International journal of business and social research, Aug 22, 2015
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing consumer’s purchase intenti... more The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing consumer’s purchase intention among younger’s on international branded clothes fashion in Jakarta. Data for this study was collected through self-administered questionnaire and distributed through convenient sampling method. A total of 100 completed and usable questionnaires have been collected. Pearson Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were applied to determine the interrelation of different variables in purchase intention. Findings of this study are limited by the number of respondents, area and location of the study, and absence of other methods to obtain results other than questionnaire. Empirical results show that there is a significant correlation between independent variables (perceived quality, brand image and country of origin) towards the dependent variable (purchase intention). This study is important to the marketers to understand the factors that influence consumers purchase intention. Marketers could also make improvement and strengthen their business based on selected variable to be more competitive.
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research
Background: This study examines the social and financial implications of EU Microfinance Institut... more Background: This study examines the social and financial implications of EU Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in response to the decline in economic activity caused by COVID-19. Method: The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique is used to evaluate such impacts. Results: The empirical results suggest that the pandemic affects MFI's financial efficiency adversely and increases MFI's social efficiency. MFI lending rates show the impact of COVID-19 on MFI efficiency, but the contribution of refinancing rates is negligible. Conclusion: It is found that the pandemic reduces the economic efficiency of MFIs, while improving the social efficiency of MFIs.
International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 2018
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the Ripple Effect of house prices at an inter... more Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the Ripple Effect of house prices at an inter-suburban level of analysis in the Sydney metropolitan area. By doing this, more practical information of price transmission can be provided to improve residential real estate purchasing decisions of market participants. Equity from residential real estate is a major component of household wealth and is frequently used to improve and upgrade homes. With the ever-increasing prices of real estate in Sydney making more efficient purchasing decisions can grow this wealth quicker allowing a household to obtain financial related goals at a quicker pace. Design/methodology/approach Using a two-stage sampling technique strings of adjoining suburbs from different Sydney regions were analysed using a combination of price graphs, Engle–Granger and Johansen co-integration techniques and Granger causality tests. Findings Pairwise co-integration was lacking throughout the various suburb strings, where...
The purpose of this study is to identify the negative effects of social network sites such as Fac... more The purpose of this study is to identify the negative effects of social network sites such as Facebook among Asia Pacific University scholars. The researcher, distributed 152 surveys to students of the chosen university to examine and study the negative effects. Electronic communication is emotionally gratifying but how do such technological distraction impact on academic performance? Because of social media platform’s widespread adoption by university students, there is an interest in how Facebook is related to academic performance. This paper measure frequency of use, participation in activities and time spent preparing for class, in order to know if Facebook affects the performance of students. Moreover, the impact of social network site on academic performance also raised another major concern which is health. Today social network sites are running the future and carrier of students. Social network sites were only an electronic connection between users, but unfortunately it has ...
ERN: Other Macroeconomics: National Income & Product Accounts (Topic), 2020
This article examines the effects of regional trade agreements. The augmented gravity model of in... more This article examines the effects of regional trade agreements. The augmented gravity model of international trade is used to test for trade creation and diversion in the context of trade agreements in the Asia‐Pacific region. The results of the estimated model indicate that trade has increased among the members of AFTA and APTA but not among the AANZFTA members. Differences in the levels of development appear to have a significant impact on trade flows, suggesting that there can be no general presumption about the extent of trade creation and trade diversion.
Economic integration is a process that aims to reduce barriers that exist in economic, social, an... more Economic integration is a process that aims to reduce barriers that exist in economic, social, and cultural affairs between countries. Integration in its current format has risen significantly since the 1980s, when several trade agreements were made to facilitate collaboration between developed and developing countries. However, there is a need to measure outcomes and understand the phenomena of integration in various respects besides the economic perspective. The idea of tighter economic integration in Eurasia is gaining attraction, largely based on the experiences of other regional economic integration projects, such as NAFTA, the EU, CEMAC, and ASEAN. The economic integration of Eurasian states has been an issue for policymakers over the last two decades. Efforts have been made to promote initiatives to integrate these countries through creating a custom union and facilitating labour and capital mobility, but so far there has not been any attempt to coordinate the monetary polici...
The main objective of this research is to make an assessment of the symmetry/asymmetry of underly... more The main objective of this research is to make an assessment of the symmetry/asymmetry of underlying macroeconomic shocks in the Eurasia region. A model is developed to distinguish structural global supply shocks, regional supply shocks, and domestic supply shocks using a reduced-form structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). Empirical results reveal that the correlation between domestic and regional shocks, as well as between domestic and global shocks, are clearly divided into two groups of countries: (i) domestic (country-specific) supply shocks are more correlated with global shocks in the European part of the region (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, and Ukraine; with the exception of Mongolia here); and (ii) domestic shocks are mostly correlated with regional shocks in the Central Asian part of the region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan; with the exception of Moldova here). This has implications for the Chinese economy in the region.
The main aim of this paper was to validate the relative price monetary model (RPMM) of exchange r... more The main aim of this paper was to validate the relative price monetary model (RPMM) of exchange rate determination for the Malaysian exchange rate (RM/USD) using monthly data set from 1986-2010. The Johansen multivariate cointegration test and vector error correction model were employed. Because the time period under consideration includes the South East Asian financial crisis, the analysis is done using two time periods; the full time period as well as the period after the crisis. Two interesting results were observed from this empirical exercise. First, there is a long-run relationship between exchange rate and the selected macro variables only for the period after the crisis. Second, the forecasting performance of monetary approach based on the error correction model outperformed the Random Walk model.
need of exchange rate forecasting in order to prevent its disruptive fluctuations has encouraged ... more need of exchange rate forecasting in order to prevent its disruptive fluctuations has encouraged the monetary policy makers and economists for many years to find a powerful method to predict it. The determinants of exchange rate make its behavior to be complex, volatile and non-linear. In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as econometric models and non-linear models such as neural networks have been applied. The lack of studies on the application of dynamic networks is the most important motivation of this study. In this paper Neural Network Autoregressive with Exogenous Input (NNARX) as a dynamic non-linear neural network, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a static neural network, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) as a non-linear econometric model and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) as a linear econometric model are applied to forecast the Singaporean Dollar over US Dollar (SGD/U...
In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as ec... more In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as econometric models and non-linear models such as neural networks have been applied. The lack of studies on the application of dynamic networks is the most important motivation of this study. In this paper NNARX as a dynamic non-linear neural network, artificial neural network (ANN) as a static neural network, GARCH as a non-linear econometric model and ARIMA as a linear econometric model are applied to forecast the Singaporean dollar/US dollar (SGD/USD) exchange rate in three time horizons. Comparison of the performance of different models is measured by different criteria. Results reveal that among all models, NNARX outperformed other models and among non-linear models, NNARX outperformed ANN and both outperformed the GARCH model.
International journal of business and social research, Aug 22, 2015
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing consumer’s purchase intenti... more The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing consumer’s purchase intention among younger’s on international branded clothes fashion in Jakarta. Data for this study was collected through self-administered questionnaire and distributed through convenient sampling method. A total of 100 completed and usable questionnaires have been collected. Pearson Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were applied to determine the interrelation of different variables in purchase intention. Findings of this study are limited by the number of respondents, area and location of the study, and absence of other methods to obtain results other than questionnaire. Empirical results show that there is a significant correlation between independent variables (perceived quality, brand image and country of origin) towards the dependent variable (purchase intention). This study is important to the marketers to understand the factors that influence consumers purchase intention. Marketers could also make improvement and strengthen their business based on selected variable to be more competitive.
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research
Background: This study examines the social and financial implications of EU Microfinance Institut... more Background: This study examines the social and financial implications of EU Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in response to the decline in economic activity caused by COVID-19. Method: The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique is used to evaluate such impacts. Results: The empirical results suggest that the pandemic affects MFI's financial efficiency adversely and increases MFI's social efficiency. MFI lending rates show the impact of COVID-19 on MFI efficiency, but the contribution of refinancing rates is negligible. Conclusion: It is found that the pandemic reduces the economic efficiency of MFIs, while improving the social efficiency of MFIs.
International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 2018
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the Ripple Effect of house prices at an inter... more Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the Ripple Effect of house prices at an inter-suburban level of analysis in the Sydney metropolitan area. By doing this, more practical information of price transmission can be provided to improve residential real estate purchasing decisions of market participants. Equity from residential real estate is a major component of household wealth and is frequently used to improve and upgrade homes. With the ever-increasing prices of real estate in Sydney making more efficient purchasing decisions can grow this wealth quicker allowing a household to obtain financial related goals at a quicker pace. Design/methodology/approach Using a two-stage sampling technique strings of adjoining suburbs from different Sydney regions were analysed using a combination of price graphs, Engle–Granger and Johansen co-integration techniques and Granger causality tests. Findings Pairwise co-integration was lacking throughout the various suburb strings, where...
The purpose of this study is to identify the negative effects of social network sites such as Fac... more The purpose of this study is to identify the negative effects of social network sites such as Facebook among Asia Pacific University scholars. The researcher, distributed 152 surveys to students of the chosen university to examine and study the negative effects. Electronic communication is emotionally gratifying but how do such technological distraction impact on academic performance? Because of social media platform’s widespread adoption by university students, there is an interest in how Facebook is related to academic performance. This paper measure frequency of use, participation in activities and time spent preparing for class, in order to know if Facebook affects the performance of students. Moreover, the impact of social network site on academic performance also raised another major concern which is health. Today social network sites are running the future and carrier of students. Social network sites were only an electronic connection between users, but unfortunately it has ...
ERN: Other Macroeconomics: National Income & Product Accounts (Topic), 2020
This article examines the effects of regional trade agreements. The augmented gravity model of in... more This article examines the effects of regional trade agreements. The augmented gravity model of international trade is used to test for trade creation and diversion in the context of trade agreements in the Asia‐Pacific region. The results of the estimated model indicate that trade has increased among the members of AFTA and APTA but not among the AANZFTA members. Differences in the levels of development appear to have a significant impact on trade flows, suggesting that there can be no general presumption about the extent of trade creation and trade diversion.
Economic integration is a process that aims to reduce barriers that exist in economic, social, an... more Economic integration is a process that aims to reduce barriers that exist in economic, social, and cultural affairs between countries. Integration in its current format has risen significantly since the 1980s, when several trade agreements were made to facilitate collaboration between developed and developing countries. However, there is a need to measure outcomes and understand the phenomena of integration in various respects besides the economic perspective. The idea of tighter economic integration in Eurasia is gaining attraction, largely based on the experiences of other regional economic integration projects, such as NAFTA, the EU, CEMAC, and ASEAN. The economic integration of Eurasian states has been an issue for policymakers over the last two decades. Efforts have been made to promote initiatives to integrate these countries through creating a custom union and facilitating labour and capital mobility, but so far there has not been any attempt to coordinate the monetary polici...
The main objective of this research is to make an assessment of the symmetry/asymmetry of underly... more The main objective of this research is to make an assessment of the symmetry/asymmetry of underlying macroeconomic shocks in the Eurasia region. A model is developed to distinguish structural global supply shocks, regional supply shocks, and domestic supply shocks using a reduced-form structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). Empirical results reveal that the correlation between domestic and regional shocks, as well as between domestic and global shocks, are clearly divided into two groups of countries: (i) domestic (country-specific) supply shocks are more correlated with global shocks in the European part of the region (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, and Ukraine; with the exception of Mongolia here); and (ii) domestic shocks are mostly correlated with regional shocks in the Central Asian part of the region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan; with the exception of Moldova here). This has implications for the Chinese economy in the region.
The main aim of this paper was to validate the relative price monetary model (RPMM) of exchange r... more The main aim of this paper was to validate the relative price monetary model (RPMM) of exchange rate determination for the Malaysian exchange rate (RM/USD) using monthly data set from 1986-2010. The Johansen multivariate cointegration test and vector error correction model were employed. Because the time period under consideration includes the South East Asian financial crisis, the analysis is done using two time periods; the full time period as well as the period after the crisis. Two interesting results were observed from this empirical exercise. First, there is a long-run relationship between exchange rate and the selected macro variables only for the period after the crisis. Second, the forecasting performance of monetary approach based on the error correction model outperformed the Random Walk model.
need of exchange rate forecasting in order to prevent its disruptive fluctuations has encouraged ... more need of exchange rate forecasting in order to prevent its disruptive fluctuations has encouraged the monetary policy makers and economists for many years to find a powerful method to predict it. The determinants of exchange rate make its behavior to be complex, volatile and non-linear. In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as econometric models and non-linear models such as neural networks have been applied. The lack of studies on the application of dynamic networks is the most important motivation of this study. In this paper Neural Network Autoregressive with Exogenous Input (NNARX) as a dynamic non-linear neural network, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a static neural network, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) as a non-linear econometric model and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) as a linear econometric model are applied to forecast the Singaporean Dollar over US Dollar (SGD/U...
In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as ec... more In most of the studies done by researchers for exchange rate prediction, linear models such as econometric models and non-linear models such as neural networks have been applied. The lack of studies on the application of dynamic networks is the most important motivation of this study. In this paper NNARX as a dynamic non-linear neural network, artificial neural network (ANN) as a static neural network, GARCH as a non-linear econometric model and ARIMA as a linear econometric model are applied to forecast the Singaporean dollar/US dollar (SGD/USD) exchange rate in three time horizons. Comparison of the performance of different models is measured by different criteria. Results reveal that among all models, NNARX outperformed other models and among non-linear models, NNARX outperformed ANN and both outperformed the GARCH model.
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Papers by Behrooz Gharleghi