... the high osmotic pressure effect in more saline subjects, changes also occurred in the total ... more ... the high osmotic pressure effect in more saline subjects, changes also occurred in the total values of the irrigation water given (Yurtseven and Sönmez, 1996 ... Treatments Depth, cm Saturation salinities ECe, dS m-1 Initial 06, 08, 1998 20, 08, 1998 27, 08, 1998 07, 09, 1998 0-20 ...
... Abstract (English), This research concentrates on possibility of using presowing seed treatme... more ... Abstract (English), This research concentrates on possibility of using presowing seed treatments on alleviation of thermodormancy effect in pepper seeds in order to improve emergence percentages in two varieties (11B-14, Sera-Demre 8). Seven different treatments were ...
The properties of media used in soilless agriculture technique in plant production affect plant d... more The properties of media used in soilless agriculture technique in plant production affect plant development directly. Media have different properties in order to provide support for the plant in the root part, and also are influential on root development, as well as its water and nutrients intake. Peat, coco-peat and perlite media are the most commonly used materials in the world. However, the high cost of peat aggregate and the limited peat reserve led to the need for seeking alternative media. Rice hull, which will be one of these alternative media, is a material that comes off during rice processing and poses an environmental problem in the form of waste management. Nowadays, minimizing the rice hull waste management problem on the environmental level gains even more importance especially in sustainable agricultural system. Therefore, the evaluation of rice hull, which is considered a renewable source of energy, in the soilless agriculture system has gained great importance. This material can be used not only without being processed but also in ground and carbonized forms. Available studies on the potential of using rice hull as an aggregate are not adequate. In this study, in addition to using peat, coco-peat and perlite media which are commonly used in soilless agriculture, we used fresh, ground and carbonized rice hull in lettuce cultivation. Bulk density (g cm(‑3)), aeration capacity (%), easily available water (%), water buffering capacity (%), porosity (%), moisture (%), organic matter (%), pH and electrical conductivity values were determined in six different media. In addition to this, by cultivating lettuce in soilless mediums, some vegetal data were also collected. Our results showed that rice hull waste can be used as an aggregate. Therefore further studies are needed to overcome the deficiencies on this subject.
Calisma ile farkli doz ve surelerde uygulanan absisik asit (ABA)'in domates (Lycopersicon esc... more Calisma ile farkli doz ve surelerde uygulanan absisik asit (ABA)'in domates (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fidelerde olusturdugu stresin; fizyolojik, morfolojik ve gelisim parametrelerine etkisi tespit edilmis, ABA'nin domates fide yetistiriciliginde kullanilabilecek optimum doz ve uygulama suresi belirlenmistir. Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Aspendos (sirik) ve Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Donna (oturak) domates cesitlerine ait fidelere 0, 1, 10, 50 ve 100 µM ABA konsantrasyonlari ilk gercek yaprak goruldukten itibaren 1, 2, 3 ve 4 hafta suresince gunluk olarak yapraklara puskurtme seklinde uygulanmistir. Uygulama sonrasinda 1, 2, 3 ve 4. haftalarda bitki ornekleri alinmistir. Her iki cesitte govde ve kok uzunlugu ile govde ve kok yas-kuru agirliklari, 1 ve 10 µM ABA uygulamalarinda kontrole kiyasla daha yuksek belirlenirken, 50 ve 100 µM ABA uygulamalarinda daha dusuk belirlenmistir. Yapilan bu calismada dusuk konsantrasyonda ABA uygulamalari domates bitkisinin her iki cesidinde klorofil ve karoten iceriginde (14 gunluk 1 µM ABA uygulamasi haric) artisa neden olurken, 50 ve 100 µM konsantrasyonda ise bircok uygulama suresinde kontrol grubuna gore azalmaya neden olmustur. Antosiyanin icerigi ozellikle 50 ve 100 µM ABA uygulamalarinda tum uygulama zamanlarinda kontrole kiyasla daha yuksek belirlenmistir. Her iki domates cesidinde tum ABA uygulama zamanlari ve konsantrasyonlarindaki artisa paralel olarak SOD, GuPX ve KAT enzim aktivitelerinin arttigi gozlemlenmistir. Enzim aktivitelerindeki artisin 10 ve 50 µM dozlarinda bitkide bir hasar meydana getirmedigi ancak 100 µM ABA uygulamasinin protein pigment ve bitki dokularinda oksidatif hasar olusturdugu saptanmistir. Yapilan calismada tum uygulama zamanlari ve dozlari icerisinde en yuksek protein miktari 4. haftanin her hafta uygulama zamaninda 1 µM ABA uygulanmis bitkilerde belirlenirken, en dusuk deger ayni uygulama zamaninda 100 µM ABA uygulama dozunda belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak 1- tohum ekiminden sonra, fidelerde ilk gercek yapraklarin cikmasi itibariyle, 3 hafta sure ile her gun bir kere yapraklara puskurtme seklinde uygulanacak 50 µM ABA uygulamasinin, fidelerin asiri uzamasini engelleyecegi ve yumaklasmadan yeterli kok gelisimi saglayacagi, ayni zamanda fidelerin yesil rengini bozmayacagi belirlenmistir. 2- yer sorunu ve cesit ozelligi olarak kok yumaklasmasi sorunu yasanmayan cesitlerde, ayrica fidelerin biyotik ve abiyotik stres kosullarina maruz kalabilecegi dusunulen bolgeler icin yapilacak uretimde, daha yesil, govde boyu uygun, antioksidan kapasitesi yuksek ve bolgedeki stres kosullarina ve sasirtma stresine daha dayanikli fideler elde edilmesi icin tohum ekiminden sonra ilk gercek yapraklar goruldugunden itibaren 2 hafta suresince gunluk olarak yapraklara puskurtme seklinde 10 µM ABA uygulamasi onerilmektedir.Abstract In this study, the effect of ABA exposures in different time and concentrations to the physiologic, morphologic and other growth parameters of tomato seedlings were investigated to determine optimum concentration and exposure time which can be used on tomato seedling industry. In the seedling of Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Aspendos and Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Donna varieties, 0, 1, 10, 50 and 100 µM of ABA concentrations were daily sprayed to the tomato leaves during 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the true leaves becomes visible. The plant samples were collected after each treatment period. In both cultivars while increasing of length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root tissues were determined at 1-10 µM, they decreased at 50 and 100 µM ABA exposure compared with control. ABA exposure in low concentrations caused an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid in both tomato cultivars (except the 14 days of 1 µM ABA treatment). However, 50 and 100 µM ABA caused a decrease in most exposure times compared to control samples. The anthocyanine contents in the all exposure times were determined in high level at 50 and 100 µM ABA from the control. In both cultivars, the increasing of SOD, GuPX and CAT enzyme activities were observed as paralel to all exposure time and concentrations of ABA. Increasing of enzyme activities did not occur any damage in plant tissues at 10 and 50 µM ABA concentrations, but the decreasing of protein and pigment contents and oxidative damages on plant tissues were found at 100 µM ABA concentrations. In this study, the highest and lowest level of protein amounts were determined at 1 and 100 µM ABA concentration for every week treatment of 4th week, respectively. Consequently, (i)After emergence of first true leaves, 50 µM ABA, sprayed to leaves with daily during three weeks were determined not only preventing to elongate in extreme level of tomato seedlings, but also to ensure optimum root development and green colour (ii) Daily sprey application of 10 µM ABA is recommended for two weeks after the leaveas becomes visible, for the types that don’t have root flocculation in the production, as well as…
... Gazi Osman Paşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:1, Ders Kitapları Serisi Yayınları... more ... Gazi Osman Paşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:1, Ders Kitapları Serisi Yayınları No:1 (2. Baskı), Tokat Aydeniz, A. ve Brohi, A. 1991. ... Beşirli, G., Sürmeli, N., Sönmez, İ., Kasım, MU, Başay, S., Karik, Ü., Şarlar, G.,Çetin, K., Erdoğan, S., Çelikel, FS, Pezikoğlu, F., Efe, E ...
We investigated individual and combined effects of B toxicity and salinity in the presence or abs... more We investigated individual and combined effects of B toxicity and salinity in the presence or absence of silicon on the shoot growth, concentrations of sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), boron (B) and silicon (Si), and stomatal resistance (SR), lipid peroxidation (MDA), proline accumulation, H2O2 accumulation and the activities of major antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT and ascorbate peroxidase, APX)
Abstract The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of various nitrate/ chloride (NO3/C... more Abstract The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of various nitrate/ chloride (NO3/Cl) ratios on growth, nitrate accumulation, and mineral absorption in carrot, Daucus carota L., plants in a controlled environment. The experiment included two Cl sources [potassium chloride (KC1) and calcium chloride (CaCl2)] and five NO/Clratios at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 with total‐nitrogen (N) concentration of 400 mg NO3 kg‐1 soil in 100/0 treatment. Fresh and dry weights of shoots and storage roots, and length and diameter of storage roots increased significantly with mixed NO3/C1 treatments with both Cl sources as compared to single NO3 (100/0) treatment. Growth was enhanced up to the 80/20 NO3/C1 treatments. With Cl present in the treatments, the concentration of total‐N unchanged and NO3 decreased in plants, and Cl and potassium (K) increased with the Cl sources. In KC1 treatments, Na absorption decreased. Calcium (Ca) content of the plants significantly differed by the treatments. It was ...
Bu calismada 4 farkli sebze materyalinin (domates, sivri biber, dolmalik biber ve havuc) yenilebi... more Bu calismada 4 farkli sebze materyalinin (domates, sivri biber, dolmalik biber ve havuc) yenilebilir kisimlarinin icermekte olduklari serbest isoflavon (biochanin A, formononetin, genistein, daidzein ve lycitein), konjuge isoflavon (sissotrin, ononin, genistin, daidzin ve glycitin), lignan (secoisolariciresinol ve matairesinol), coumestan (coumestrol) ve diger flavonoidler (apigenin, quercetine ve rutin) gibi fitoostrojenik aktiviteye sahip bilesik konsantrasyonlari farkli ornek hazirlama yontemleri uygulanmasi sonrasinda cesitli kromatografik teknikler kullanilarak belirlenmistir. Calisma kapsaminda uygulanan ornek hazirlama yontemleri metanol ve seyreltik HCl ile temel ekstraksiyon, cellulase, β-glucosidase ve β-glucuronidase enzimleri ve inkubasyon ile enzimatik hidroliz olmustur. Kromatografik tekniklerden ise HPLC (HPLC-DAD ve LC-MS/MS) ile GC-MS kullanilmistir. Tekrarlanabilirlik ve hassasiyet gibi faktorler (tayin limiti araligi 0.9-3.0 ppb) nedeni ile en etkin yontem LC-MS/MS olarak belirlenmistir. Tum sebze orneklerinde major fitoostrojenik bilesik secoisolariciresinol olarak saptanmis olup, dolma biberde 330.67 ppb ile en yuksek konsantrasyona sahip oldugu belirlenmistir. Sivri biber diger flavonoidler acisindan 117.3 ppb’lik duzeyde konsantrasyon ile on plana cikmistir. Isoflavon konsantrasyonu en yuksek olan sebze ise 158.375 ppb ile domatesdir. Tum orneklerde tespit edilen en yuksek duzeyli isoflavon ise 148.05 ppb ile domatesde bulunan glycitein olmustur. Sivri biber orneklerinde yer alan quercetin ise 94.545 ppb ile tayin edilen en yuksek diger flavonoiddir. Sebze orneklerinin toplam fitoostrojenik madde duzeyleri 0.34-0.52 ppm araliginda degisiklik gostermekte olup, dolma biber 0.52 ppm ile en yuksek, domates ise 0.34 ppm ile en dusuk konsantrasyona sahip olanlardir. Orneklerin hic birinde coumestrol,daidzein, daidzin, glycitin, ononin ve sissotrin tespit edilememistir. Abstract This study identified compound concentrations with phytoestrogenic activity such as free isoflavones (biochanin A, formononetin, genistein, daidzein and lycitein), conjugated isoflavones (sissotrin, ononin, genistin, daidzin and glycitin), lignan (secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol), coumestan (coumestrol) and other flavonoids (apigenin, quercetine and rutin) contained by the edible parts of four different vegetable materials (tomato,hot pepper, sweet pepper and carrot) using different chromatographic methods after different sample preparation methods. Sample preparation methods used in the study included sample extraction with methanol and diluted hcl, enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulose, β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase enzymes and incubation. Among chromatographic methods, HPLC (HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS) and GC-MS were used in the study. The most effective method was found to be LC-MS/MS due to factors of repeatability and sensitivity (range of identification limit 0.9-3.0 ppb). Major phytoestrogenic compound was found to be secoisolariciresinol in all vegetable samples with the highest concentration in sweet pepper (330.67 ppb). Hot pepper was significant for other flavonoids with a concentration of 117.3 ppb. Tomato had the highest isoflavone concentration with 158.375 ppb. The highest level of isoflavone identified in all samples was glycitein in tomato (148.05 ppb). On the other hand, quercetin contained by hot pepper samples was the other flavonoid with the highest concentration (94.545 ppb). Total phytoestrogenic substance amounts of vegetable samples varied between 0.34-0.52 ppm. Sweet pepper had the highest concentration (0.52 ppm), tomato had the lowest concentration (0.34 ppm). Coumestrol, daidzin, glycitin, ononin and sissotrin could not be identified in any of the samples.
... the high osmotic pressure effect in more saline subjects, changes also occurred in the total ... more ... the high osmotic pressure effect in more saline subjects, changes also occurred in the total values of the irrigation water given (Yurtseven and Sönmez, 1996 ... Treatments Depth, cm Saturation salinities ECe, dS m-1 Initial 06, 08, 1998 20, 08, 1998 27, 08, 1998 07, 09, 1998 0-20 ...
... Abstract (English), This research concentrates on possibility of using presowing seed treatme... more ... Abstract (English), This research concentrates on possibility of using presowing seed treatments on alleviation of thermodormancy effect in pepper seeds in order to improve emergence percentages in two varieties (11B-14, Sera-Demre 8). Seven different treatments were ...
The properties of media used in soilless agriculture technique in plant production affect plant d... more The properties of media used in soilless agriculture technique in plant production affect plant development directly. Media have different properties in order to provide support for the plant in the root part, and also are influential on root development, as well as its water and nutrients intake. Peat, coco-peat and perlite media are the most commonly used materials in the world. However, the high cost of peat aggregate and the limited peat reserve led to the need for seeking alternative media. Rice hull, which will be one of these alternative media, is a material that comes off during rice processing and poses an environmental problem in the form of waste management. Nowadays, minimizing the rice hull waste management problem on the environmental level gains even more importance especially in sustainable agricultural system. Therefore, the evaluation of rice hull, which is considered a renewable source of energy, in the soilless agriculture system has gained great importance. This material can be used not only without being processed but also in ground and carbonized forms. Available studies on the potential of using rice hull as an aggregate are not adequate. In this study, in addition to using peat, coco-peat and perlite media which are commonly used in soilless agriculture, we used fresh, ground and carbonized rice hull in lettuce cultivation. Bulk density (g cm(‑3)), aeration capacity (%), easily available water (%), water buffering capacity (%), porosity (%), moisture (%), organic matter (%), pH and electrical conductivity values were determined in six different media. In addition to this, by cultivating lettuce in soilless mediums, some vegetal data were also collected. Our results showed that rice hull waste can be used as an aggregate. Therefore further studies are needed to overcome the deficiencies on this subject.
Calisma ile farkli doz ve surelerde uygulanan absisik asit (ABA)'in domates (Lycopersicon esc... more Calisma ile farkli doz ve surelerde uygulanan absisik asit (ABA)'in domates (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fidelerde olusturdugu stresin; fizyolojik, morfolojik ve gelisim parametrelerine etkisi tespit edilmis, ABA'nin domates fide yetistiriciliginde kullanilabilecek optimum doz ve uygulama suresi belirlenmistir. Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Aspendos (sirik) ve Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Donna (oturak) domates cesitlerine ait fidelere 0, 1, 10, 50 ve 100 µM ABA konsantrasyonlari ilk gercek yaprak goruldukten itibaren 1, 2, 3 ve 4 hafta suresince gunluk olarak yapraklara puskurtme seklinde uygulanmistir. Uygulama sonrasinda 1, 2, 3 ve 4. haftalarda bitki ornekleri alinmistir. Her iki cesitte govde ve kok uzunlugu ile govde ve kok yas-kuru agirliklari, 1 ve 10 µM ABA uygulamalarinda kontrole kiyasla daha yuksek belirlenirken, 50 ve 100 µM ABA uygulamalarinda daha dusuk belirlenmistir. Yapilan bu calismada dusuk konsantrasyonda ABA uygulamalari domates bitkisinin her iki cesidinde klorofil ve karoten iceriginde (14 gunluk 1 µM ABA uygulamasi haric) artisa neden olurken, 50 ve 100 µM konsantrasyonda ise bircok uygulama suresinde kontrol grubuna gore azalmaya neden olmustur. Antosiyanin icerigi ozellikle 50 ve 100 µM ABA uygulamalarinda tum uygulama zamanlarinda kontrole kiyasla daha yuksek belirlenmistir. Her iki domates cesidinde tum ABA uygulama zamanlari ve konsantrasyonlarindaki artisa paralel olarak SOD, GuPX ve KAT enzim aktivitelerinin arttigi gozlemlenmistir. Enzim aktivitelerindeki artisin 10 ve 50 µM dozlarinda bitkide bir hasar meydana getirmedigi ancak 100 µM ABA uygulamasinin protein pigment ve bitki dokularinda oksidatif hasar olusturdugu saptanmistir. Yapilan calismada tum uygulama zamanlari ve dozlari icerisinde en yuksek protein miktari 4. haftanin her hafta uygulama zamaninda 1 µM ABA uygulanmis bitkilerde belirlenirken, en dusuk deger ayni uygulama zamaninda 100 µM ABA uygulama dozunda belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak 1- tohum ekiminden sonra, fidelerde ilk gercek yapraklarin cikmasi itibariyle, 3 hafta sure ile her gun bir kere yapraklara puskurtme seklinde uygulanacak 50 µM ABA uygulamasinin, fidelerin asiri uzamasini engelleyecegi ve yumaklasmadan yeterli kok gelisimi saglayacagi, ayni zamanda fidelerin yesil rengini bozmayacagi belirlenmistir. 2- yer sorunu ve cesit ozelligi olarak kok yumaklasmasi sorunu yasanmayan cesitlerde, ayrica fidelerin biyotik ve abiyotik stres kosullarina maruz kalabilecegi dusunulen bolgeler icin yapilacak uretimde, daha yesil, govde boyu uygun, antioksidan kapasitesi yuksek ve bolgedeki stres kosullarina ve sasirtma stresine daha dayanikli fideler elde edilmesi icin tohum ekiminden sonra ilk gercek yapraklar goruldugunden itibaren 2 hafta suresince gunluk olarak yapraklara puskurtme seklinde 10 µM ABA uygulamasi onerilmektedir.Abstract In this study, the effect of ABA exposures in different time and concentrations to the physiologic, morphologic and other growth parameters of tomato seedlings were investigated to determine optimum concentration and exposure time which can be used on tomato seedling industry. In the seedling of Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Aspendos and Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Donna varieties, 0, 1, 10, 50 and 100 µM of ABA concentrations were daily sprayed to the tomato leaves during 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the true leaves becomes visible. The plant samples were collected after each treatment period. In both cultivars while increasing of length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root tissues were determined at 1-10 µM, they decreased at 50 and 100 µM ABA exposure compared with control. ABA exposure in low concentrations caused an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid in both tomato cultivars (except the 14 days of 1 µM ABA treatment). However, 50 and 100 µM ABA caused a decrease in most exposure times compared to control samples. The anthocyanine contents in the all exposure times were determined in high level at 50 and 100 µM ABA from the control. In both cultivars, the increasing of SOD, GuPX and CAT enzyme activities were observed as paralel to all exposure time and concentrations of ABA. Increasing of enzyme activities did not occur any damage in plant tissues at 10 and 50 µM ABA concentrations, but the decreasing of protein and pigment contents and oxidative damages on plant tissues were found at 100 µM ABA concentrations. In this study, the highest and lowest level of protein amounts were determined at 1 and 100 µM ABA concentration for every week treatment of 4th week, respectively. Consequently, (i)After emergence of first true leaves, 50 µM ABA, sprayed to leaves with daily during three weeks were determined not only preventing to elongate in extreme level of tomato seedlings, but also to ensure optimum root development and green colour (ii) Daily sprey application of 10 µM ABA is recommended for two weeks after the leaveas becomes visible, for the types that don’t have root flocculation in the production, as well as…
... Gazi Osman Paşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:1, Ders Kitapları Serisi Yayınları... more ... Gazi Osman Paşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:1, Ders Kitapları Serisi Yayınları No:1 (2. Baskı), Tokat Aydeniz, A. ve Brohi, A. 1991. ... Beşirli, G., Sürmeli, N., Sönmez, İ., Kasım, MU, Başay, S., Karik, Ü., Şarlar, G.,Çetin, K., Erdoğan, S., Çelikel, FS, Pezikoğlu, F., Efe, E ...
We investigated individual and combined effects of B toxicity and salinity in the presence or abs... more We investigated individual and combined effects of B toxicity and salinity in the presence or absence of silicon on the shoot growth, concentrations of sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), boron (B) and silicon (Si), and stomatal resistance (SR), lipid peroxidation (MDA), proline accumulation, H2O2 accumulation and the activities of major antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT and ascorbate peroxidase, APX)
Abstract The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of various nitrate/ chloride (NO3/C... more Abstract The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of various nitrate/ chloride (NO3/Cl) ratios on growth, nitrate accumulation, and mineral absorption in carrot, Daucus carota L., plants in a controlled environment. The experiment included two Cl sources [potassium chloride (KC1) and calcium chloride (CaCl2)] and five NO/Clratios at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 with total‐nitrogen (N) concentration of 400 mg NO3 kg‐1 soil in 100/0 treatment. Fresh and dry weights of shoots and storage roots, and length and diameter of storage roots increased significantly with mixed NO3/C1 treatments with both Cl sources as compared to single NO3 (100/0) treatment. Growth was enhanced up to the 80/20 NO3/C1 treatments. With Cl present in the treatments, the concentration of total‐N unchanged and NO3 decreased in plants, and Cl and potassium (K) increased with the Cl sources. In KC1 treatments, Na absorption decreased. Calcium (Ca) content of the plants significantly differed by the treatments. It was ...
Bu calismada 4 farkli sebze materyalinin (domates, sivri biber, dolmalik biber ve havuc) yenilebi... more Bu calismada 4 farkli sebze materyalinin (domates, sivri biber, dolmalik biber ve havuc) yenilebilir kisimlarinin icermekte olduklari serbest isoflavon (biochanin A, formononetin, genistein, daidzein ve lycitein), konjuge isoflavon (sissotrin, ononin, genistin, daidzin ve glycitin), lignan (secoisolariciresinol ve matairesinol), coumestan (coumestrol) ve diger flavonoidler (apigenin, quercetine ve rutin) gibi fitoostrojenik aktiviteye sahip bilesik konsantrasyonlari farkli ornek hazirlama yontemleri uygulanmasi sonrasinda cesitli kromatografik teknikler kullanilarak belirlenmistir. Calisma kapsaminda uygulanan ornek hazirlama yontemleri metanol ve seyreltik HCl ile temel ekstraksiyon, cellulase, β-glucosidase ve β-glucuronidase enzimleri ve inkubasyon ile enzimatik hidroliz olmustur. Kromatografik tekniklerden ise HPLC (HPLC-DAD ve LC-MS/MS) ile GC-MS kullanilmistir. Tekrarlanabilirlik ve hassasiyet gibi faktorler (tayin limiti araligi 0.9-3.0 ppb) nedeni ile en etkin yontem LC-MS/MS olarak belirlenmistir. Tum sebze orneklerinde major fitoostrojenik bilesik secoisolariciresinol olarak saptanmis olup, dolma biberde 330.67 ppb ile en yuksek konsantrasyona sahip oldugu belirlenmistir. Sivri biber diger flavonoidler acisindan 117.3 ppb’lik duzeyde konsantrasyon ile on plana cikmistir. Isoflavon konsantrasyonu en yuksek olan sebze ise 158.375 ppb ile domatesdir. Tum orneklerde tespit edilen en yuksek duzeyli isoflavon ise 148.05 ppb ile domatesde bulunan glycitein olmustur. Sivri biber orneklerinde yer alan quercetin ise 94.545 ppb ile tayin edilen en yuksek diger flavonoiddir. Sebze orneklerinin toplam fitoostrojenik madde duzeyleri 0.34-0.52 ppm araliginda degisiklik gostermekte olup, dolma biber 0.52 ppm ile en yuksek, domates ise 0.34 ppm ile en dusuk konsantrasyona sahip olanlardir. Orneklerin hic birinde coumestrol,daidzein, daidzin, glycitin, ononin ve sissotrin tespit edilememistir. Abstract This study identified compound concentrations with phytoestrogenic activity such as free isoflavones (biochanin A, formononetin, genistein, daidzein and lycitein), conjugated isoflavones (sissotrin, ononin, genistin, daidzin and glycitin), lignan (secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol), coumestan (coumestrol) and other flavonoids (apigenin, quercetine and rutin) contained by the edible parts of four different vegetable materials (tomato,hot pepper, sweet pepper and carrot) using different chromatographic methods after different sample preparation methods. Sample preparation methods used in the study included sample extraction with methanol and diluted hcl, enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulose, β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase enzymes and incubation. Among chromatographic methods, HPLC (HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS) and GC-MS were used in the study. The most effective method was found to be LC-MS/MS due to factors of repeatability and sensitivity (range of identification limit 0.9-3.0 ppb). Major phytoestrogenic compound was found to be secoisolariciresinol in all vegetable samples with the highest concentration in sweet pepper (330.67 ppb). Hot pepper was significant for other flavonoids with a concentration of 117.3 ppb. Tomato had the highest isoflavone concentration with 158.375 ppb. The highest level of isoflavone identified in all samples was glycitein in tomato (148.05 ppb). On the other hand, quercetin contained by hot pepper samples was the other flavonoid with the highest concentration (94.545 ppb). Total phytoestrogenic substance amounts of vegetable samples varied between 0.34-0.52 ppm. Sweet pepper had the highest concentration (0.52 ppm), tomato had the lowest concentration (0.34 ppm). Coumestrol, daidzin, glycitin, ononin and sissotrin could not be identified in any of the samples.
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