This paper investigates thermal overloading, voltage dips and insulation failure across a distrib... more This paper investigates thermal overloading, voltage dips and insulation failure across a distribution transformer (DT), under residential and battery electric vehicle (BEV) loadings. The objective of this paper is to discuss the charging impact of BEVs on voltage across consumer-service points, as well as across the life of paper insulation under varying ambient temperatures (during winter and summer), with and without a centralized battery energy storage system (BESS). This study contributes in two ways. The first part of this study deals with coordinated and uncoordinated BEV charging scenarios. The second part of this study deals with maximum utilization of a test DT rated under dynamic thermal rating (DRoDT). The DRoDT integration with BESS is carried out to flatten the load spikes, to obtain maximum DT utilization, to achieve active power and voltage supports in addition to an enhanced DT lifespan. The obtained results indicate that, when test DT operates under the proposed hy...
... Systems Anurag K. Srivastava, Ramon Zamora, Noel N. Schulz, Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar, andVino... more ... Systems Anurag K. Srivastava, Ramon Zamora, Noel N. Schulz, Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar, andVinoth M. Mohan* Abstract. ... Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar Schweitzer Engineering Lab, Pullman, WA Vinoth M. Mohan AREVA T&D, Redmond, WA Page 2. 2 AK Srivastava et al. ...
ABSTRACT This paper presents a multi-agent system for realtime operation of simulated microgrid u... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a multi-agent system for realtime operation of simulated microgrid using the Smart-Grid Test Bed at Washington State University. The multi-agent system (MAS) was developed in JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment Framework) which is a Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) compliant open source multi-agent platform. The proposed operational strategy is mainly focused on using an appropriate energy management and control strategies to improve the operation of an islanded microgrid, formed by photovoltaic (PV) solar energy, batteries and resistive and rotating machines loads. The focus is on resource management and to avoid impact on loads from abrupt variations or interruption that changes the operating conditions. The management and control of the PV system is performed in JADE, while the microgrid model is simulated in RSCAD/RTDS (Real-Time Digital Simulator). Finally, the outcome of simulation studies demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed multi-agent approach for real-time operation of a microgrid.
ABSTRACT Microgrids with renewable distributed generation and energy storage offer sustainable en... more ABSTRACT Microgrids with renewable distributed generation and energy storage offer sustainable energy solutions. To maintain the availability of energy to the connected loads, considering priority and to interrupt the smallest portion of the microgrid under any abnormal conditions, reconfiguration is critical to restore service to a section or to meet some operational requirements of dropping minimum loads. Reconfiguration is the process of modifying the microgrid’s topological structure by changing the status (open/close) of the circuit breakers or switches. In this work, constraints are the power balance equation and power generation limits, and we assumed that the system is designed with the entire planning and operational control criterion to meet the voltage violation and line overloading constraints. This paper offers novel real-time implementation of intelligent algorithm for microgrid reconfiguration. Intelligent algorithm is based on the genetic algorithms and has been tested on two test systems including shipboard power system and modified Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) microgrid. Real-time test bed utilizes real-time digital simulator and commercial real-time controllers from Schweitzer Engineering Lab. Reconfiguration algorithm has been implemented in the real time using real-time test bed, e.g., microgrid system, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Penetration of distributed generation (DG) has significantly increased over the last few decades.... more Penetration of distributed generation (DG) has significantly increased over the last few decades. Several states in USA have set their own target to meet significant percentage of DG penetration over the years. These requirements will have impacts on grid reliability and operational requirements given inherent intermittency for some of the DG. Energy storage integrated with DG has been proposed as a solution by several researchers to provide greater levels of flexibility and reliability. Energy storage will have impact on electric grid in several other ways including stability. This work addresses the impact of DG with storage on transient stability of the electric grid system. DG based on wind energy and biomass have been modeled based on synchronous and induction generators. Wind based DG has been modeled as both the fixed and variable speed wind energy farms. Battery and ultra-capacitor have been modeled as storage with suitable power electronics interface. MATLAB/ Simulink and PSS/E have been used as a tool for this study. Transient stability of the test systems has been assessed for different types and locations of faults as well as for different penetration levels of the DGs, with and without the energy storage devices. Transient stability have been analyzed in terms of generator rotor speed deviation, rotor angle and terminal voltage of the DGs. Results indicate that the presence of DGs and storage devices enhances the transient stability of the system in most of the cases. This work also identifies the lack of dynamic model for storage in most of the commercial available tools.
This paper investigates thermal overloading, voltage dips and insulation failure across a distrib... more This paper investigates thermal overloading, voltage dips and insulation failure across a distribution transformer (DT), under residential and battery electric vehicle (BEV) loadings. The objective of this paper is to discuss the charging impact of BEVs on voltage across consumer-service points, as well as across the life of paper insulation under varying ambient temperatures (during winter and summer), with and without a centralized battery energy storage system (BESS). This study contributes in two ways. The first part of this study deals with coordinated and uncoordinated BEV charging scenarios. The second part of this study deals with maximum utilization of a test DT rated under dynamic thermal rating (DRoDT). The DRoDT integration with BESS is carried out to flatten the load spikes, to obtain maximum DT utilization, to achieve active power and voltage supports in addition to an enhanced DT lifespan. The obtained results indicate that, when test DT operates under the proposed hy...
... Systems Anurag K. Srivastava, Ramon Zamora, Noel N. Schulz, Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar, andVino... more ... Systems Anurag K. Srivastava, Ramon Zamora, Noel N. Schulz, Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar, andVinoth M. Mohan* Abstract. ... Krishnanjan G. Ravikumar Schweitzer Engineering Lab, Pullman, WA Vinoth M. Mohan AREVA T&D, Redmond, WA Page 2. 2 AK Srivastava et al. ...
ABSTRACT This paper presents a multi-agent system for realtime operation of simulated microgrid u... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a multi-agent system for realtime operation of simulated microgrid using the Smart-Grid Test Bed at Washington State University. The multi-agent system (MAS) was developed in JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment Framework) which is a Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA) compliant open source multi-agent platform. The proposed operational strategy is mainly focused on using an appropriate energy management and control strategies to improve the operation of an islanded microgrid, formed by photovoltaic (PV) solar energy, batteries and resistive and rotating machines loads. The focus is on resource management and to avoid impact on loads from abrupt variations or interruption that changes the operating conditions. The management and control of the PV system is performed in JADE, while the microgrid model is simulated in RSCAD/RTDS (Real-Time Digital Simulator). Finally, the outcome of simulation studies demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed multi-agent approach for real-time operation of a microgrid.
ABSTRACT Microgrids with renewable distributed generation and energy storage offer sustainable en... more ABSTRACT Microgrids with renewable distributed generation and energy storage offer sustainable energy solutions. To maintain the availability of energy to the connected loads, considering priority and to interrupt the smallest portion of the microgrid under any abnormal conditions, reconfiguration is critical to restore service to a section or to meet some operational requirements of dropping minimum loads. Reconfiguration is the process of modifying the microgrid’s topological structure by changing the status (open/close) of the circuit breakers or switches. In this work, constraints are the power balance equation and power generation limits, and we assumed that the system is designed with the entire planning and operational control criterion to meet the voltage violation and line overloading constraints. This paper offers novel real-time implementation of intelligent algorithm for microgrid reconfiguration. Intelligent algorithm is based on the genetic algorithms and has been tested on two test systems including shipboard power system and modified Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) microgrid. Real-time test bed utilizes real-time digital simulator and commercial real-time controllers from Schweitzer Engineering Lab. Reconfiguration algorithm has been implemented in the real time using real-time test bed, e.g., microgrid system, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Penetration of distributed generation (DG) has significantly increased over the last few decades.... more Penetration of distributed generation (DG) has significantly increased over the last few decades. Several states in USA have set their own target to meet significant percentage of DG penetration over the years. These requirements will have impacts on grid reliability and operational requirements given inherent intermittency for some of the DG. Energy storage integrated with DG has been proposed as a solution by several researchers to provide greater levels of flexibility and reliability. Energy storage will have impact on electric grid in several other ways including stability. This work addresses the impact of DG with storage on transient stability of the electric grid system. DG based on wind energy and biomass have been modeled based on synchronous and induction generators. Wind based DG has been modeled as both the fixed and variable speed wind energy farms. Battery and ultra-capacitor have been modeled as storage with suitable power electronics interface. MATLAB/ Simulink and PSS/E have been used as a tool for this study. Transient stability of the test systems has been assessed for different types and locations of faults as well as for different penetration levels of the DGs, with and without the energy storage devices. Transient stability have been analyzed in terms of generator rotor speed deviation, rotor angle and terminal voltage of the DGs. Results indicate that the presence of DGs and storage devices enhances the transient stability of the system in most of the cases. This work also identifies the lack of dynamic model for storage in most of the commercial available tools.
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Papers by Ramon Zamora