... 'Accordingly, a positively emotional state serves the function of freeing the individual... more ... 'Accordingly, a positively emotional state serves the function of freeing the individual from the ... The empirical findings are consistent with such an interpretation. ... Moreover, several researchers have pointed out stable personality differences in cooperative versus egoistic value ...
This paper examines experimentally the effect of gender on contributions in a threshold public go... more This paper examines experimentally the effect of gender on contributions in a threshold public good framework which permits both strong free-riding and cooperative threshold equilibria. Subjects are recruited from a randomly selected sample of students. Females initially contribute significantly more than males, but significance vanishes as the game evolves. However, female groups are significantly better able to coordinate around a selected equilibrium. Such coordination does not imply greater efficiency at avoiding wasteful contributions. It does seem related to a tendency of females to behave more like each other throughout the game. Results are compared with the continuous provision framework.
Knowledge exchange via shared databases creates a social dilemma where people try to benefit from... more Knowledge exchange via shared databases creates a social dilemma where people try to benefit from others’ contributions without having any costs. A person’s tendency to withhold information can be interpreted as a kind of free riding. An experimental setting is presented where the dilemma can be quantified. A study with 166 subjects shows that three types of providers exist: pragmatists (47 % of the subjects) contribute almost all important but rarely unimportant information, cooperators (19 %) contribute almost all information regardless of its importance and defectors (34 %) rarely contribute any information. In all groups the contribution rates decline from trial to trial and within each trial. An extensive literature review based on research on social dilemmas presents possible individual and structural dilemma solutions. Their effectiveness for the communication dilemma is discussed.
The study explored whether cooperation could be promoted by identification with an in-group. A ga... more The study explored whether cooperation could be promoted by identification with an in-group. A game was used to create two groups independent of each other. Thirty-six Japanese undergraduate students participated in the game, followed by a social dilemma game. Analysis revealed a two-factor structure of social identification: identification with the group and identification with its members. As predicted from social identity theory, subjects showed a significantly higher level of cooperation when the dilemma game was played with in-group members than with out-group members. Furthermore, identification with the group affected both in-group bias and cooperative behavior in the social dilemma game, but this effect was not found for identification with members.
... 'Accordingly, a positively emotional state serves the function of freeing the individual... more ... 'Accordingly, a positively emotional state serves the function of freeing the individual from the ... The empirical findings are consistent with such an interpretation. ... Moreover, several researchers have pointed out stable personality differences in cooperative versus egoistic value ...
This paper examines experimentally the effect of gender on contributions in a threshold public go... more This paper examines experimentally the effect of gender on contributions in a threshold public good framework which permits both strong free-riding and cooperative threshold equilibria. Subjects are recruited from a randomly selected sample of students. Females initially contribute significantly more than males, but significance vanishes as the game evolves. However, female groups are significantly better able to coordinate around a selected equilibrium. Such coordination does not imply greater efficiency at avoiding wasteful contributions. It does seem related to a tendency of females to behave more like each other throughout the game. Results are compared with the continuous provision framework.
Knowledge exchange via shared databases creates a social dilemma where people try to benefit from... more Knowledge exchange via shared databases creates a social dilemma where people try to benefit from others’ contributions without having any costs. A person’s tendency to withhold information can be interpreted as a kind of free riding. An experimental setting is presented where the dilemma can be quantified. A study with 166 subjects shows that three types of providers exist: pragmatists (47 % of the subjects) contribute almost all important but rarely unimportant information, cooperators (19 %) contribute almost all information regardless of its importance and defectors (34 %) rarely contribute any information. In all groups the contribution rates decline from trial to trial and within each trial. An extensive literature review based on research on social dilemmas presents possible individual and structural dilemma solutions. Their effectiveness for the communication dilemma is discussed.
The study explored whether cooperation could be promoted by identification with an in-group. A ga... more The study explored whether cooperation could be promoted by identification with an in-group. A game was used to create two groups independent of each other. Thirty-six Japanese undergraduate students participated in the game, followed by a social dilemma game. Analysis revealed a two-factor structure of social identification: identification with the group and identification with its members. As predicted from social identity theory, subjects showed a significantly higher level of cooperation when the dilemma game was played with in-group members than with out-group members. Furthermore, identification with the group affected both in-group bias and cooperative behavior in the social dilemma game, but this effect was not found for identification with members.
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Papers by Charu Bhdr