Geological Society, London, Special Publications, May 13, 2022
The inundated Doggerland in the North Sea Basin has been a coveted research target for many years... more The inundated Doggerland in the North Sea Basin has been a coveted research target for many years owing to its key location with respect to geological evolution since the last glaciation and its archaeological potential related to prehistoric hunter–gatherer populations. Still, many uncertainties related to glacial and sea-level forcing on erosion and deposition remain, and the first discovery of submerged settlements is yet to be reported. In this study, we present a range of seismic morphologies and facies characteristic for the late glacial and Holocene succession near a major drainage system at the eastern Dogger Bank. Five of these facies are dominant in the area while two facies can be associated with a terrestrial–fluvial landscape buried 0–22 m below the seafloor. We detect various erosion levels of the terrestrial–fluvial landscape that are greatest towards the south where sediment has been removed, probably owing to combined terrestrial–fluvial and marine erosion. We find that five subareas show geo-archaeological potential in terms of (1) the preservation degree of terrestrial strata based on erosion estimates, (2) the accessibility of terrestrial strata based on burial depths and (3) the palaeolandscape configuration based on the spatial setting in relation to the drainage system and the palaeocoastlines. We further document a geological evolution of the study area, which is comparable with the evolution at the western Dogger Bank. However, we find more evidence for an extended flooding period because of the vicinity to the major drainage system and the Elbe Paleo Valley. We propose that our approach can be used as a workflow for marine investigations that focus on submerged hunter–gatherer heritage.
<p>The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) faculties in... more <p>The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) faculties in Denmark suffer from a dearth of women in tenured positions. This is particularly the case for the geosciences in spite of a seemingly equal distribution of men and women graduating in geoscience.</p><p>In this presentation, we highlight the disparities and processes that hinder women from progressing in an academic career in the geosciences in Denmark. We have collected data from Geocenter Denmark that comprises three institutions, Institute for Geoscience, University of Aarhus, Institute for Geoscience and Natural Resources, University of Copenhagen and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. The data include information on all publications from 2018-2020 including number of publications per researcher, number of (female) authors per publication, impact factor etc. A detailed study has been performed tracking the publication records of all PhD students employed at Geocenter Denmark from<br>2010-2017. Our data also detail the uptake and graduation of undergraduate, masters and PhD students.</p><p>Our results show that for the last 15 years, an equal number of men and women have graduated with a geoscience degree in Denmark. Similarly, on average an equal number of men and women have been awarded a geoscientific PhD degree.</p><p>Analysis of publications from PhD students reveals disparities between genders. Regardless of gender, PhD students publish on average the same number of first author publications during the early years of their career* but male PhD students have more co-authorships. This suggests that female PhD students are not provided with the same opportunities for networking and co-authorship as their male colleagues.</p><p>This disparity continues on all levels, where more than 1/3 of all publications from Geocenter Denmark have no women on the author list. If the first author is male, the number of publications without any female co-authors further increases. Statistically, the chances of obtaining such a high number of publications without female co-authors by random is practically nil. We argue that mechanisms are in place that exclude women from contributing to and co-authoring studies.</p><p>Number of publications is a key factor in academic hireability and can determine success with career progression, funding applications etc. Our data highlight a structural problem in placing a high emphasis on the number of publications.</p><p><br>Disclaimer: Due to lack of data, we consider only binary gender and thus we cannot represent the true<br>non-binary gender diversity.<br>*here defined as up to and including 3 years after PhD graduation.</p>
<p><span>The Greenland ice sheet&#8217;s response to anthropogenic warming will h... more <p><span>The Greenland ice sheet&#8217;s response to anthropogenic warming will have major consequences for global sea levels but its behavior and stability during past warm intervals is poorly known. To elucidate the long-term behavior of the Greenland ice sheet, high-resolution marine records in ice proximal settings are required. Here we report the first results of a study of a deep-water contourite system on the north-east slope Baffin Bay based on geophysical and shallow core data obtained during two marine expeditions in 2017 and 2019. The contourite drift is incised by channels extending from the slope that is build up by prograding ice stream deposits (Melville Bugt trough-mouth fan). As a result, the contourite system presents a complex architecture. While the mechanisms for deposition and erosion are not yet clear, it is likely that the drift accumulated as a result of interactions between a deep contour current and downslope transport of sediments, presumably of glacigenic origin and therefore constitutes an example of an intertwined contourite-turbidite system. A preliminary age-depth model of the trough-mouth fan evolution indicates that the contourite system began to form during the late Early Pleistocene, possibly around 1 million years ago. The contourite drift is a key target for IODP proposal 909, aimed at unravelling the late Cenozoic evolution of the northern Greenland ice sheet and associated changes in Arctic paleoclimate. Shallow sediment cores from this target area have been retrieved and will be analyzed to generate high-resolution multi-proxy records of ocean circulation and sea-surface conditions including sea ice and paleoproductivity for the late Quaternary-Holocene. </span></p>
This study describes a new type of pockmark association from the Lower Congo Basin offshore West ... more This study describes a new type of pockmark association from the Lower Congo Basin offshore West Africa, consisting of up to 8 stacked paleopockmarks separated by intervals of drape and onlap fill. The stacked paleopockmarks occur within the depocentres of polygonally-faulted Plio-Pleistocene sediments and are distributed evenly in the downslope parts of two salt mini-basins. The majority of the stacked
The North Sea Basin is considered data rich and well understood. Half a century of oil exploratio... more The North Sea Basin is considered data rich and well understood. Half a century of oil exploration and research has resulted in a world-class hydrocarbon province, but the Cenozoic succession still contains many poorly understood structures and deposits. The economically most important of these is arguably the occurrence of numerous oilfields hosted within remobilized and injected sandstones, totalling 100s-1000s of km3 of sand showing geometries typical of igneous intrusions. The occurrence of injected sands in the North Sea has been known for about 2 decades and their significance is steadily gaining recognition among North Sea explorers who recognise the reservoir and trap potential of injected sands and their significance as migration and leakage paths. Meanwhile, researchers are bewildered as to the underlying mechanisms leading to repeated and basin-wide remobilization of such large quantities of sand. This paper documents the stratigraphy, distribution and geometrical characteristics of injected sand occurrences in the North Sea. Seismic-scale sand injectites can be subdivided into those that are visibly attached to their parent sandbody and those that are detached from their parent sand. In all cases, seismic-scale sand injectites form inclined sheets, typically at 15-45 degrees relative to their host strata and between 100-300 m in height.
The size of the last glacial ice sheet on the Northeast (NE) Greenland shelf and its interaction ... more The size of the last glacial ice sheet on the Northeast (NE) Greenland shelf and its interaction with ocean circulation have been the subject of debate. Here we provide insights into the extent of the ice sheet around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and investigate timing and strength of changes in the flow of Atlantic Water. The study is based on a multiproxy investigation of a marine sediment core, gravity core DA17‐NG‐ST01‐019G, from 323‐m water depth at the NE Greenland shelf edge at 79.4°N. We present benthic and planktic foraminiferal distribution data, AMS‐14C dates, sedimentological (ice‐rafted debris (IRD) and grain sizes), and geochemical (XRF) data in combination with geophysical (sub‐bottom profiler) data. The oldest sediments at the study site are dated to 25.5–17.5 ka, encompassing the time frame from the beginning of the LGM to the early deglaciation. This part is overlain by sediments from the late deglaciation and Holocene. The deposits dating from the LGM are very r...
The spatial extent and quality of seismic and subsurface datasets have substantially improved in ... more The spatial extent and quality of seismic and subsurface datasets have substantially improved in recent years due to traditional hydrocarbon activities and the emergence of green technologies like offshore wind. This Special Publication investigates the opportunities for (re)investigating past environments using seismic geomorphology and its integration with other datasets.
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, May 13, 2022
The inundated Doggerland in the North Sea Basin has been a coveted research target for many years... more The inundated Doggerland in the North Sea Basin has been a coveted research target for many years owing to its key location with respect to geological evolution since the last glaciation and its archaeological potential related to prehistoric hunter–gatherer populations. Still, many uncertainties related to glacial and sea-level forcing on erosion and deposition remain, and the first discovery of submerged settlements is yet to be reported. In this study, we present a range of seismic morphologies and facies characteristic for the late glacial and Holocene succession near a major drainage system at the eastern Dogger Bank. Five of these facies are dominant in the area while two facies can be associated with a terrestrial–fluvial landscape buried 0–22 m below the seafloor. We detect various erosion levels of the terrestrial–fluvial landscape that are greatest towards the south where sediment has been removed, probably owing to combined terrestrial–fluvial and marine erosion. We find that five subareas show geo-archaeological potential in terms of (1) the preservation degree of terrestrial strata based on erosion estimates, (2) the accessibility of terrestrial strata based on burial depths and (3) the palaeolandscape configuration based on the spatial setting in relation to the drainage system and the palaeocoastlines. We further document a geological evolution of the study area, which is comparable with the evolution at the western Dogger Bank. However, we find more evidence for an extended flooding period because of the vicinity to the major drainage system and the Elbe Paleo Valley. We propose that our approach can be used as a workflow for marine investigations that focus on submerged hunter–gatherer heritage.
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) faculties in... more &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) faculties in Denmark suffer from a dearth of women in tenured positions. This is particularly the case for the geosciences in spite of a seemingly equal distribution of men and women graduating in geoscience.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In this presentation, we highlight the disparities and processes that hinder women from progressing in an academic career in the geosciences in Denmark. We have collected data from Geocenter Denmark that comprises three institutions, Institute for Geoscience, University of Aarhus, Institute for Geoscience and Natural Resources, University of Copenhagen and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. The data include information on all publications from 2018-2020 including number of publications per researcher, number of (female) authors per publication, impact factor etc. A detailed study has been performed tracking the publication records of all PhD students employed at Geocenter Denmark from&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;2010-2017. Our data also detail the uptake and graduation of undergraduate, masters and PhD students.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Our results show that for the last 15 years, an equal number of men and women have graduated with a geoscience degree in Denmark. Similarly, on average an equal number of men and women have been awarded a geoscientific PhD degree.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Analysis of publications from PhD students reveals disparities between genders. Regardless of gender, PhD students publish on average the same number of first author publications during the early years of their career* but male PhD students have more co-authorships. This suggests that female PhD students are not provided with the same opportunities for networking and co-authorship as their male colleagues.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This disparity continues on all levels, where more than 1/3 of all publications from Geocenter Denmark have no women on the author list. If the first author is male, the number of publications without any female co-authors further increases. Statistically, the chances of obtaining such a high number of publications without female co-authors by random is practically nil. We argue that mechanisms are in place that exclude women from contributing to and co-authoring studies.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Number of publications is a key factor in academic hireability and can determine success with career progression, funding applications etc. Our data highlight a structural problem in placing a high emphasis on the number of publications.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Disclaimer: Due to lack of data, we consider only binary gender and thus we cannot represent the true&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;non-binary gender diversity.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;*here defined as up to and including 3 years after PhD graduation.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
<p><span>The Greenland ice sheet&#8217;s response to anthropogenic warming will h... more <p><span>The Greenland ice sheet&#8217;s response to anthropogenic warming will have major consequences for global sea levels but its behavior and stability during past warm intervals is poorly known. To elucidate the long-term behavior of the Greenland ice sheet, high-resolution marine records in ice proximal settings are required. Here we report the first results of a study of a deep-water contourite system on the north-east slope Baffin Bay based on geophysical and shallow core data obtained during two marine expeditions in 2017 and 2019. The contourite drift is incised by channels extending from the slope that is build up by prograding ice stream deposits (Melville Bugt trough-mouth fan). As a result, the contourite system presents a complex architecture. While the mechanisms for deposition and erosion are not yet clear, it is likely that the drift accumulated as a result of interactions between a deep contour current and downslope transport of sediments, presumably of glacigenic origin and therefore constitutes an example of an intertwined contourite-turbidite system. A preliminary age-depth model of the trough-mouth fan evolution indicates that the contourite system began to form during the late Early Pleistocene, possibly around 1 million years ago. The contourite drift is a key target for IODP proposal 909, aimed at unravelling the late Cenozoic evolution of the northern Greenland ice sheet and associated changes in Arctic paleoclimate. Shallow sediment cores from this target area have been retrieved and will be analyzed to generate high-resolution multi-proxy records of ocean circulation and sea-surface conditions including sea ice and paleoproductivity for the late Quaternary-Holocene. </span></p>
This study describes a new type of pockmark association from the Lower Congo Basin offshore West ... more This study describes a new type of pockmark association from the Lower Congo Basin offshore West Africa, consisting of up to 8 stacked paleopockmarks separated by intervals of drape and onlap fill. The stacked paleopockmarks occur within the depocentres of polygonally-faulted Plio-Pleistocene sediments and are distributed evenly in the downslope parts of two salt mini-basins. The majority of the stacked
The North Sea Basin is considered data rich and well understood. Half a century of oil exploratio... more The North Sea Basin is considered data rich and well understood. Half a century of oil exploration and research has resulted in a world-class hydrocarbon province, but the Cenozoic succession still contains many poorly understood structures and deposits. The economically most important of these is arguably the occurrence of numerous oilfields hosted within remobilized and injected sandstones, totalling 100s-1000s of km3 of sand showing geometries typical of igneous intrusions. The occurrence of injected sands in the North Sea has been known for about 2 decades and their significance is steadily gaining recognition among North Sea explorers who recognise the reservoir and trap potential of injected sands and their significance as migration and leakage paths. Meanwhile, researchers are bewildered as to the underlying mechanisms leading to repeated and basin-wide remobilization of such large quantities of sand. This paper documents the stratigraphy, distribution and geometrical characteristics of injected sand occurrences in the North Sea. Seismic-scale sand injectites can be subdivided into those that are visibly attached to their parent sandbody and those that are detached from their parent sand. In all cases, seismic-scale sand injectites form inclined sheets, typically at 15-45 degrees relative to their host strata and between 100-300 m in height.
The size of the last glacial ice sheet on the Northeast (NE) Greenland shelf and its interaction ... more The size of the last glacial ice sheet on the Northeast (NE) Greenland shelf and its interaction with ocean circulation have been the subject of debate. Here we provide insights into the extent of the ice sheet around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and investigate timing and strength of changes in the flow of Atlantic Water. The study is based on a multiproxy investigation of a marine sediment core, gravity core DA17‐NG‐ST01‐019G, from 323‐m water depth at the NE Greenland shelf edge at 79.4°N. We present benthic and planktic foraminiferal distribution data, AMS‐14C dates, sedimentological (ice‐rafted debris (IRD) and grain sizes), and geochemical (XRF) data in combination with geophysical (sub‐bottom profiler) data. The oldest sediments at the study site are dated to 25.5–17.5 ka, encompassing the time frame from the beginning of the LGM to the early deglaciation. This part is overlain by sediments from the late deglaciation and Holocene. The deposits dating from the LGM are very r...
The spatial extent and quality of seismic and subsurface datasets have substantially improved in ... more The spatial extent and quality of seismic and subsurface datasets have substantially improved in recent years due to traditional hydrocarbon activities and the emergence of green technologies like offshore wind. This Special Publication investigates the opportunities for (re)investigating past environments using seismic geomorphology and its integration with other datasets.
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Papers by Katrine J Andresen