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social-capitalとperformance-bondに関するnabinnoのブックマーク (2)
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nabinno 2013/01/29
- public-works
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- performance-bond
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- social-capital
リンク -
公共事業 - Wikipedia
国民生活に役立つように政府・地方政府などが行う事業のことを、公共事業という[1]。民間需要が落ち込む不況のときに、有効需要を創出し、景気を押し上げるという伝統的な経済政策の一つでもある[1]。建設国債を利用して行われる事業もある。また、将来的に国益となると見込まれるものに税金を投入することを、公共投資という[2]。 高速道路・鉄道などの社会資本といった、民間に任せていては最適量までの生産が行われないという市場の失敗が起きる公共財の生産を行うことが目的である。インフラストラクチャー（社会資本）整備そのものの意味で用いられる（故に公共工事と同一視される）ことが多いが、本来は経済学及び政治学における概念である。 市場経済のみでは供給が困難と考えられる不特定多数が利用する社会資本の整備を行うことにより、地域に直接的・間接的な経済効果が期待できるとされている。 失業を削減するために、公共事業を増やし
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