抜き打ちテストのパラドックス（ぬきうちテストのパラドックス）は「未来」が関わるパラドックスである。「未来の予測できない時に起こる」けども「いつまでに起きるかという期限は決まっている」という事象は、後者の制限の存在によって、そもそも「予測できない時に起こる事象」と言えなくなるのではないか、というものである。死刑囚のパラドックスあるいは予期しない絞首刑のパラドックスとも呼ばれる。 次のような事例として紹介されることが多い。 ある教師が、学生たちの前で次のように予告した。 来週の月曜日から金曜日までのいずれかの日にテストを1回行う。 抜き打ちテストであり、テストが行われる日がいつかはわからない。 これを聞いたある学生は、以下の推論の結果｢抜き打ちテストは不可能である｣という結論に達した。 まず、金曜日に抜き打ちテストがあると仮定する。すると、月曜日から木曜日まで抜き打ちテストがないことになるから
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syque 2011/08/24
「来週の月曜日から金曜日までのいずれかの日に抜き打ちテストを行う。ただし金曜日の場合はただのテストである。」- logic
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