Objectives of this work are to investigate and evaluate antimicrobial, phytochemicals, cytotoxici... more Objectives of this work are to investigate and evaluate antimicrobial, phytochemicals, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of leaves and bark of different extracts of Dalberegia melanoxylon. Methods phytochemical screening and physiochemical properties of the various extracts of Dalberegia melanoxylon leaves and bark were carried out using standard methods. Separation of extracts from the bark, using TLC technique with solvents methanol: ethyl acetate: water was carried out. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was assessed on standard organisms; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Scavenging effect of DPPH radical values of different extracts was used to evaluate the antioxidant activities of these extracts. The obtained results showed that Dalberegia melanoxylon extracts from leaves and bark showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, reducing sugar and glycosides. The plan...
Anopheles mosquitoes of the Funestus group are important vectors of malaria in Africa. Although s... more Anopheles mosquitoes of the Funestus group are important vectors of malaria in Africa. Although species of the group were known to occur in Sudan, there are no published reports on their involvement in malaria transmission. This study was carried out to elucidate the role of species of the Funestus group in malaria transmission in eastern Sudan. A total of 540 mosquitoes morphologically identified as members of the Funestus group were collected by Pyrthrum Spray Catch method from the Tabaldia, Batta and El Rugab villages in Gadaref State, Eastern Sudan during November 1999 – November 2000 and in December 2004 and subjected to species-specific PCR typing. This analysis demonstrated the existence of three An. funestus species in Sudan; namely An. rivulorum Leeson (60% of specimens), An. funestus Giles (29%) and An. leesoni (11%). To investigate the role An. funestus in transmission of malaria parasites a group of 92 females of this species were subjected to Plasmodium species-specific...
The effects of impregnated bednets in the mosquitos’ density and malaria morbidity has been evalu... more The effects of impregnated bednets in the mosquitos’ density and malaria morbidity has been evaluated in area with heterogeneity of malaria vectors and parasites in Tabaldia and Batta villages Eastern Sudan; The density of An. arabiensis, An. funestus and An. rufipes species collected from study area showed significant variation in their numbers (χ2 (P) = 150.98 (<0.001) for Tabaldia; 164.627 (<0.001) for Batta and 310.471 (<0.001) for the total of different Anopheles mosquitoes collected from both study villages. The impact of the impregnated bednets in the density of the two malaria vectors An. arabiensis and An. funestus and their sporozoite infection rates also highly significant different (P< 0.001) between intervention(Tabaldia) and nonintervention (Batta) villages. The prevalence of malaria in the area was estimated as (8.7%, 7.6%) for Tabaldia and (14.7%, 12.6%) for Batta village at the first and second phases of the study respectively. The main predominate malar...
Infectious diseases are one of the most intimidating threats to human race, responsible for an im... more Infectious diseases are one of the most intimidating threats to human race, responsible for an immense burden of disabilities and deaths. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases offers a better understanding of their pathogenesis. According to the World Health Organization, the ideal approach for detecting foreign pathogens should be rapid, specific, sensitive, instrument-free, and cost-effective. Nucleic acid pathogen detection methods, typically PCR, have numerous limitations, such as highly sophisticated equipment requirements, reagents, and trained personnel relying on well-established laboratories, besides being time-consuming.
The novel coronavirus is not only causing respiratory problems, but it may also damage the heart,... more The novel coronavirus is not only causing respiratory problems, but it may also damage the heart, kidneys, liver, and other organs; in Wuhan, 14 to 30% of COVID-19 patients have lost their kidney function and now require either dialysis or kidney transplants. The novel coronavirus gains entry into humans by targeting the ACE2 receptor that found on lung cells, which destroy human lungs through cytokine storms, and this leads to hyperinflammation, forcing the immune cells to destroy healthy cells. This is why some COVID-19 patients need intensive care. The inflammatory chemicals released during COVID-19 infection cause the liver to produce proteins that defend the body from infections. However, these proteins can cause blood clotting, which can clog blood vessels in the heart and other organs; as a result, the organs are deprived of oxygen and nutrients which could ultimately lead to multiorgan failure and consequent progression to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndro...
The novel coronavirus in not only causing respiratory problems, it may also damage the heart, kid... more The novel coronavirus in not only causing respiratory problems, it may also damage the heart, kidneys, liver and other organs; in Wuhan 14 to 30% of COVID-19 patients have lost their kidney function and now require either dialysis or kidney transplants. The novel coronavirus gains entry into humans by targeting ACE2 receptor that found on lung cells, which destroy human lungs through cytokine storms, this leads to hyper-inflammation, forcing the immune cells to destroy healthy cells. This is why some COVID-19 patients need intensive care. The inflammatory chemicals released during COVID-19 infection cause the liver to produce proteins that defend the body from infections. However, these proteins can cause blood clotting, which can clog blood vessels in the heart and other organs; as a result, the organs are deprived from oxygen and nutrients which could ultimately lead to multi-organ failure and subsequent progression to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome and oft...
BackgroundBombali Ebolavirus is RNA viruses belong to the Filoviridae family. They are causing le... more BackgroundBombali Ebolavirus is RNA viruses belong to the Filoviridae family. They are causing lethal hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rate. Despite having available molecular knowledge of this virus, no approved vaccine or antiviral drugs have been developed yet for the eradication of Bombali Ebolavirus infections in humans.Objectivethe present study described a multi epitope-based peptide vaccine against Bombali Ebolavirus matrix protein VP40, using several immunoinformatics tools.Materials and MethodsThe six strains of Ebolavirus were retrieved from NCBI and Uniprot databases and submitted to VaxiJen to identify the most antigenic protein among all. Then PSIPRED, SOPMA, QMEAN, and PROCHECK tools were used to check the protein quality. T-cell prediction, population coverage, and molecular docking analysis were achieved to select peptides containing multiple Bombali VP40 epitopes showing interaction with multiple HLA molecules for expected immune response across the world.Resu...
The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn)... more The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn) roots and phytochemicals as insecticidal (ethyl acetate and methanol) and antidiabetic (ethanolic extract) activities. Physicochemical properties were carried out by using Association of Official Analytical Chemist methods; thin layer chromatography was carried out according to the Stahl method. Larvicidal activity and LD50 were studied against the third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae to detect and extract toxicity. The ethanolic extracts of the roots were orally tested at the dose 200 mg/kg for the hypoglycemic effect on induced hyperglycemia in normal rats, assessed in the ethanol extract, and were compared with diabetic control and standards glibenclamide 10 mg/kg. Physiochemical parameters showed high rate in the nitrogen-free extract (69.6%), curd fiber (14.5%), crude proteins (8.15%), ether extract (3.75%), and both ash and moisture (2%), and high concentrations ...
BackgroundLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer–prone conditions caused by a germline mutation o... more BackgroundLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer–prone conditions caused by a germline mutation of the TP53 gene on chromosome 17p13.1. It has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high penetrance.PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify the high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs in PT53 gene that could be involved in the pathogenesis of Li–Fraumeni syndrome.MethodsThe nsSNPs in the human PT53 gene retrieved from NCBI, were analyzed for their functional and structural consequences using various in silico tools to predict the pathogenicity of each SNP. SIFT, Polyphen, PROVEAN, SNAP2, SNPs&Go, PHD-SNP, and P-Mut were chosen to study the functional inference while I-Mutant 3.0, and MUPro tools were used to test the impact of amino acid substitutions on protein stability by calculating ΔΔG value. The effects of the mutations on 3D structure of the PT53 protein were predicted using RaptorX and visualized by UCSF Chimera.ResultsA total of 845 PT53 nsSNPs were analyzed. Out of 7 nsSNPs...
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 1 (EIEE1) is a rare but devastating neurologic disorder ... more Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 1 (EIEE1) is a rare but devastating neurologic disorder that displays concomitant cognitive and motor impairment, and is often presented in the first months of life with severe intellectual disability. The objective of this study is to classify the most deleterious nsSNPs in ARX gene that may cause EIEE1 disease. Despite the reported association of ARX gene mutations with vulnerability to several neurologic condition, there is lack of in silico analysis on the functional and structural impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ARX at protein level. Therefore, the pathogenic nsSNPs in the human ARX obtained from NCBI were analyzed for their functional and structural impact using bioinformatics tools like SIFT, Polyphen, PROVEAN, I-Mutant, and MUPro. The effects of the mutations on tertiary structure of the human ARX protein were predicted using RaptorX and visualized by UCSF Chimera while STRING was used to investigate its prote...
The Purpose: of this study is to determine the toxicity of Albizia anthelmintica leaves and stem ... more The Purpose: of this study is to determine the toxicity of Albizia anthelmintica leaves and stem bark extracted compounds to some insects. Methods: The phytochemical screening and physiochemical analysis for leaves and stem bark had been carried out by using Standard methods, to study the pharmacological activities of these materials.Results: the findings indicated Albizia anthelmintica leaves powder had significant (p> 0.05) against Tribolium castaneum. Organic extracts of Albizia anthelmintica leaves had toxic effect on Culex quinquefasciatus larve and were effective in reducing the fecundity of Tribolium castaneum adults. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of some secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, coumarin, cardia glycosides and saponins. The results indicated high nutrients like crude fibre levels 16.15% and 9.5% are found in leaves and stems-barks respectively; beside protein level 8.95%, Crude fat level 2.6%, Moist...
This study was carried out in Khartoum state, during November, 2019. Acacia nilotica was chosen f... more This study was carried out in Khartoum state, during November, 2019. Acacia nilotica was chosen for this study because of its using traditionally in treatment of many diseases. The Phytochemical constitutions of A. nilotica were investigated with aim to identify the antimicrobial effects of this plant. The dried fruit cover of Acacia nilotica was extracted successively with petroleum-ether, chloroform, methanol and distilled water. The phytochemical screening carried out on different extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit cover showed high amount of Glycosides, Flavonoids and Terpenoids (in all extracts) and moderate amount of Tannin in methanol and distilled water extracts, Alkaloids (acid and base) in methanol extract and Saponin in methanol and petroleum-ether extracts. The antimicrobial activity of extracts were evaluated against four standard bacteria species (gram positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and (gram negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Esche...
BackgroundNew endemic disease has been spread across Wuhan City, China on December 2019. Within f... more BackgroundNew endemic disease has been spread across Wuhan City, China on December 2019. Within few weeks, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a novel coronavirus designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In late January 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of a “public-health emergency of international concern” due to the rapid and increasing spread of the disease worldwide. Currently, there is no vaccine or approved treatment for this emerging infection; thus the objective of this study is to design a multi epitope peptide vaccine against COVID-19 using immunoinformatics approach.MethodSeveral techniques facilitating the combination of immunoinformatics approach and comparative genomic approach were used in order to determine the potential peptides for designing the T cell epitopes-based peptide vaccine using the envelope protein of 2019-nCoV as a target.ResultsExtensive mutations, insertion and deletion were discovered with comparative sequencing in COVID-19 strain....
This study was carried out in Khartoum State, during December 2017 The plant of Ziziphus spina-ch... more This study was carried out in Khartoum State, during December 2017 The plant of Ziziphus spina-christi belong to family Rhamnaceae and locally known as Cedar, it was chosen for this study because of its using traditionally in treatment of many diseases. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) approach had been used to the dried sample at 170°C to reduce both time and extraction solvent volume, and to decrease the damage of bioactive compounds without extending the period of extraction. 20 g of sample was soaked with Petroleum ether, Ethyl-acetate, ethanol, methanol and distilled water for 72 hour. The extracts were concentrated using rotary evaporator at 40°C and were stored at 4°C. The phytochemical screening were carried out on different extracts of Ziziphus spina-christi stem bark and they showed to contain high amount of Tannins (4+ in all extracts), moderate amount of flavonoids and Triterpenes, trace amount of coumarins and Alkaloids and high amount of Saponins, Anthraquinones and...
BackgroundCancer remains a major public health hazard despite the extensive research over the yea... more BackgroundCancer remains a major public health hazard despite the extensive research over the years on cancer diagnostic and treatment, this is mainly due to the complex pathophysiology and genetic makeup of cancer. A new approach toward cancer treatment is the use of cancer vaccine, yet the different molecular bases of cancers reduce the effectiveness of this approach. In this work we aim to use matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein (MMP9) which is essential molecule in the survival and metastasis of all type of cancer as a target for universal cancer vaccine design.Methodreference sequence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein was obtained from NCBI databases along with the related sequence, which is then checked for conservation using BioEdit, furthermore the B cell and T cell related peptide were analyzed using IEDB website. The best candidate peptide were then visualized using chimera software.ResultThree Peptides found to be good candidate for interactions with B cells (SLPE, RLY...
Objectives of this work are to investigate and evaluate antimicrobial, phytochemicals, cytotoxici... more Objectives of this work are to investigate and evaluate antimicrobial, phytochemicals, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of leaves and bark of different extracts of Dalberegia melanoxylon. Methods phytochemical screening and physiochemical properties of the various extracts of Dalberegia melanoxylon leaves and bark were carried out using standard methods. Separation of extracts from the bark, using TLC technique with solvents methanol: ethyl acetate: water was carried out. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was assessed on standard organisms; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. Scavenging effect of DPPH radical values of different extracts was used to evaluate the antioxidant activities of these extracts. The obtained results showed that Dalberegia melanoxylon extracts from leaves and bark showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, reducing sugar and glycosides. The plan...
Anopheles mosquitoes of the Funestus group are important vectors of malaria in Africa. Although s... more Anopheles mosquitoes of the Funestus group are important vectors of malaria in Africa. Although species of the group were known to occur in Sudan, there are no published reports on their involvement in malaria transmission. This study was carried out to elucidate the role of species of the Funestus group in malaria transmission in eastern Sudan. A total of 540 mosquitoes morphologically identified as members of the Funestus group were collected by Pyrthrum Spray Catch method from the Tabaldia, Batta and El Rugab villages in Gadaref State, Eastern Sudan during November 1999 – November 2000 and in December 2004 and subjected to species-specific PCR typing. This analysis demonstrated the existence of three An. funestus species in Sudan; namely An. rivulorum Leeson (60% of specimens), An. funestus Giles (29%) and An. leesoni (11%). To investigate the role An. funestus in transmission of malaria parasites a group of 92 females of this species were subjected to Plasmodium species-specific...
The effects of impregnated bednets in the mosquitos’ density and malaria morbidity has been evalu... more The effects of impregnated bednets in the mosquitos’ density and malaria morbidity has been evaluated in area with heterogeneity of malaria vectors and parasites in Tabaldia and Batta villages Eastern Sudan; The density of An. arabiensis, An. funestus and An. rufipes species collected from study area showed significant variation in their numbers (χ2 (P) = 150.98 (<0.001) for Tabaldia; 164.627 (<0.001) for Batta and 310.471 (<0.001) for the total of different Anopheles mosquitoes collected from both study villages. The impact of the impregnated bednets in the density of the two malaria vectors An. arabiensis and An. funestus and their sporozoite infection rates also highly significant different (P< 0.001) between intervention(Tabaldia) and nonintervention (Batta) villages. The prevalence of malaria in the area was estimated as (8.7%, 7.6%) for Tabaldia and (14.7%, 12.6%) for Batta village at the first and second phases of the study respectively. The main predominate malar...
Infectious diseases are one of the most intimidating threats to human race, responsible for an im... more Infectious diseases are one of the most intimidating threats to human race, responsible for an immense burden of disabilities and deaths. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases offers a better understanding of their pathogenesis. According to the World Health Organization, the ideal approach for detecting foreign pathogens should be rapid, specific, sensitive, instrument-free, and cost-effective. Nucleic acid pathogen detection methods, typically PCR, have numerous limitations, such as highly sophisticated equipment requirements, reagents, and trained personnel relying on well-established laboratories, besides being time-consuming.
The novel coronavirus is not only causing respiratory problems, but it may also damage the heart,... more The novel coronavirus is not only causing respiratory problems, but it may also damage the heart, kidneys, liver, and other organs; in Wuhan, 14 to 30% of COVID-19 patients have lost their kidney function and now require either dialysis or kidney transplants. The novel coronavirus gains entry into humans by targeting the ACE2 receptor that found on lung cells, which destroy human lungs through cytokine storms, and this leads to hyperinflammation, forcing the immune cells to destroy healthy cells. This is why some COVID-19 patients need intensive care. The inflammatory chemicals released during COVID-19 infection cause the liver to produce proteins that defend the body from infections. However, these proteins can cause blood clotting, which can clog blood vessels in the heart and other organs; as a result, the organs are deprived of oxygen and nutrients which could ultimately lead to multiorgan failure and consequent progression to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndro...
The novel coronavirus in not only causing respiratory problems, it may also damage the heart, kid... more The novel coronavirus in not only causing respiratory problems, it may also damage the heart, kidneys, liver and other organs; in Wuhan 14 to 30% of COVID-19 patients have lost their kidney function and now require either dialysis or kidney transplants. The novel coronavirus gains entry into humans by targeting ACE2 receptor that found on lung cells, which destroy human lungs through cytokine storms, this leads to hyper-inflammation, forcing the immune cells to destroy healthy cells. This is why some COVID-19 patients need intensive care. The inflammatory chemicals released during COVID-19 infection cause the liver to produce proteins that defend the body from infections. However, these proteins can cause blood clotting, which can clog blood vessels in the heart and other organs; as a result, the organs are deprived from oxygen and nutrients which could ultimately lead to multi-organ failure and subsequent progression to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome and oft...
BackgroundBombali Ebolavirus is RNA viruses belong to the Filoviridae family. They are causing le... more BackgroundBombali Ebolavirus is RNA viruses belong to the Filoviridae family. They are causing lethal hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rate. Despite having available molecular knowledge of this virus, no approved vaccine or antiviral drugs have been developed yet for the eradication of Bombali Ebolavirus infections in humans.Objectivethe present study described a multi epitope-based peptide vaccine against Bombali Ebolavirus matrix protein VP40, using several immunoinformatics tools.Materials and MethodsThe six strains of Ebolavirus were retrieved from NCBI and Uniprot databases and submitted to VaxiJen to identify the most antigenic protein among all. Then PSIPRED, SOPMA, QMEAN, and PROCHECK tools were used to check the protein quality. T-cell prediction, population coverage, and molecular docking analysis were achieved to select peptides containing multiple Bombali VP40 epitopes showing interaction with multiple HLA molecules for expected immune response across the world.Resu...
The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn)... more The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn) roots and phytochemicals as insecticidal (ethyl acetate and methanol) and antidiabetic (ethanolic extract) activities. Physicochemical properties were carried out by using Association of Official Analytical Chemist methods; thin layer chromatography was carried out according to the Stahl method. Larvicidal activity and LD50 were studied against the third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae to detect and extract toxicity. The ethanolic extracts of the roots were orally tested at the dose 200 mg/kg for the hypoglycemic effect on induced hyperglycemia in normal rats, assessed in the ethanol extract, and were compared with diabetic control and standards glibenclamide 10 mg/kg. Physiochemical parameters showed high rate in the nitrogen-free extract (69.6%), curd fiber (14.5%), crude proteins (8.15%), ether extract (3.75%), and both ash and moisture (2%), and high concentrations ...
BackgroundLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer–prone conditions caused by a germline mutation o... more BackgroundLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer–prone conditions caused by a germline mutation of the TP53 gene on chromosome 17p13.1. It has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high penetrance.PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify the high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs in PT53 gene that could be involved in the pathogenesis of Li–Fraumeni syndrome.MethodsThe nsSNPs in the human PT53 gene retrieved from NCBI, were analyzed for their functional and structural consequences using various in silico tools to predict the pathogenicity of each SNP. SIFT, Polyphen, PROVEAN, SNAP2, SNPs&Go, PHD-SNP, and P-Mut were chosen to study the functional inference while I-Mutant 3.0, and MUPro tools were used to test the impact of amino acid substitutions on protein stability by calculating ΔΔG value. The effects of the mutations on 3D structure of the PT53 protein were predicted using RaptorX and visualized by UCSF Chimera.ResultsA total of 845 PT53 nsSNPs were analyzed. Out of 7 nsSNPs...
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 1 (EIEE1) is a rare but devastating neurologic disorder ... more Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 1 (EIEE1) is a rare but devastating neurologic disorder that displays concomitant cognitive and motor impairment, and is often presented in the first months of life with severe intellectual disability. The objective of this study is to classify the most deleterious nsSNPs in ARX gene that may cause EIEE1 disease. Despite the reported association of ARX gene mutations with vulnerability to several neurologic condition, there is lack of in silico analysis on the functional and structural impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ARX at protein level. Therefore, the pathogenic nsSNPs in the human ARX obtained from NCBI were analyzed for their functional and structural impact using bioinformatics tools like SIFT, Polyphen, PROVEAN, I-Mutant, and MUPro. The effects of the mutations on tertiary structure of the human ARX protein were predicted using RaptorX and visualized by UCSF Chimera while STRING was used to investigate its prote...
The Purpose: of this study is to determine the toxicity of Albizia anthelmintica leaves and stem ... more The Purpose: of this study is to determine the toxicity of Albizia anthelmintica leaves and stem bark extracted compounds to some insects. Methods: The phytochemical screening and physiochemical analysis for leaves and stem bark had been carried out by using Standard methods, to study the pharmacological activities of these materials.Results: the findings indicated Albizia anthelmintica leaves powder had significant (p> 0.05) against Tribolium castaneum. Organic extracts of Albizia anthelmintica leaves had toxic effect on Culex quinquefasciatus larve and were effective in reducing the fecundity of Tribolium castaneum adults. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of some secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, coumarin, cardia glycosides and saponins. The results indicated high nutrients like crude fibre levels 16.15% and 9.5% are found in leaves and stems-barks respectively; beside protein level 8.95%, Crude fat level 2.6%, Moist...
This study was carried out in Khartoum state, during November, 2019. Acacia nilotica was chosen f... more This study was carried out in Khartoum state, during November, 2019. Acacia nilotica was chosen for this study because of its using traditionally in treatment of many diseases. The Phytochemical constitutions of A. nilotica were investigated with aim to identify the antimicrobial effects of this plant. The dried fruit cover of Acacia nilotica was extracted successively with petroleum-ether, chloroform, methanol and distilled water. The phytochemical screening carried out on different extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit cover showed high amount of Glycosides, Flavonoids and Terpenoids (in all extracts) and moderate amount of Tannin in methanol and distilled water extracts, Alkaloids (acid and base) in methanol extract and Saponin in methanol and petroleum-ether extracts. The antimicrobial activity of extracts were evaluated against four standard bacteria species (gram positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and (gram negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Esche...
BackgroundNew endemic disease has been spread across Wuhan City, China on December 2019. Within f... more BackgroundNew endemic disease has been spread across Wuhan City, China on December 2019. Within few weeks, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a novel coronavirus designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In late January 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of a “public-health emergency of international concern” due to the rapid and increasing spread of the disease worldwide. Currently, there is no vaccine or approved treatment for this emerging infection; thus the objective of this study is to design a multi epitope peptide vaccine against COVID-19 using immunoinformatics approach.MethodSeveral techniques facilitating the combination of immunoinformatics approach and comparative genomic approach were used in order to determine the potential peptides for designing the T cell epitopes-based peptide vaccine using the envelope protein of 2019-nCoV as a target.ResultsExtensive mutations, insertion and deletion were discovered with comparative sequencing in COVID-19 strain....
This study was carried out in Khartoum State, during December 2017 The plant of Ziziphus spina-ch... more This study was carried out in Khartoum State, during December 2017 The plant of Ziziphus spina-christi belong to family Rhamnaceae and locally known as Cedar, it was chosen for this study because of its using traditionally in treatment of many diseases. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) approach had been used to the dried sample at 170°C to reduce both time and extraction solvent volume, and to decrease the damage of bioactive compounds without extending the period of extraction. 20 g of sample was soaked with Petroleum ether, Ethyl-acetate, ethanol, methanol and distilled water for 72 hour. The extracts were concentrated using rotary evaporator at 40°C and were stored at 4°C. The phytochemical screening were carried out on different extracts of Ziziphus spina-christi stem bark and they showed to contain high amount of Tannins (4+ in all extracts), moderate amount of flavonoids and Triterpenes, trace amount of coumarins and Alkaloids and high amount of Saponins, Anthraquinones and...
BackgroundCancer remains a major public health hazard despite the extensive research over the yea... more BackgroundCancer remains a major public health hazard despite the extensive research over the years on cancer diagnostic and treatment, this is mainly due to the complex pathophysiology and genetic makeup of cancer. A new approach toward cancer treatment is the use of cancer vaccine, yet the different molecular bases of cancers reduce the effectiveness of this approach. In this work we aim to use matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein (MMP9) which is essential molecule in the survival and metastasis of all type of cancer as a target for universal cancer vaccine design.Methodreference sequence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein was obtained from NCBI databases along with the related sequence, which is then checked for conservation using BioEdit, furthermore the B cell and T cell related peptide were analyzed using IEDB website. The best candidate peptide were then visualized using chimera software.ResultThree Peptides found to be good candidate for interactions with B cells (SLPE, RLY...
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