaces of cockroaches in the residential and hospital areas, and the perception of their role in disease transmission in Mubi-South, Adamawa State. Two hundred cockroaches (100 each from the residential and hospital areas respectively) were collected from various households and hospital areas in Mubi-South, and were screened for gastrointestinal parasites in the laboratory. A well-structured questionnaire was used to source data on peoples’ perception on the role of cockroaches in disease transmission. The result revealed eight parasites (A. lumbricoides, E. coli, E. hystolitica, G. lamblia, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp . and Streptococcus spp.) prevalent in the cockroaches collected. Out of the 200 cockroaches collected, only 62(31.0 %) tested posit...
This study assessed the diversity and abundance of species of birds in the savannah woodlands of ... more This study assessed the diversity and abundance of species of birds in the savannah woodlands of Gashaka-Gumti National Park (GGNP) that is Bodel and Mayo-Selbe range using the “Time Species Count (TSC)” method. A total of 35 bird families and 96 species were recorded at both sites. 66 species in 29 bird families at Bodel and 73 species in 31 bird families at Mayo-Selbe were recorded respectively. There was significant difference in species diversity within bird families between the two sites (p<0.05) because of good breeding sites at Mayo-Selbe which include a wide variety of resources, high productivity and moderate levels of predation compare to Bodel. This study was carried out to enhance conservation; however the development of subsistence farming, tree cutting, and firewood collection should be restricted in the savannah woodlands areas.
Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the red flour beetle, is an important c... more Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the red flour beetle, is an important cosmopolitan pest of stored grains. Three ratios of male to female (3:7, 7:3 and 5:5) were reared on four flours, viz: millet, maize, sorghum and wheat, and the experiment which based on the various life stages were noted for larval development, pupal and adult. The results showed significant difference (P<0.05) between the maize grains and the other grains in larval, pupal and adult development of T. castaneum with different sex ratios. Thus the preparation and storage of ready to use flour, especially maize, for prolonged periods, should be de-emphasized amongst farmers, food handlers and households in Nigeria and Africa where facilities to keep abate T. castaneum are not available.
Solutions of four moss powders, namely: Calymperes afzelii Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg.... more Solutions of four moss powders, namely: Calymperes afzelii Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum coronatum Schwaegr. and Barbula lambarenensis (Hook) Spreng., were evaluated for insecticidal activity against maize stem borers. The aqueous solutions were smeared periodically on mature maize plants in the field. All mosses tested showed some toxic activity against the established maize stem borers, deterrence regarding further infestation and some influence on the distribution of the borers. C. afzelii and B. coronatum showed encouraging toxic activities, deterrent activities and promptness that were better or just as good as with Tricel, the control inorganic insecticide. The order of activity of the moss solutions was C. afzelii> B. coronatum >T. gratum= B. lambarenensis. The incidence of stem borer in the most preferred internode, i.e. III, was reduced significantly by C. afzelii, T. gratum and B. coronatum treatments, while B. lambarenensis like, Tricel, restricted t...
Study on the proximate and mineral composition of flesh and other body parts of Synodontis claria... more Study on the proximate and mineral composition of flesh and other body parts of Synodontis clarias and Oreochromis niloticus was carried out in September, 2012 using standard procedures. The protein content ranged from (31.10±0.92-21.00±0.81%) in the S. clarias while in O .niloticus ranged from (29.80±0.86-20.40±0.73%) both in the head sector and flesh. Concentrations of fats were (10.30±0.81-2.30±0.89%) in S. clarias while in O. niloticus were (8.20±0.73-2.00±0.85%) in the flesh and bones. Fibre values ranged from (2.30±0.92-0.20±0.81%) in the S. clarias and O.niloticus observed to be (1.82±0.86-0.20±0.73%) in head and flesh. Carbohydrate recorded in S. clarias ranged from (42.82±0.81-14.03±0.91) in the flesh and bones while in O. niloticus ranged from (53.20±0.77-36.40±0.85%) in fins and bones. Ash observed was (46.45±0.91-15.48±0.81%) in the fins and flesh of S. clarias while in O. niloticus shows (25.80±0.85-10.00±0.73%) in bones and flesh. Moisture contents recorded in S .clari...
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, Jul 1, 2019
The acute toxicity of Mangifera indica seed extract was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles... more The acute toxicity of Mangifera indica seed extract was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles under a static bioassay for 96 hours. Ten (10) juveniles of C. gariepinus were stocked in each of the six rectangular plastic tanks, each with a replicate. The fish were allowed to acclimatize for one (1) week. The water quality parameters, behavioural changes, haematology, biochemistry and histopathology of the test fish were studied on the concentrations of M. indica seeds extract at 4.00, 2.00, 1.00 and 0.5 g/L while 0.00 served as the control. The results of water quality parameters revealed that pH range between 5.86 and 6.79, free carbon dioxide ranged between 2.04 and 4.50 ppm, alkalinity ranged from 5.41-6.20. The biochemical parameters showed a significant difference (P&lt; 0.05) as compared to the control. Also, the histopathology showed a clear variation in their appearance when compared with the control. All these alterations could be induced by the efficacy of the plant extract (M. indica). The 96 hours LC₅₀ of M. indica extract on the juveniles of C. gariepinus was 0.7079 g/L with the upper and lower confidence limits of 0.5424 and 0.9239 respectively. This finding clearly suggests that the plant extract has deleterious effects on aquatic fauna especially fish. Therefore, concerted effort should be made to prevent the plant material (M. indica) seeds from reaching water bodies.
Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy, 2020
Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most important parasitic and neglected diseases in the tropics... more Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most important parasitic and neglected diseases in the tropics, that inflicts and underdevelopment especially in sub Saharan Africa. This study was carried out to determine the status of lymphatic filariasis in six rural communities of Ardo-Kola Local Government Area where no epidemiological data exist. Rapid Assessment Method for clinical signs and Standard Parasitological Techniques were used for diagnosis. A total of 464 night blood samples were collected using finger-prick method. Out of the number, 136 (29.31%) were infected with Wuchereria bancrofti. Infection rates among the six communities differed significantly (ANOVA, P<0.05). Chi-square analysis (chi-square, P>0.05) revealed the following: No significant difference in infection between the sexes; significant differences in infection among the different age groups and occupational groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed close association between the presence of W. bancrofti and ...
A study was conducted at River Mayo Ranewo and River Lau, Taraba State Nigeria. The two rivers em... more A study was conducted at River Mayo Ranewo and River Lau, Taraba State Nigeria. The two rivers empty into the Upper Benue Basin. A survey of visual encounter was conducted within the two wetlands from June to August, 2014. The fish record was based entirely on landings of fishermen, number of canoes that land fish was counted, types of nets and baits used on each sampling day. Fishes were sorted into taxonomic groups, identified to family/ species level, counted and weighed in groups by species. Other aquatic organisms captured by the fishermen were scallops, turtles and frogs. The relative species abundance was determined by dividing the number of species from a site by the total number of species from all tributaries/sites. The fish were preserved in 2% formaldehyde solution and taken to the laboratory, were identified through keys of identification to African fishes and field guides. Shannon-Wieiner index of species diversity indicated that the diversity was highest at River Mayo...
Harvester ants (Messor) have become a major pest to farmers because they swarm in to houses, farm... more Harvester ants (Messor) have become a major pest to farmers because they swarm in to houses, farms and injure seeds, seedlings, and fruits, causing great damage to plants that falls within their vicinity. This study compared the efficacy of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Capsicum annuum (chili pepper) powder for the protection of sorghum and millet grains against harvester ants (Messor) at graded levels. Four ants hills (A, B, C, and D) were identified around Adamawa State University Campus.1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g of each of the treatment including the positive control (Rambo) was constituted in each ant hill on a petri dish and 100 seeds each for the 2 grains were added. A control (untreated) experiment was set up in every ant hill which contains 100 seeds for every grain but no treatment was added. The results revealed the efficacy of the treatments when compared will the untreated control, but Capsicum annuum performed significantly better. Millet grains were also preferred by the ant...
The efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), and yellow pepper (Cap... more The efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), and yellow pepper (Capsicum annum) alo ngside a synthetic insecticides (Rambo) was evaluated for their toxici ty against cowpea weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) and their ability on see d protection. The study was conducted at the Botanical garden of the Department of Biological Sciences, Adamawa State University, Mubi. Data collected was subjects to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the treatment mea ns were compared using the Duncan New' Multiple Range Test (DNRMT) at 5% p robability level P<0.05. The results showed that the treatments were effective in controlling adult C. maculatus on stored cowpea, and the treatm ents had no effect on seed protection as treated seeds performed significantly equal to the control (untreated). Therefore, it is recommended that the yellow pepper, red pepper and garlic could be used to control weevils on stor ed cowpea.
Azadirachta indica extracts (ethanol and aqueous) were tested against the 2 and 3 instar larvae o... more Azadirachta indica extracts (ethanol and aqueous) were tested against the 2 and 3 instar larvae of Anopheles mosquitoes. Anopheles mosquito were collected from possible breeding sites such as the puddles, tires tracks, rice fields, gutters etc. around Mubi town. Probit analysis was used to determine the lethal concentration of the extracts at 50% and 95% i.e. LC50 and LC95, respectively. The result of the laboratory bioassay revealed that A. indica extracts at 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml significantly (P>0.05) controlled larval Anopheles mosquitoes in Mubi. However, ethanol extract proved to be more potent than aqueous extract as 100% mortality was recorded after 24 hours in all its concentrations, compared to aqueous extract, where mortality was spread between 24 hours and 48 hours. The LC50 and LC95 further proved the superiority of ethanol extract over aqueous extract. LC50 (-12.309) and LC95 (3.589) calculated for ethanol extract was significantly lower compared to LC50 (2.24E+08) ...
The evaluation of the efficacy of plant powders on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) ... more The evaluation of the efficacy of plant powders on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) was carried out in Mubi. The plant products were the powders of Khaya ivorensis and Annona senegalensis. Permethrin 0.60% was used as positive control. 1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g were constituted into four replicates for each of the treatment on 20.0g of sorghum, maize and millet flours. Thereafter, 10 newly emerged adult Tribolium castaneum were added. The effects were noted for their toxicity and suppression of development. The results revealed that the plant products tested were effective when compared with the control, since they significantly recorded higher mortality and also suppressed larval and F1 progeny emergence on different grain flours. Khaya ivorensis performed significantly (P>0.05) better than Annona senegalensis. Therefore, sustainable use of these plant products in the control of weevils on stored foods is recommended especially Khaya ivorensis ...
Four bryophytes powders namely, Calymperes afzelli Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum ... more Four bryophytes powders namely, Calymperes afzelli Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum coronatum Schwaeg and Barbula lambarenensis (Hook) Spreng. were evaluated for biocidal activities against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motch, at 5%, 10% and 20% w/w concentrations. All the moss plant materials showed encouraging biocidal principles in respect of toxicity, reduction in oviposition and F1 progeny emergence rate and prolongation of pre-imaginal duration. The bryophytes were very effective and prompt as toxicants and their order of efficacy was B. coronatum> T. gratum> C. afzelli>B. lambarenensis. C. afzelli and B. coronatum prolonged the pre-imaginal duration by 3 to 7 days with increasing treatment concentration. All the bryophyte powders reduced S. zeamais oviposition and F1 progeny emergence significantly (P<0.05), but these were not reflected in the capability of the individual to lay eggs or survive in the grain, respectively. A maize grain weight loss ...
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Detarium microcarpum fruit pulp on haemato... more The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Detarium microcarpum fruit pulp on haematological parameters of rats, in 28 days. The research was aimed to investigate the effect of D. microcarpum on some haematological parameters of rats and weekly weight gain by the rats. 24 healthy Albino rats were used for the experiment. Data collected was subjected to oneway analysis of variance and Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used to separate the mean differences at 5% probability level. The results obtained revealed that the fruit pulp of D. microcarpum has significant effects on the haematological parameter and weight gain by the rats. There was a significant increase in Red Blood cells (RBC) of the experimental rats in groups A and C (3.19±0.09 and 3.21±0.04 respectively). The White Blood Cells (WBC) of the rats also increased significantly, while the Packed Cells Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations showed no significant differences between the groups. It was...
The efficacy of Azadirachta indica seed powder and extracts (oil and aqueous) was evaluated for t... more The efficacy of Azadirachta indica seed powder and extracts (oil and aqueous) was evaluated for the control of bean weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) on stored cowpea grains in Mubi. Neem seed products and Darksh (synthetic chemical) were compared with the control (untreated). Daily mortality count was noted for three days, while the F1 generation emergence and weight loss by the grains were subsequently noted. Data collected was subjected to ANOVA, and the treatment means were compared using LSD at 5% probability level (P=0.05). The results showed that all the treatment levels showed some toxic activity and deterrence in the further infestation. Neem seed oil and aqueous extracts showed encouraging toxic activities, deterrent activities and promptness that were just as good as Darksh, the control inorganic insecticide. Neem seed products showed high level of toxicity, low F1 emergence and weight loss by the grains. The advantages proffered by the window of utilizing neem as pestic...
This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica and Khaya ivorensis aga... more This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica and Khaya ivorensis against subterranean termites. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plants were separately prepared in 200mg/ml and 400mg/ml concentrations. In the Laboratory mortality was observed for 72hrs, while antifeedant activity was observed in the field, where 20 pieces of woods of were exposed to termites vertically buried in the soil to a depth of 10cm. The results showed that the treatments at varying concentrations effectively controlled the termites. 100% mortality was recorded in all the treatment jars after 72hrs and none was recorded in the control. Similar trend was observed in the exposed woods. The treatments significantly reduced the weight loss to as low as 17.60g in K. ivorensis treated woods, compared to 153.40g in the control after 3 weeks. Hence, this further confirmed the potency of A. indica and K. ivorensis against insect pests.
Mosquitoes are widely distributed worldwide, utilizing various breeding sites which are influence... more Mosquitoes are widely distributed worldwide, utilizing various breeding sites which are influenced by various environmental factors. This study aimed at determining the distribution and relative abundance of mosquito species in Mubi metropolis. Three study sites (Barama, GRA and Tudun-Wada) were randomly selected and observed for the distribution and abundance of mosquito species larvae, mosquito larvae were identified into genera based on their resting position in water, as described by WHO standard. Direct counting of mosquito genera after ten (10) dips in each breeding sites was done and recorded. Data collected was analyzed using Shannon Wiener diversity index. The overall distribution of mosquitoes out of the 302 collected revealed that, mosquitoes population is higher in Tudun-Wada and the least was in GRA in the following order: Tudun-Wada (115)>Barama (111)>GRA (76). The finding from this study also revealed that Anopheles mosquitoes had the highest Relative Density (6...
The research was carried out in Mubi, North Eastern Nigeria to investigate the insect pest specie... more The research was carried out in Mubi, North Eastern Nigeria to investigate the insect pest species infesting three different species of fish, viz: Clarias spp, Tilapia spp and Synodontis spp. Dermestes spp, Necrobia spp and Tribolium spp were the common insect pests found infesting the three species of fish. Data collected on the total number of insect pests infesting each species of fish, as well as the distribution of the two life stages (larval and adult) of the insects was analyzed using simple percentage. The result showed that Tilapia spp was more prone to infestation by insect pests (57.3%) followed by Synodontis spp (24.4%) and then Clarias spp (18.3%) in the following order: Tilapia>Synodontis>Clarias. Tribolium spp was the dominant insect pest, with about 61.7% infestation on Tilapia spp, and 100% on Clarias spp, followed by Necrobia spp with 31% infestation on Tilapia spp and 80% on Synodontis spp. The distribution of adult and larval stages of the insect pests was ...
Cockroaches are insects of significant medical importance because of their tendencies in transmit... more Cockroaches are insects of significant medical importance because of their tendencies in transmitting diseases mechanically. This study was performed to determine the incidence of gastrointestinal parasites in the guts and body surfaces of cockroaches in the residential and hospital areas, and the perception of their role in disease transmission in Mubi-South, Adamawa State. Two hundred cockroaches (100 each from the residential and hospital areas respectively) were collected from various households and hospital areas in Mubi-South, and were screened for gastrointestinal parasites in the laboratory. A well-structured questionnaire was used to source data on peoples’ perception on the role of cockroaches in disease transmission. The result revealed eight parasites (A. lumbricoides, E. coli, E. hystolitica, G. lamblia, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp . and Streptococcus spp.) prevalent in the cockroaches collected. Out of the 200 cockroaches collected, only 62(31.0 %) tested posit...
This study assessed the diversity and abundance of species of birds in the savannah woodlands of ... more This study assessed the diversity and abundance of species of birds in the savannah woodlands of Gashaka-Gumti National Park (GGNP) that is Bodel and Mayo-Selbe range using the “Time Species Count (TSC)” method. A total of 35 bird families and 96 species were recorded at both sites. 66 species in 29 bird families at Bodel and 73 species in 31 bird families at Mayo-Selbe were recorded respectively. There was significant difference in species diversity within bird families between the two sites (p<0.05) because of good breeding sites at Mayo-Selbe which include a wide variety of resources, high productivity and moderate levels of predation compare to Bodel. This study was carried out to enhance conservation; however the development of subsistence farming, tree cutting, and firewood collection should be restricted in the savannah woodlands areas.
Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the red flour beetle, is an important c... more Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the red flour beetle, is an important cosmopolitan pest of stored grains. Three ratios of male to female (3:7, 7:3 and 5:5) were reared on four flours, viz: millet, maize, sorghum and wheat, and the experiment which based on the various life stages were noted for larval development, pupal and adult. The results showed significant difference (P<0.05) between the maize grains and the other grains in larval, pupal and adult development of T. castaneum with different sex ratios. Thus the preparation and storage of ready to use flour, especially maize, for prolonged periods, should be de-emphasized amongst farmers, food handlers and households in Nigeria and Africa where facilities to keep abate T. castaneum are not available.
Solutions of four moss powders, namely: Calymperes afzelii Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg.... more Solutions of four moss powders, namely: Calymperes afzelii Sw., Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv.) Jaeg., Bryum coronatum Schwaegr. and Barbula lambarenensis (Hook) Spreng., were evaluated for insecticidal activity against maize stem borers. The aqueous solutions were smeared periodically on mature maize plants in the field. All mosses tested showed some toxic activity against the established maize stem borers, deterrence regarding further infestation and some influence on the distribution of the borers. C. afzelii and B. coronatum showed encouraging toxic activities, deterrent activities and promptness that were better or just as good as with Tricel, the control inorganic insecticide. The order of activity of the moss solutions was C. afzelii> B. coronatum >T. gratum= B. lambarenensis. The incidence of stem borer in the most preferred internode, i.e. III, was reduced significantly by C. afzelii, T. gratum and B. coronatum treatments, while B. lambarenensis like, Tricel, restricted t...
Study on the proximate and mineral composition of flesh and other body parts of Synodontis claria... more Study on the proximate and mineral composition of flesh and other body parts of Synodontis clarias and Oreochromis niloticus was carried out in September, 2012 using standard procedures. The protein content ranged from (31.10±0.92-21.00±0.81%) in the S. clarias while in O .niloticus ranged from (29.80±0.86-20.40±0.73%) both in the head sector and flesh. Concentrations of fats were (10.30±0.81-2.30±0.89%) in S. clarias while in O. niloticus were (8.20±0.73-2.00±0.85%) in the flesh and bones. Fibre values ranged from (2.30±0.92-0.20±0.81%) in the S. clarias and O.niloticus observed to be (1.82±0.86-0.20±0.73%) in head and flesh. Carbohydrate recorded in S. clarias ranged from (42.82±0.81-14.03±0.91) in the flesh and bones while in O. niloticus ranged from (53.20±0.77-36.40±0.85%) in fins and bones. Ash observed was (46.45±0.91-15.48±0.81%) in the fins and flesh of S. clarias while in O. niloticus shows (25.80±0.85-10.00±0.73%) in bones and flesh. Moisture contents recorded in S .clari...
Uploads
Papers by Jasini Wahedi