Language can be used to express positive thoughts and reflect positive perceptions of others. Lan... more Language can be used to express positive thoughts and reflect positive perceptions of others. Language, on the other hand, might do the opposite. Hate speech is the language directed at a particular group of people. It incites hostility, violence, or discrimination against others based on a difference in race, religion, or gender, among others. People have become more interested in hate speech due to its impact on individuals and societies. It is argued that hate speech is common in American animated movies that are produced for the young and children. This renders such a phenomenon more dangerous. This study aims to answer the following questions: What are the motivations that incite hate speech in three different American animated movies? What are the pragmatic strategies used to convey it in the data under scrutiny? Which of these pragmatic strategies are the most prevalent? And has hate speech changed in terms of its motivations and pragmatic manifestation through time? This stu...
Parents are supposed to be responsible for the education of their children. However, other source... more Parents are supposed to be responsible for the education of their children. However, other sources of information participate in this challenging mission. Technological advancements, media, friends, and schoolmates have a significant effect on how our sons think or behave. Hence, it becomes crucial for parents to consider how to approach or deal with them. The way parents give instructions to sons concerning their daily routines of educational, moral, and health care practices is of great importance. This paper aims to find out how educated Iraqi parents give instructions to their sons. The study identifies the pragma-stylistic devices that characterize Iraqi parental instructions. It attempts to specify which speech act is most dominant in parental instructions and if politeness strategies are adhered to or not. Twenty Iraqi parents who have a degree in the English language participated in this research work. A questionnaire of ten different scenarios concerning some basic daily in...
Narcissism is a complicated phenomenon that can be reflected in the narcissist’s language. Invest... more Narcissism is a complicated phenomenon that can be reflected in the narcissist’s language. Investigating narcissism in terms of linguistics, and pragmatics in particular, does not seem to have been given its due attention, as this study reveals. Thus, this study is an endeavor to discover how narcissism is reflected in the American movie Big Eyes (2014). It is known for introducing narcissistic behaviors. This paper aims to identify the types, motivations, and pragmatic manifestations of narcissism in the selected movie. Three pragmatic theories are chosen to scrutinize narcissism in the data: Searle’s speech acts (1969), Grice’s maxims breaching (1975), and Culppeper’s impoliteness (1996). To cope with the nature of the data and the aims of the study, an analytical framework that embraces three layers has been designed. These are the types, motivations, and pragmatic strategies of narcissism. Upon analyzing the data, the study concludes that exhibitionist narcissism abounds in the ...
Journal of the College of Education for Women, 2020
Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time,... more Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time, place, motives, and backgrounds; among others. It seems, however, to have deep roots back in the history of mankind. Such a concept stems from a perceived difference with the other. It is fed by the feeling of being hierarchically superior in opposition to another party that is depicted as inferior. Since ancient times, racism is disguised in different forms and manifests itself on various levels. It is a truism that this ideology can be best presented via language. Due to its negative implication, racism lends itself to a critical kind of research. As such, this paper is a critical pragmatic investigation for this phenomenon as conceptualized in the Glorious Quran. Critical pragmatics focuses on how the pragmatic theories scrutinize the reflection of a negative issue in language where aspects of power or ideology are highlighted. These theories, in turn, provide the pragmatic strategi...
Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time,... more Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time, place, motives, and backgrounds; among others. It seems, however, to have deep roots back in the history of mankind. Such a concept stems from a perceived difference with the other. It is fed by the feeling of being hierarchically superior in opposition to another party that is depicted as inferior. Since ancient times, racism is disguised in different forms and manifests itself on various levels. It is a truism that this ideology can be best presented via language. Due to its negative implication, racism lends itself to a critical kind of research. As such, this paper is a critical pragmatic investigation for this phenomenon as conceptualized in the Glorious Quran. Critical pragmatics focuses on how the pragmatic theories scrutinize the reflection of a negative issue in language where aspects of power or ideology are highlighted. These theories, in turn, provide the pragmatic strategies that underpin the illegitimate issue under investigation. This paper sets for itself the task of answering these questions: How is racism manifested in the Glorious Quran by the unbelievers? What are the pragmatic theories that are utilized to impart this notion? It aims at finding out the manifestations of racist ideology in the Glorious Quran and discovering the pragmatic theories utilized to convey racism. It is hypothesized that racism is realized explicitly and implicitly. Basic pragmatic theories are utilized to convey it such as referencing or speech acts. A number of racist utterances in the Glorious Quran are fetched to be under scrutiny. The analysis verifies the set hypotheses. It is hopeful that this study is beneficial to those interested in linguistics and religious studies.
مجلة العميد مجلة فصلية محكمة تعنى بالابحاث والدراسات الإنسانية
The sermon of Fatima Al-Zahra on her confiscated inheritance is characterized by a highly elevate... more The sermon of Fatima Al-Zahra on her confiscated inheritance is characterized by a highly elevated language. Moreover, it bears religious, political and moral implications. The choice of words and the way messages composed usually affect how they are conveyed and received. The more proper the words and structures are, the more effective the message is. However, it is not true that the sermon did not change anything after being delivered. The power of this sermon, nevertheless, is constantly everlasting for all people in all ages. Here lies the rationale behind scrutinizing it in terms of the linguistic perspectives. Accordingly, this study sets for itself the task of answering the following question: What are the linguistic features that characterize this sermon of Al-Zahra (peace be upon her)? The aim is to identify the different linguistic levels of this piece of discourse in terms of semantics, pragmatics, stylistics and rhetorics. It is hypothesized that this sermon is cohe...
People are supposed to use language harmoniously and compatibly. However, aggression may characte... more People are supposed to use language harmoniously and compatibly. However, aggression may characterize much of human communication. Aggression has long been recognized as a negative anti-social issue that prevails in most personal interactions. If it abounds in familial communications, it is more dangerous due to its harmful effects on individuals, and consequently on societies. Aggression refers to all the instances in which we try to get our way without any consideration for others. Moriarty’s novel (2014), Big Little Lies, is argued to represent the patterns of aggressive communications. This study aims to find out the motivations behind aggressive language in familial communication in this best-seller novel. It aims to identify the pragmatic strategies that are utilized to convey aggression in the data under scrutiny. As aggression is a critical social issue, it is studied in terms of the critical pragmatic paradigm. It is hypothesized that aggression is motivated by psychologica...
Sexism is an act of discrimination against women as being different in a hierarchical level of su... more Sexism is an act of discrimination against women as being different in a hierarchical level of superiority. It is a product of the dominant patriarchal ideologies. Such an act may appear in behaviours or practices the best illustration of which is by means of language. Under the umbrella of critical studies, critical pragmatics can unravel aspects of language abuse rather than language use. In this approach, the pragmatic theories are put under scrutiny to lay bare the hidden relations of power, ideology or dominance. In fact, the eclecticism between pragmatics and criticality has been first suggested by Mey (2001) who emphasizes the critical potential of pragmatics in linguistic analysis to unveil the social functioning of language. This study sets for itself the task of investigating sexism as a critical phenomenon in the political domain owing to the fact that it has not received its due attention within this approach. Precisely, it concerns itself with the manifestations of the ...
The present paper investigates the performance of the Iraqi students for the speech act of correc... more The present paper investigates the performance of the Iraqi students for the speech act of correction and how is it realized with status unequal. It attempts to achieve the following aims: (1) Setting out the felicity conditions for the speech act of correction in terms of Searle’ conditions. (2) Identifying the semantic formulas that realize the speech act of correction in the performance of the Iraqi learners of English as a foreign language. (3) Finding out if those students are aware of the role of status inequality in issuing speech acts. To achieve the aims of this study, it is hypothesized that: (1) Different formulas are utilized by students to accomplish the speech act of correction. (2) Iraqi EFL students are aware of the power-status perspective in their interactions. The following procedures have been followed: (1) Reviewing the literature about speech act theory along with the notion of politeness. (2) Developing a discourse completion test to elicit the speech act of c...
Language can be used to express positive thoughts and reflect positive perceptions of others. Lan... more Language can be used to express positive thoughts and reflect positive perceptions of others. Language, on the other hand, might do the opposite. Hate speech is the language directed at a particular group of people. It incites hostility, violence, or discrimination against others based on a difference in race, religion, or gender, among others. People have become more interested in hate speech due to its impact on individuals and societies. It is argued that hate speech is common in American animated movies that are produced for the young and children. This renders such a phenomenon more dangerous. This study aims to answer the following questions: What are the motivations that incite hate speech in three different American animated movies? What are the pragmatic strategies used to convey it in the data under scrutiny? Which of these pragmatic strategies are the most prevalent? And has hate speech changed in terms of its motivations and pragmatic manifestation through time? This stu...
Parents are supposed to be responsible for the education of their children. However, other source... more Parents are supposed to be responsible for the education of their children. However, other sources of information participate in this challenging mission. Technological advancements, media, friends, and schoolmates have a significant effect on how our sons think or behave. Hence, it becomes crucial for parents to consider how to approach or deal with them. The way parents give instructions to sons concerning their daily routines of educational, moral, and health care practices is of great importance. This paper aims to find out how educated Iraqi parents give instructions to their sons. The study identifies the pragma-stylistic devices that characterize Iraqi parental instructions. It attempts to specify which speech act is most dominant in parental instructions and if politeness strategies are adhered to or not. Twenty Iraqi parents who have a degree in the English language participated in this research work. A questionnaire of ten different scenarios concerning some basic daily in...
Narcissism is a complicated phenomenon that can be reflected in the narcissist’s language. Invest... more Narcissism is a complicated phenomenon that can be reflected in the narcissist’s language. Investigating narcissism in terms of linguistics, and pragmatics in particular, does not seem to have been given its due attention, as this study reveals. Thus, this study is an endeavor to discover how narcissism is reflected in the American movie Big Eyes (2014). It is known for introducing narcissistic behaviors. This paper aims to identify the types, motivations, and pragmatic manifestations of narcissism in the selected movie. Three pragmatic theories are chosen to scrutinize narcissism in the data: Searle’s speech acts (1969), Grice’s maxims breaching (1975), and Culppeper’s impoliteness (1996). To cope with the nature of the data and the aims of the study, an analytical framework that embraces three layers has been designed. These are the types, motivations, and pragmatic strategies of narcissism. Upon analyzing the data, the study concludes that exhibitionist narcissism abounds in the ...
Journal of the College of Education for Women, 2020
Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time,... more Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time, place, motives, and backgrounds; among others. It seems, however, to have deep roots back in the history of mankind. Such a concept stems from a perceived difference with the other. It is fed by the feeling of being hierarchically superior in opposition to another party that is depicted as inferior. Since ancient times, racism is disguised in different forms and manifests itself on various levels. It is a truism that this ideology can be best presented via language. Due to its negative implication, racism lends itself to a critical kind of research. As such, this paper is a critical pragmatic investigation for this phenomenon as conceptualized in the Glorious Quran. Critical pragmatics focuses on how the pragmatic theories scrutinize the reflection of a negative issue in language where aspects of power or ideology are highlighted. These theories, in turn, provide the pragmatic strategi...
Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time,... more Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time, place, motives, and backgrounds; among others. It seems, however, to have deep roots back in the history of mankind. Such a concept stems from a perceived difference with the other. It is fed by the feeling of being hierarchically superior in opposition to another party that is depicted as inferior. Since ancient times, racism is disguised in different forms and manifests itself on various levels. It is a truism that this ideology can be best presented via language. Due to its negative implication, racism lends itself to a critical kind of research. As such, this paper is a critical pragmatic investigation for this phenomenon as conceptualized in the Glorious Quran. Critical pragmatics focuses on how the pragmatic theories scrutinize the reflection of a negative issue in language where aspects of power or ideology are highlighted. These theories, in turn, provide the pragmatic strategies that underpin the illegitimate issue under investigation. This paper sets for itself the task of answering these questions: How is racism manifested in the Glorious Quran by the unbelievers? What are the pragmatic theories that are utilized to impart this notion? It aims at finding out the manifestations of racist ideology in the Glorious Quran and discovering the pragmatic theories utilized to convey racism. It is hypothesized that racism is realized explicitly and implicitly. Basic pragmatic theories are utilized to convey it such as referencing or speech acts. A number of racist utterances in the Glorious Quran are fetched to be under scrutiny. The analysis verifies the set hypotheses. It is hopeful that this study is beneficial to those interested in linguistics and religious studies.
مجلة العميد مجلة فصلية محكمة تعنى بالابحاث والدراسات الإنسانية
The sermon of Fatima Al-Zahra on her confiscated inheritance is characterized by a highly elevate... more The sermon of Fatima Al-Zahra on her confiscated inheritance is characterized by a highly elevated language. Moreover, it bears religious, political and moral implications. The choice of words and the way messages composed usually affect how they are conveyed and received. The more proper the words and structures are, the more effective the message is. However, it is not true that the sermon did not change anything after being delivered. The power of this sermon, nevertheless, is constantly everlasting for all people in all ages. Here lies the rationale behind scrutinizing it in terms of the linguistic perspectives. Accordingly, this study sets for itself the task of answering the following question: What are the linguistic features that characterize this sermon of Al-Zahra (peace be upon her)? The aim is to identify the different linguistic levels of this piece of discourse in terms of semantics, pragmatics, stylistics and rhetorics. It is hypothesized that this sermon is cohe...
People are supposed to use language harmoniously and compatibly. However, aggression may characte... more People are supposed to use language harmoniously and compatibly. However, aggression may characterize much of human communication. Aggression has long been recognized as a negative anti-social issue that prevails in most personal interactions. If it abounds in familial communications, it is more dangerous due to its harmful effects on individuals, and consequently on societies. Aggression refers to all the instances in which we try to get our way without any consideration for others. Moriarty’s novel (2014), Big Little Lies, is argued to represent the patterns of aggressive communications. This study aims to find out the motivations behind aggressive language in familial communication in this best-seller novel. It aims to identify the pragmatic strategies that are utilized to convey aggression in the data under scrutiny. As aggression is a critical social issue, it is studied in terms of the critical pragmatic paradigm. It is hypothesized that aggression is motivated by psychologica...
Sexism is an act of discrimination against women as being different in a hierarchical level of su... more Sexism is an act of discrimination against women as being different in a hierarchical level of superiority. It is a product of the dominant patriarchal ideologies. Such an act may appear in behaviours or practices the best illustration of which is by means of language. Under the umbrella of critical studies, critical pragmatics can unravel aspects of language abuse rather than language use. In this approach, the pragmatic theories are put under scrutiny to lay bare the hidden relations of power, ideology or dominance. In fact, the eclecticism between pragmatics and criticality has been first suggested by Mey (2001) who emphasizes the critical potential of pragmatics in linguistic analysis to unveil the social functioning of language. This study sets for itself the task of investigating sexism as a critical phenomenon in the political domain owing to the fact that it has not received its due attention within this approach. Precisely, it concerns itself with the manifestations of the ...
The present paper investigates the performance of the Iraqi students for the speech act of correc... more The present paper investigates the performance of the Iraqi students for the speech act of correction and how is it realized with status unequal. It attempts to achieve the following aims: (1) Setting out the felicity conditions for the speech act of correction in terms of Searle’ conditions. (2) Identifying the semantic formulas that realize the speech act of correction in the performance of the Iraqi learners of English as a foreign language. (3) Finding out if those students are aware of the role of status inequality in issuing speech acts. To achieve the aims of this study, it is hypothesized that: (1) Different formulas are utilized by students to accomplish the speech act of correction. (2) Iraqi EFL students are aware of the power-status perspective in their interactions. The following procedures have been followed: (1) Reviewing the literature about speech act theory along with the notion of politeness. (2) Developing a discourse completion test to elicit the speech act of c...
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