International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
Tele-information and communication have led a global revolution in solving the scarcity of health... more Tele-information and communication have led a global revolution in solving the scarcity of health care workers. In the vision of health for all, different global leaders have initiated many public health reforms to address the health care needs of citizens, like e-Sanjeevani in India. COVID-19 created an acute shortage of nurses, as well as the rising cost of care and hospital occupancy which are major hurdles to address basic health needs. Telenursing is a novel field that utilizes innovative technologies to offer safe, effective, and ethical care promptly by providing. Telenursing may provide a means to overcome some of the challenges faced by patients by providing easier access to cost-effective care and equitable distribution of health care providers. Globally, telenursing is an emerging and rapidly expanding area for professionals and offers unlimited opportunities for its members.
OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to offer insight and understanding, through synthesis of ... more OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to offer insight and understanding, through synthesis of findings from studies that report on perspectives of student nurses/midwives, clinical instructors, clinical nurses/midwives on the challenges faced by student nurses/midwives in the clinical learning environment (CLE). DESIGN All primary qualitative research studies published in the English language that reported on the views of student nurses/midwives, clinical instructors and clinical nurses/midwives on the challenges faced by student nurses/midwives in the CLE were included. DATA SOURCES The electronic databases of Medline EBSCO (1946-), CINAHL (1970), Embase Ovid (1974-), ScielO, WHOLIS (2002-), ASSIA (1985-), Web of Science (1956-), PsycINFO (1800s-) and Maternal and Infant Care (1970-) were searched in November 2019. REVIEW METHODS Retrieved papers were reviewed independently by two authors for selection by title, abstract and full text, and two authors agreed for inclusion of the...
Breastfeeding practices have a serious concern during the COVID-19. As a normative standard, brea... more Breastfeeding practices have a serious concern during the COVID-19. As a normative standard, breastfeeding is only universal safest option of infant nutrition in disaster situations. World Health Organization recommended mothers suspected or confirmed case of COVID-19 should be encouraged to initiate and continue breastfeeding at the time of birth and thereafter. Practicing the rooming-in, skin to skin contact, kangaroo mother care, the lactating mother also should continue the breastfeeding. Breastfeeding has multiple benefits for the mothers, infants to prevent many short-term and longterm consequences. Global public health recommendation is start early breastfeeding. To achieve the optimal growth and development the exclusively breast feeding continue till six month and later two years of life.
The role of the immune system at the implantation site plays important role not rejecting fetus. ... more The role of the immune system at the implantation site plays important role not rejecting fetus. Over fifty years ago, Sir Peter Medawar proposed the paradigm of why the fetus, as a semi-allograft, is not rejected by the maternal immune system. The presence of the maternal immune system at the implantation site was used as evidence to support this. Medawar's observation was based on the assumption that the placenta is an allograft expressing paternal proteins and, therefore, under normal immunological conditions, should be rejected. It is seen that the placenta is more than a transplanted organ. Based on the data discussed, there may be an active mechanism preventing a maternal immune response against paternal antigens. The trophoblast and the maternal immune system have evolved and established a cooperative status, helping each other for the success of the pregnancy. The differentiation and function of immune cells infiltrating the implantation site depends, largely on the micr...
Background and objective Delayed cord clamping (DCC) has proven to be an ideal approach to reduce... more Background and objective Delayed cord clamping (DCC) has proven to be an ideal approach to reduce iron deficiency anemia; however, different timings of DCC relative to the birth outcome lead to conflicting results. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different timings of DCC on the maternal and neonatal outcomes in normal vaginal deliveries at term. Methods This was an interventional study on neonates born at term without complications to mothers with uneventful pregnancies in the labor unit of a district hospital in Odisha, India. A total of 147 women were randomized to three intervention groups: DCC at one minute, DCC at two minutes, and DCC at three minutes. Hemoglobin and bilirubin levels, maternal blood loss, the timing of the third stage of labor, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were measured as the outcomes of different timings of DCC. Results At 24-48 hours of age, hemoglobin and bilirubin levels of the neonates were significantly higher with DCC at three minutes compared to DCC at one and two minutes. However, there were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of the need for phototherapy. The duration of the third stage of labor was significantly longer with DCC at three minutes. Maternal blood loss, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were not significantly associated with the timing of DCC. Conclusion Based on our findings, waiting to clamp the umbilical cord until three minutes can effectively reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in newborns.
BACKGROUND The provision of preconception care approaches such as maternal assessments and educat... more BACKGROUND The provision of preconception care approaches such as maternal assessments and education on healthy lifestyle (including physical activity, nutrition, and dietary supplements such as folic acid), general and sexual health, avoidance of high-risk behavior, and immunizations has been shown to identify and reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes through appropriate management and preventive measures. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study is to determine the effect of an integrated preconception care intervention on delivery outcomes, which is a novel challenge for lowering unfavorable birth outcomes in India’s low-resource setting. The main objectives are to investigate the relationship of birth outcomes to both maternal and paternal preconception health and determine the effect of preconception care intervention on improvement of maternal nutritional status and reduction of the risk of adverse birth outcomes such as prematurity, low birth weight, and maternal and neonatal comp...
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
COVID-19 is considered as a public health emergency of International concern (PHEIC) and thus a p... more COVID-19 is considered as a public health emergency of International concern (PHEIC) and thus a pandemic with an explosive increase rate of infection worldwide. The mobilization of resources to prevent and treat COVID-19 infections is unparalleled in the history of public health. Different measured has been adopted by the different state to fight against COVID-19. The preparedness level to control this pandemic has been rapid and unprecedented and made possible by the coordination between center and state govt. To minimize the infectivity and controlling the COVIID-19 disaster, Odisha was the first state to announce lockdown 2.0, following strict quarantine guidelines, community monitoring for home quarantine people, and extending care by establishing COVID hospital. This paper is based on a review of the preparedness strategy adopted in Odisha state govt. for controlling COVID-19. The major objective was to review the recent preparedness level in the state of Odisha for maintainin...
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
COVID-19 considered as a public health emergency of International concern and thus a pandemic wit... more COVID-19 considered as a public health emergency of International concern and thus a pandemic with the explosive increase rate of infection worldwide and at the same time, the healthcare system is struggling for survival and the government is striving to regain the trust of the population. According to the WHO, mothers with COVID-19 or suspected COVID-19 can breastfeed their babies as long as they take appropriate precautions. Although creating awareness and providing adequate information to the mother and general public about breastfeeding benefits, still people believe in several myths and misconceptions due to fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. These personal beliefs, misconceptions, myths, and cultural practices can have a negative impact on breastfeeding which may discourage breastfeeding practice among women. This brisk review intends to compile the latest available evidence about myths, cultural practices preventing breastfeeding during COVID 19 pandemic. We searched works of lit...
Background The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obstetric fistu... more Background The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obstetric fistula in the rural area of the south eastern community of India and the training of community health workers for its prevention. Methods A population-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the south eastern rural community of India. A total of 3939 women were included in the study and Probability proportional to size sampling was used in the study. Frequency distribution and logistic regression were computed to analyse the data using STATA version 11.2. Results Out of 3939 participants interviewed, 23.7% women reported obstetric fistula symptoms whereas after clinical diagnosis and speculum examination the obstetric morbidity pattern was: Obstetric fistula 0.3%, stress urinary incontinence 20.0%, pelvic inflammatory diseases 1.2%, uterine prolapse 1.4% and urinary tract infection 3.8%. The awareness level of the rural women regarding the obstetric fistula was assessed by a ...
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common pelvic tumor in women of reproductive age and are ... more Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common pelvic tumor in women of reproductive age and are asymptomatic in at least 50% of affected women. Various risk factors are associated with development of uterine fibroids during this reproductive age. The present study established various associated risk factors increases the prevalence of uterine fibroid among reproductive age group and clinical symptoms burden of diagnosed case.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used to collect samples for a period of six months in an OPD basis. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the 362 sample of reproductive age group (15-45 years) women in a tertiary care hospital, Southeastern India. Women diagnosed with uterine fibroid by ultrasonography were included as cases. Symptomatic features and associated risk factors of UF were collected through structure interview schedule.Results: Point prevalence of uterine fibroid among women in reproductive age group during the period of six mo...
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
Tele-information and communication have led a global revolution in solving the scarcity of health... more Tele-information and communication have led a global revolution in solving the scarcity of health care workers. In the vision of health for all, different global leaders have initiated many public health reforms to address the health care needs of citizens, like e-Sanjeevani in India. COVID-19 created an acute shortage of nurses, as well as the rising cost of care and hospital occupancy which are major hurdles to address basic health needs. Telenursing is a novel field that utilizes innovative technologies to offer safe, effective, and ethical care promptly by providing. Telenursing may provide a means to overcome some of the challenges faced by patients by providing easier access to cost-effective care and equitable distribution of health care providers. Globally, telenursing is an emerging and rapidly expanding area for professionals and offers unlimited opportunities for its members.
OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to offer insight and understanding, through synthesis of ... more OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to offer insight and understanding, through synthesis of findings from studies that report on perspectives of student nurses/midwives, clinical instructors, clinical nurses/midwives on the challenges faced by student nurses/midwives in the clinical learning environment (CLE). DESIGN All primary qualitative research studies published in the English language that reported on the views of student nurses/midwives, clinical instructors and clinical nurses/midwives on the challenges faced by student nurses/midwives in the CLE were included. DATA SOURCES The electronic databases of Medline EBSCO (1946-), CINAHL (1970), Embase Ovid (1974-), ScielO, WHOLIS (2002-), ASSIA (1985-), Web of Science (1956-), PsycINFO (1800s-) and Maternal and Infant Care (1970-) were searched in November 2019. REVIEW METHODS Retrieved papers were reviewed independently by two authors for selection by title, abstract and full text, and two authors agreed for inclusion of the...
Breastfeeding practices have a serious concern during the COVID-19. As a normative standard, brea... more Breastfeeding practices have a serious concern during the COVID-19. As a normative standard, breastfeeding is only universal safest option of infant nutrition in disaster situations. World Health Organization recommended mothers suspected or confirmed case of COVID-19 should be encouraged to initiate and continue breastfeeding at the time of birth and thereafter. Practicing the rooming-in, skin to skin contact, kangaroo mother care, the lactating mother also should continue the breastfeeding. Breastfeeding has multiple benefits for the mothers, infants to prevent many short-term and longterm consequences. Global public health recommendation is start early breastfeeding. To achieve the optimal growth and development the exclusively breast feeding continue till six month and later two years of life.
The role of the immune system at the implantation site plays important role not rejecting fetus. ... more The role of the immune system at the implantation site plays important role not rejecting fetus. Over fifty years ago, Sir Peter Medawar proposed the paradigm of why the fetus, as a semi-allograft, is not rejected by the maternal immune system. The presence of the maternal immune system at the implantation site was used as evidence to support this. Medawar's observation was based on the assumption that the placenta is an allograft expressing paternal proteins and, therefore, under normal immunological conditions, should be rejected. It is seen that the placenta is more than a transplanted organ. Based on the data discussed, there may be an active mechanism preventing a maternal immune response against paternal antigens. The trophoblast and the maternal immune system have evolved and established a cooperative status, helping each other for the success of the pregnancy. The differentiation and function of immune cells infiltrating the implantation site depends, largely on the micr...
Background and objective Delayed cord clamping (DCC) has proven to be an ideal approach to reduce... more Background and objective Delayed cord clamping (DCC) has proven to be an ideal approach to reduce iron deficiency anemia; however, different timings of DCC relative to the birth outcome lead to conflicting results. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different timings of DCC on the maternal and neonatal outcomes in normal vaginal deliveries at term. Methods This was an interventional study on neonates born at term without complications to mothers with uneventful pregnancies in the labor unit of a district hospital in Odisha, India. A total of 147 women were randomized to three intervention groups: DCC at one minute, DCC at two minutes, and DCC at three minutes. Hemoglobin and bilirubin levels, maternal blood loss, the timing of the third stage of labor, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were measured as the outcomes of different timings of DCC. Results At 24-48 hours of age, hemoglobin and bilirubin levels of the neonates were significantly higher with DCC at three minutes compared to DCC at one and two minutes. However, there were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of the need for phototherapy. The duration of the third stage of labor was significantly longer with DCC at three minutes. Maternal blood loss, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were not significantly associated with the timing of DCC. Conclusion Based on our findings, waiting to clamp the umbilical cord until three minutes can effectively reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in newborns.
BACKGROUND The provision of preconception care approaches such as maternal assessments and educat... more BACKGROUND The provision of preconception care approaches such as maternal assessments and education on healthy lifestyle (including physical activity, nutrition, and dietary supplements such as folic acid), general and sexual health, avoidance of high-risk behavior, and immunizations has been shown to identify and reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes through appropriate management and preventive measures. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study is to determine the effect of an integrated preconception care intervention on delivery outcomes, which is a novel challenge for lowering unfavorable birth outcomes in India’s low-resource setting. The main objectives are to investigate the relationship of birth outcomes to both maternal and paternal preconception health and determine the effect of preconception care intervention on improvement of maternal nutritional status and reduction of the risk of adverse birth outcomes such as prematurity, low birth weight, and maternal and neonatal comp...
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
COVID-19 is considered as a public health emergency of International concern (PHEIC) and thus a p... more COVID-19 is considered as a public health emergency of International concern (PHEIC) and thus a pandemic with an explosive increase rate of infection worldwide. The mobilization of resources to prevent and treat COVID-19 infections is unparalleled in the history of public health. Different measured has been adopted by the different state to fight against COVID-19. The preparedness level to control this pandemic has been rapid and unprecedented and made possible by the coordination between center and state govt. To minimize the infectivity and controlling the COVIID-19 disaster, Odisha was the first state to announce lockdown 2.0, following strict quarantine guidelines, community monitoring for home quarantine people, and extending care by establishing COVID hospital. This paper is based on a review of the preparedness strategy adopted in Odisha state govt. for controlling COVID-19. The major objective was to review the recent preparedness level in the state of Odisha for maintainin...
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
COVID-19 considered as a public health emergency of International concern and thus a pandemic wit... more COVID-19 considered as a public health emergency of International concern and thus a pandemic with the explosive increase rate of infection worldwide and at the same time, the healthcare system is struggling for survival and the government is striving to regain the trust of the population. According to the WHO, mothers with COVID-19 or suspected COVID-19 can breastfeed their babies as long as they take appropriate precautions. Although creating awareness and providing adequate information to the mother and general public about breastfeeding benefits, still people believe in several myths and misconceptions due to fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. These personal beliefs, misconceptions, myths, and cultural practices can have a negative impact on breastfeeding which may discourage breastfeeding practice among women. This brisk review intends to compile the latest available evidence about myths, cultural practices preventing breastfeeding during COVID 19 pandemic. We searched works of lit...
Background The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obstetric fistu... more Background The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obstetric fistula in the rural area of the south eastern community of India and the training of community health workers for its prevention. Methods A population-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the south eastern rural community of India. A total of 3939 women were included in the study and Probability proportional to size sampling was used in the study. Frequency distribution and logistic regression were computed to analyse the data using STATA version 11.2. Results Out of 3939 participants interviewed, 23.7% women reported obstetric fistula symptoms whereas after clinical diagnosis and speculum examination the obstetric morbidity pattern was: Obstetric fistula 0.3%, stress urinary incontinence 20.0%, pelvic inflammatory diseases 1.2%, uterine prolapse 1.4% and urinary tract infection 3.8%. The awareness level of the rural women regarding the obstetric fistula was assessed by a ...
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common pelvic tumor in women of reproductive age and are ... more Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common pelvic tumor in women of reproductive age and are asymptomatic in at least 50% of affected women. Various risk factors are associated with development of uterine fibroids during this reproductive age. The present study established various associated risk factors increases the prevalence of uterine fibroid among reproductive age group and clinical symptoms burden of diagnosed case.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used to collect samples for a period of six months in an OPD basis. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the 362 sample of reproductive age group (15-45 years) women in a tertiary care hospital, Southeastern India. Women diagnosed with uterine fibroid by ultrasonography were included as cases. Symptomatic features and associated risk factors of UF were collected through structure interview schedule.Results: Point prevalence of uterine fibroid among women in reproductive age group during the period of six mo...
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