Antioxidants are phytochemicals, vitamins and other nutrients that protect our cells from damage ... more Antioxidants are phytochemicals, vitamins and other nutrients that protect our cells from damage caused by free radicals. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that antioxidants help prevent the free radical damage that is associated with cancer and heart disease. Antioxidants can be found in most fruits and vegetables but also culinary herbs and medicinal herbs can contain high levels of antioxidants. Carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbates, lipoic acids and polyphenols are strong natural antioxidants with free radical scavenging activity. Endogenous antioxidants enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, minerals like Se, Mn, Cu, Zn, vitamins A, C and E. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. They play a crucial role in maintaining optimal immune response, such that deficient or excessive intakes can have negative impact on health. Dietary intake of phytochemical...
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2015
Folic acid is crucial for proper brain function and plays an important role in mental and emotion... more Folic acid is crucial for proper brain function and plays an important role in mental and emotional health. It aids in the production of DNA and RNA, the body's genetic material, and is especially important when cells and tissues are growing rapidly, such as in infancy, adolescence, and pregnancy. Pregnant women need more folic acid to lower the risk of neural tube birth defects, including cleft palate, spina bifida, and brain damage. There is evidence that getting enough folic acid in your diet can reduce your risk of heart disease as it helps lower homocysteine levels. One study suggests that folic acid supplements help slow the progression of age-related hearing loss in elderly people with high homocysteine levels and low folate in their diet. Some studies show that people with depression have low folate levels in their bodies. Folic acid in the diet seems to protect against the development of some forms of cancer, particularly cancer of the colon, as well as breast, cervical...
Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countrie... more Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countries from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, the potential health benefits have been widely studied. Recently, researchers have studied the ability of green tea to eradicate infectious agents and the ability to actually prevent infections. The important components in green tea that show antimicrobial properties are the catechins. The four main catechins that occur in green tea are (-)epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Of these catechins, EGCG and EGC are found in the highest amounts in green tea and has been the subject of most of the studies. These catechins have been shown to demonstrate a variety of antimicrobial properties, both to organisms affected and in mechanisms used. Consumption of green tea has been shown to distribute these compounds and/or their metabolites throughout the body, which...
We observed significantly lower weight gain and food intake, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, ... more We observed significantly lower weight gain and food intake, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels in HFD+CAP-fed TRPV1knockout (KO) mice compared to the HFD-fed KO mice, though this effect was more obvious in wild-type (WT) mice. CAP increased the numbers of Akkermansia, Prevotella, Bac¬teroides, Odoribacter, Allobaculum, Coprococcus, and S24-7, and reduced the numbers of Desulfovibrio, Esche¬richia, Helicobacter, and Sutterella in the HFD+CAP-fed WT and KO mice compared with HFD-fed WT and KO mice. CAP increased the relative abundances of SCFAs producing the bacterial species, which increased intestinal acetate and propionate concentrations, which were beneficial in prevention and treatment of obesity
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is important as an antioxidant and participates in numerous cellular... more Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is important as an antioxidant and participates in numerous cellular functions. Although it circulates in plasma in micromolar concentrations, it reaches millimolar concentrations in most tissues. These high ascorbate cellular concentrations are thought to be generated and maintained by the SVCT2 (Slc23a2), a specific transporter for ascorbate. The vitamin is also readily recycled from its oxidized forms inside cells. Neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) contain some of the highest ascorbic acid concentrations of mammalian tissues. In addition to its well known role as an antioxidant, the vitamin serves as a co-factor in several important enzyme reactions, including those involved in the synthesis of catecholamine, carnitine, cholesterol, amino acids, and certain peptide hormones. Intracellular ascorbate serves several functions in the CNS, including antioxidant protection, peptide amidation, myelin formation, synaptic potentiation, and protection...
Respiratory virus-induced asthma exacerbations occur frequently during pregnancy and are associat... more Respiratory virus-induced asthma exacerbations occur frequently during pregnancy and are associated with adverse outcomes for mother and child. Primary nasal epithelial cells (pNECs) provide a useful method to study immune responses in pregnancy. pNECs were obtained by nasal brushings from pregnant and non-pregnant women with and without asthma. pNECS were infected in vitro with major group Rhinovirus 43 (RV43) and seasonal influenza (H3N2). Following infection, pNECs showed measurable quantities of interferon (IFN)-λ, IL-1β, IL-8, IP-10 and MIP1-α. pNECs provide a safe and effective method for studying respiratory epithelial cell responses during pregnancy.
The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. Discrepant results ... more The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. Discrepant results have been reported in the literature. The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in patients with breast cancer and age-matched control individuals without breast or thyroid disease. Clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland, determination of serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels, and fine-needle aspiration of thyroid gland were performed in 150 breast cancer patients and 100 control individuals. The mean values for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (P = 0.030). The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (38% versus 17%, P = 0.001; 26% versus 9%, P = 0.001, respectively). Our results indicate an increased prevalence of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases in bre...
Annually, several million patients seek care in the emergency department because of chest pain or... more Annually, several million patients seek care in the emergency department because of chest pain or other symptoms suggesting an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but only about 10% are subsequently confirmed to have acute myocardial infarction (AMI).1Blood testing for biomarkers of myocardial injury plays an increasingly important role for the evaluation, diagnosis, and triage of patients with chest pain. The guidelines for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) have recently changed and prominently incorporate the results of cardiac marker testing in the clinical definition of MI. We review these updated guidelines for MI definition as it pertains to cardiac biomarker testing and further compare the differing biology and release kinetics of clinically relevant biomarkers. Finally, we define the contemporary use of cardiac biomarker testing for patients with chest pain, including appropriate integration of point-of-care testing into (POCT) day-to-day clinical use. Ideally, sensitiv...
1. NORMAL PHASE HPLC: This method separates analytes on the basis of polarity. NP-HPLC uses polar... more 1. NORMAL PHASE HPLC: This method separates analytes on the basis of polarity. NP-HPLC uses polar stationary phase and non-polar mobile phase. Therefore, the stationary phase is usually silica and typical mobile phases are hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, and mixtures of these. Polar samples are thus retained on the polar surface of the column packing longer than less polar materials. 2. REVERSE PHASE HPLC: The stationary phase is nonpolar (hydrophobic) in nature, while the mobile phase is a polar liquid, such as mixtures of water and methanol or acetonitrile. It works on the principle of hydrophobic interactions hence the more nonpolar the material is, the longer it will be retained. 3. SIZE-EXCLUSION HPLC : The column is filled with material having precisely controlled pore sizes, and the particles are separated according to its their molecular size. Larger molecules are rapidly washed through the column; smaller molecules penetrate inside the porous of the ...
International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2016
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the ovary and is common in women with regular periods. T... more An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the ovary and is common in women with regular periods. They are usually not cancerous however some are. Ovarian cyst is common in postmenopausal women. Most patients with ovarian cyst are asymptomatic with cysts being discovered incidentally or during USG or routine pelvic examination. Polycystic ovary syndrome represents 80% of anovulatory infertility cases. Treatment initially includes preconception guidelines, such as lifestyle changes (weight loss), folic acid therapy to prevent the risk of fetal neural tube defects and halting the consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The first-line pharmacological treatment for inducing ovulation consists of a clomiphene citrate treatment for timed intercourse. The second line Pharmacological treatment includes the administration of exogenous gonadotropins or laparoscopic ovarian surgery (ovarian drilling). Ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins is effective with cumulative live birth rates of approximately 70%. Ovarian drilling should be performed when laparoscopy is indicated; this procedure is typically effective in approximately 50% of cases. Finally, a high-complexity reproduction treatment (in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection) is the third-line treatment and is recommended when the previous interventions fail. This option is also the first choice in cases of bilateral tubal occlusion or semen alterations that impair the occurrence of natural pregnancy. Evidence for the routine use of metformin in infertility treatment of anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome is not available. Aromatase inhibitors are promising and longer term studies are necessary to prove their safety.
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2015
Vitamin B12, vitamin B12 or vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with ... more Vitamin B12, vitamin B12 or vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and central nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight vitamins essential for the body.. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Neither fungi, plants, nor animals (including humans) are capable of producing vitamin B12. Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes required for its synthesis, although many foods are a natural source of B12 because ofbacterial symbiosis. The vitamin is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin and can be produced industrially only through bacterial fermentation-synthesis.Vitamin B12 consists of a class of chemically related compounds (vitamers), all of which have vitamin activity. It contains the biochemically rare element coba...
Antioxidants are phytochemicals, vitamins and other nutrients that protect our cells from damage ... more Antioxidants are phytochemicals, vitamins and other nutrients that protect our cells from damage caused by free radicals. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that antioxidants help prevent the free radical damage that is associated with cancer and heart disease. Antioxidants can be found in most fruits and vegetables but also culinary herbs and medicinal herbs can contain high levels of antioxidants. Carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbates, lipoic acids and polyphenols are strong natural antioxidants with free radical scavenging activity. Endogenous antioxidants enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, minerals like Se, Mn, Cu, Zn, vitamins A, C and E. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. They play a crucial role in maintaining optimal immune response, such that deficient or excessive intakes can have negative impact on health. Dietary intake of phytochemical...
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2015
Folic acid is crucial for proper brain function and plays an important role in mental and emotion... more Folic acid is crucial for proper brain function and plays an important role in mental and emotional health. It aids in the production of DNA and RNA, the body's genetic material, and is especially important when cells and tissues are growing rapidly, such as in infancy, adolescence, and pregnancy. Pregnant women need more folic acid to lower the risk of neural tube birth defects, including cleft palate, spina bifida, and brain damage. There is evidence that getting enough folic acid in your diet can reduce your risk of heart disease as it helps lower homocysteine levels. One study suggests that folic acid supplements help slow the progression of age-related hearing loss in elderly people with high homocysteine levels and low folate in their diet. Some studies show that people with depression have low folate levels in their bodies. Folic acid in the diet seems to protect against the development of some forms of cancer, particularly cancer of the colon, as well as breast, cervical...
Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countrie... more Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countries from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, the potential health benefits have been widely studied. Recently, researchers have studied the ability of green tea to eradicate infectious agents and the ability to actually prevent infections. The important components in green tea that show antimicrobial properties are the catechins. The four main catechins that occur in green tea are (-)epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Of these catechins, EGCG and EGC are found in the highest amounts in green tea and has been the subject of most of the studies. These catechins have been shown to demonstrate a variety of antimicrobial properties, both to organisms affected and in mechanisms used. Consumption of green tea has been shown to distribute these compounds and/or their metabolites throughout the body, which...
We observed significantly lower weight gain and food intake, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, ... more We observed significantly lower weight gain and food intake, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels in HFD+CAP-fed TRPV1knockout (KO) mice compared to the HFD-fed KO mice, though this effect was more obvious in wild-type (WT) mice. CAP increased the numbers of Akkermansia, Prevotella, Bac¬teroides, Odoribacter, Allobaculum, Coprococcus, and S24-7, and reduced the numbers of Desulfovibrio, Esche¬richia, Helicobacter, and Sutterella in the HFD+CAP-fed WT and KO mice compared with HFD-fed WT and KO mice. CAP increased the relative abundances of SCFAs producing the bacterial species, which increased intestinal acetate and propionate concentrations, which were beneficial in prevention and treatment of obesity
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is important as an antioxidant and participates in numerous cellular... more Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is important as an antioxidant and participates in numerous cellular functions. Although it circulates in plasma in micromolar concentrations, it reaches millimolar concentrations in most tissues. These high ascorbate cellular concentrations are thought to be generated and maintained by the SVCT2 (Slc23a2), a specific transporter for ascorbate. The vitamin is also readily recycled from its oxidized forms inside cells. Neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) contain some of the highest ascorbic acid concentrations of mammalian tissues. In addition to its well known role as an antioxidant, the vitamin serves as a co-factor in several important enzyme reactions, including those involved in the synthesis of catecholamine, carnitine, cholesterol, amino acids, and certain peptide hormones. Intracellular ascorbate serves several functions in the CNS, including antioxidant protection, peptide amidation, myelin formation, synaptic potentiation, and protection...
Respiratory virus-induced asthma exacerbations occur frequently during pregnancy and are associat... more Respiratory virus-induced asthma exacerbations occur frequently during pregnancy and are associated with adverse outcomes for mother and child. Primary nasal epithelial cells (pNECs) provide a useful method to study immune responses in pregnancy. pNECs were obtained by nasal brushings from pregnant and non-pregnant women with and without asthma. pNECS were infected in vitro with major group Rhinovirus 43 (RV43) and seasonal influenza (H3N2). Following infection, pNECs showed measurable quantities of interferon (IFN)-λ, IL-1β, IL-8, IP-10 and MIP1-α. pNECs provide a safe and effective method for studying respiratory epithelial cell responses during pregnancy.
The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. Discrepant results ... more The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. Discrepant results have been reported in the literature. The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in patients with breast cancer and age-matched control individuals without breast or thyroid disease. Clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland, determination of serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels, and fine-needle aspiration of thyroid gland were performed in 150 breast cancer patients and 100 control individuals. The mean values for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (P = 0.030). The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (38% versus 17%, P = 0.001; 26% versus 9%, P = 0.001, respectively). Our results indicate an increased prevalence of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases in bre...
Annually, several million patients seek care in the emergency department because of chest pain or... more Annually, several million patients seek care in the emergency department because of chest pain or other symptoms suggesting an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but only about 10% are subsequently confirmed to have acute myocardial infarction (AMI).1Blood testing for biomarkers of myocardial injury plays an increasingly important role for the evaluation, diagnosis, and triage of patients with chest pain. The guidelines for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) have recently changed and prominently incorporate the results of cardiac marker testing in the clinical definition of MI. We review these updated guidelines for MI definition as it pertains to cardiac biomarker testing and further compare the differing biology and release kinetics of clinically relevant biomarkers. Finally, we define the contemporary use of cardiac biomarker testing for patients with chest pain, including appropriate integration of point-of-care testing into (POCT) day-to-day clinical use. Ideally, sensitiv...
1. NORMAL PHASE HPLC: This method separates analytes on the basis of polarity. NP-HPLC uses polar... more 1. NORMAL PHASE HPLC: This method separates analytes on the basis of polarity. NP-HPLC uses polar stationary phase and non-polar mobile phase. Therefore, the stationary phase is usually silica and typical mobile phases are hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, and mixtures of these. Polar samples are thus retained on the polar surface of the column packing longer than less polar materials. 2. REVERSE PHASE HPLC: The stationary phase is nonpolar (hydrophobic) in nature, while the mobile phase is a polar liquid, such as mixtures of water and methanol or acetonitrile. It works on the principle of hydrophobic interactions hence the more nonpolar the material is, the longer it will be retained. 3. SIZE-EXCLUSION HPLC : The column is filled with material having precisely controlled pore sizes, and the particles are separated according to its their molecular size. Larger molecules are rapidly washed through the column; smaller molecules penetrate inside the porous of the ...
International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2016
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the ovary and is common in women with regular periods. T... more An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the ovary and is common in women with regular periods. They are usually not cancerous however some are. Ovarian cyst is common in postmenopausal women. Most patients with ovarian cyst are asymptomatic with cysts being discovered incidentally or during USG or routine pelvic examination. Polycystic ovary syndrome represents 80% of anovulatory infertility cases. Treatment initially includes preconception guidelines, such as lifestyle changes (weight loss), folic acid therapy to prevent the risk of fetal neural tube defects and halting the consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The first-line pharmacological treatment for inducing ovulation consists of a clomiphene citrate treatment for timed intercourse. The second line Pharmacological treatment includes the administration of exogenous gonadotropins or laparoscopic ovarian surgery (ovarian drilling). Ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins is effective with cumulative live birth rates of approximately 70%. Ovarian drilling should be performed when laparoscopy is indicated; this procedure is typically effective in approximately 50% of cases. Finally, a high-complexity reproduction treatment (in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection) is the third-line treatment and is recommended when the previous interventions fail. This option is also the first choice in cases of bilateral tubal occlusion or semen alterations that impair the occurrence of natural pregnancy. Evidence for the routine use of metformin in infertility treatment of anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome is not available. Aromatase inhibitors are promising and longer term studies are necessary to prove their safety.
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2015
Vitamin B12, vitamin B12 or vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with ... more Vitamin B12, vitamin B12 or vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and central nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight vitamins essential for the body.. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Neither fungi, plants, nor animals (including humans) are capable of producing vitamin B12. Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes required for its synthesis, although many foods are a natural source of B12 because ofbacterial symbiosis. The vitamin is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin and can be produced industrially only through bacterial fermentation-synthesis.Vitamin B12 consists of a class of chemically related compounds (vitamers), all of which have vitamin activity. It contains the biochemically rare element coba...
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Papers by Anil Batta