In 2012‒2015, a new fungal pathogen was isolated from fruits and leaves of strawberry from strawb... more In 2012‒2015, a new fungal pathogen was isolated from fruits and leaves of strawberry from strawberry productive regions of Iran. The pathogen was identified as Pilidium concavum on the basis of morphology and ITS sequence analysis. A pathogenicity test was performed on fruit and leaf and P. concavum was re-isolated confirming Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of P. concavum as the cause of Tan-brown Rot on Strawberry in Iran.
Between April and August 2013, two new fungal pathogens were isolated from strawberry foliage in ... more Between April and August 2013, two new fungal pathogens were isolated from strawberry foliage in strawberry production regions of Iran. Based on morphology and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) gene sequence analysis, the pathogens were identified as Cladosporium macrocarpum and C. limoniforme . Pathogenicity tests were performed on strawberry ( cv . Parous) fruits and leaves and the original C. macrocarpum and C. limoniforme were re-isolated complying with Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of C. macrocarpum and C. limoniforme as causal agents of a strawberry disease in Iran.
Severe leaf spot symptoms were observed on sweet almond (Prunus dulcis) trees located in Isfahan ... more Severe leaf spot symptoms were observed on sweet almond (Prunus dulcis) trees located in Isfahan province of Iran, in spring 2013. We surveyed more than 150 trees from six different orchards in the region (50 ha). Affected trees showed grey to dark leaf spots that expanded rapidly. We sampled 14 trees; all 12 fungal colonies (66.6% isolated fungi) were identified as Neopestalotiopsis asiatica on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics, as well as on the basis of the sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin and tef1 taxonomic markers. This is the first report of sweet almond leaf spot caused by N. asiatica in Iran and in the world.
Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2014
The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani ... more The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment. When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments, the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.
Trichoderma species have become the important means of biological control for fungal diseases. Th... more Trichoderma species have become the important means of biological control for fungal diseases. This research was carried on to access the high β-1,3-glucanase and β-1,4-glucanase enzyme producer of Trichoderma species isolates using two different carbon sources for finding a method to obtain more concentrate culture filtrates. Therefore, 14 Trichoderma isolates belonging to species: Trichoderma ceramicum, T. virens, T. pseudokoningii, T. koningii, T. koningiosis, T. atroviridae, T. viridescens, T. asperellum, T. harzianum1, T. orientalis, T. harzianum2, T. brevicompactum, T. viride and T. spirale were cultured in Wiendling’s liquid medium plus 0.5% glycerol or 0.5% Phytophthora sojae-hyphe as the carbon source in shaking and non-shaking (stagnant) statuses. Enzyme activity rate and total protein were evaluated in raw, acetony and lyophilized concentrated culture filtrates and the specific enzyme activity of β-1,3-glucanase and β-1,4-glucanase were measured by milligramme glucose equ...
A new species of Neopestalotiopsis based on both morphological and molecular characteristics is d... more A new species of Neopestalotiopsis based on both morphological and molecular characteristics is described. Neopestalotiopsis iranensis sp. nov. isolated from rotted strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) fruits as well as from stolon and leaf lesions in Kurdistan province, Iran. Initially, light tan and sunken spots developed on fruits and resulted in a soft decay of the fruit flesh. The new species is morphologically distinguished from similar species with different conidium size and by possessing longer apical appendages, as well as some knobbed basal appendages. Phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses) based on internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha combined gene sequences also indicated that this species is phylogenetically distinct from others. Moreover, strawberry crop is introduced here as a new host for N. mesopotamica.
The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation,
Rhizoctonia solani ... more The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment. When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments, the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.
In 2012‒2015, a new fungal pathogen was isolated from fruits and leaves of strawberry from strawb... more In 2012‒2015, a new fungal pathogen was isolated from fruits and leaves of strawberry from strawberry productive regions of Iran. The pathogen was identified as Pilidium concavum on the basis of morphology and ITS sequence analysis. A pathogenicity test was performed on fruit and leaf and P. concavum was re-isolated confirming Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of P. concavum as the cause of Tan-brown Rot on Strawberry in Iran.
Between April and August 2013, two new fungal pathogens were isolated from strawberry foliage in ... more Between April and August 2013, two new fungal pathogens were isolated from strawberry foliage in strawberry production regions of Iran. Based on morphology and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) gene sequence analysis, the pathogens were identified as Cladosporium macrocarpum and C. limoniforme . Pathogenicity tests were performed on strawberry ( cv . Parous) fruits and leaves and the original C. macrocarpum and C. limoniforme were re-isolated complying with Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of C. macrocarpum and C. limoniforme as causal agents of a strawberry disease in Iran.
Severe leaf spot symptoms were observed on sweet almond (Prunus dulcis) trees located in Isfahan ... more Severe leaf spot symptoms were observed on sweet almond (Prunus dulcis) trees located in Isfahan province of Iran, in spring 2013. We surveyed more than 150 trees from six different orchards in the region (50 ha). Affected trees showed grey to dark leaf spots that expanded rapidly. We sampled 14 trees; all 12 fungal colonies (66.6% isolated fungi) were identified as Neopestalotiopsis asiatica on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics, as well as on the basis of the sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin and tef1 taxonomic markers. This is the first report of sweet almond leaf spot caused by N. asiatica in Iran and in the world.
Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2014
The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani ... more The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment. When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments, the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.
Trichoderma species have become the important means of biological control for fungal diseases. Th... more Trichoderma species have become the important means of biological control for fungal diseases. This research was carried on to access the high β-1,3-glucanase and β-1,4-glucanase enzyme producer of Trichoderma species isolates using two different carbon sources for finding a method to obtain more concentrate culture filtrates. Therefore, 14 Trichoderma isolates belonging to species: Trichoderma ceramicum, T. virens, T. pseudokoningii, T. koningii, T. koningiosis, T. atroviridae, T. viridescens, T. asperellum, T. harzianum1, T. orientalis, T. harzianum2, T. brevicompactum, T. viride and T. spirale were cultured in Wiendling’s liquid medium plus 0.5% glycerol or 0.5% Phytophthora sojae-hyphe as the carbon source in shaking and non-shaking (stagnant) statuses. Enzyme activity rate and total protein were evaluated in raw, acetony and lyophilized concentrated culture filtrates and the specific enzyme activity of β-1,3-glucanase and β-1,4-glucanase were measured by milligramme glucose equ...
A new species of Neopestalotiopsis based on both morphological and molecular characteristics is d... more A new species of Neopestalotiopsis based on both morphological and molecular characteristics is described. Neopestalotiopsis iranensis sp. nov. isolated from rotted strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) fruits as well as from stolon and leaf lesions in Kurdistan province, Iran. Initially, light tan and sunken spots developed on fruits and resulted in a soft decay of the fruit flesh. The new species is morphologically distinguished from similar species with different conidium size and by possessing longer apical appendages, as well as some knobbed basal appendages. Phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses) based on internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha combined gene sequences also indicated that this species is phylogenetically distinct from others. Moreover, strawberry crop is introduced here as a new host for N. mesopotamica.
The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation,
Rhizoctonia solani ... more The effects of pre-treatment of salicylic acid (SA) and pathogen inoculation, Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment. When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments, the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.
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Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated
in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and
were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It
was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in
Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment.
When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and
Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM
SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities
with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments,
the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA
treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in
Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.
Rhizoctonia solani on proline accumulation, and enzymes activities were investigated
in green bean leaves and roots. The plants were grown in greenhouse conditions, and
were soil drenched with SA treatments, with and without pathogen inoculation. It
was observed that the highest level of free proline accumulation in leaves was in
Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment, followed by Rhizoctonia + 200 μM SA treatment.
When comparing free proline content in leaves and roots, treated with SA and
Rhizoctonia + SA, to their controls, the accumulation levels in Rhizoctonia + 400 μM
SA treatments were significantly higher than controls. When the enzyme activities
with Rhizoctonia + SA treatment were compared to their solely applied SA treatments,
the levels of β-1,4-glucanase and chitinase activities were lower than SA
treatments alone. However, the free proline accumulation in leaves was higher in
Rhizoctonia + 400 μM SA treatment than in sole SA treatments.