This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting ... more This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from intense violence during the “Guardian of the Walls” operation in 2021, and economic decision-making. We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
In contemporary sociological discourse, social trust emerges as a fundamental determinant in cata... more In contemporary sociological discourse, social trust emerges as a fundamental determinant in catalyzing positive socio-economic interactions. The nexus between social relationships and the inherent trust within them is quintessential for the holistic well-being of individuals. The current research undertook a rigorous examination of the variations in generalized trust levels across distinct age cohorts. For this empirical investigation, a dataset comprising 2,232 observations, exclusively from the United States, was meticulously sourced from the World Value Survey.The empirical findings elucidated a significant disparity in generalized trust levels across age cohorts. Notably, the geriatric demographic manifested elevated levels of generalized trust in juxtaposition to their younger counterparts. Such an observation posits the hypothesis that the construct of trust may indeed possess an age-related dimensionality. Furthermore, a robust statistical analysis accentuated the significan...
This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting ... more This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from intense violence during the “Guardian of the Walls” operation in 2021, and economic decision-making. We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
Excel dataset for "Costly Superstitious Beliefs: Experimental Evidence". Coding of vari... more Excel dataset for "Costly Superstitious Beliefs: Experimental Evidence". Coding of variables provided.
In recent years, international law scholars have discussed how civilian mental harm in warfare sh... more In recent years, international law scholars have discussed how civilian mental harm in warfare should also form part of the jus in bello proportionality principle and be balanced to the anticipated military advantage. Yet, these scholars have not proceeded one step further to examine whether socio-economic parameters shaping the individual’s personality, such as education, family ties or the level of income, should be also taken into account as varying variables in this balancing task. This is particularly important given that the particular parameters are tied to the socio-economics rights discourse and the relevant minimal living standards notion developed there. Based on a study we conducted, the article explores whether civilian mental harm should be affected by socio-economic parameters and what this means for the wider role socio-economic rights can play in armed conflicts as well as for the reading of jus in bello along Marxist terms.
IntroductionOver the past decades, there has been a growing tendency for people to move from one ... more IntroductionOver the past decades, there has been a growing tendency for people to move from one geographic area to another and from one nation-state to another. In the literature, one group of immigrants with special characteristics is called 'homecoming' (Markowitz & Stefansson, 2004). According to Lomsky-Feder & Rapoport (2001), those 'returning' to their imagined-historic homeland see themselves, to a certain extent, as having been 'exiles' in their own countries of origin; thus, they display feelings of having returned to their homeland when reaching their new destination. Later research deals with the complexity of transnational communities and the ways in which they test national boundaries, as spaces in which multiculturalism, hybrid identities and 'mixed' cultures may be realized (Clifford, 1994; Appadurai, 1996; Weingrod & Levi, 2005). As such, the subject of 'the return' or 'homecoming' has been reconstructed as a complex sy...
Social trust is the belief that people are usually fair and should be trusted. Trust is an essent... more Social trust is the belief that people are usually fair and should be trusted. Trust is an essential factor in the proper functioning of societies and plays an important role in determining economic activity. Prior researches show that higher levels of trust and trustworthiness contribute to the efficiency of the economic activity, reduce transaction costs, and contribute to the proper functioning of societies. However, trust does not contribute to society in cases where individuals trust persons or organizations that are not trustworthy. In contexts of consumption, trusting someone who is not trustworthy may help crooks deceiving other individuals. Prior research shows that senior citizens are more likely to be victims of various types of consumer fraud. Some researchers claim that this is due, in part, to the tendency of senior citizens to trust others more than young people do. Generalized trust refers to the extent to which individuals believe that most people can be trusted. Th...
Cognitive impairment has a detrimental influence on the decision-making capabilities of older peo... more Cognitive impairment has a detrimental influence on the decision-making capabilities of older people. This study investigates the ways in which the time preferences of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are influenced by their executive cognitive abilities. Within the framework of this study, older adults underwent a cognitive evaluation using a computerized cognitive assessment battery and then responded to a questionnaire eliciting their preferences for changing amounts of money and time periods. We found that those individuals with better executive cognitive abilities displayed a lower rate of subjective discounting. This study advances our understanding of economic decision-making in old age, especially as influenced by cognitive decline. We hope that our findings will serve as a catalyst in the construction of financial tools relevant to the growing population of older people in society, and thus help to alleviate negative phenomena resulting in older individuals being subjected to fraud and discrimination.
Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications are largely and successfully used in ... more Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications are largely and successfully used in almost every human activity. Together with smart cities and industrial IoT, one of the top three sectors with a notable estimated growth in the years to come is Health Internet of Things (HIoT). Due to obvious benefits as faster response and better functioning of medical devices, remote diagnosis and treatment, continuous monitoring of patients with implanted devices, better support for clinical decisions, and lower costs, IoT is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of health-care and medical applications. In order to provide these advantages, interconnected patient and hospital IoT devices collect, transmit and process significant amounts of sensitive data. Problems as the lack of transparency in the use of data and contextual metadata, weak security methods implemented in medical devices, probability of human errors and software or hardware malfunctions, autonomous, ambiguous ...
This research article deals with the way in which ‘senior’ immigrants from Argentina, residing in... more This research article deals with the way in which ‘senior’ immigrants from Argentina, residing in a kibbutz in the south of Israel, constructed their collective memory. This group of Israelis, who emigrated from Argentina to Israel at the start of the 1960s, is a unique group originating from the Jewish agricultural settlements founded in Argentina at the end of the 19th century. Upon arriving in Israel, they encountered a society that rejected their past in the diaspora. This intercultural encounter generated conflict between the wishes of these immigrants to preserve their original identities and cultural heritage, on the one hand, and to integrate into and belong to the host society, on the other — a central element in their Zionist worldview. This research presents the manner in which the politics of the collective memory of the investigated group was constructed, such that it helped the group to reach its goals while allowing for the preservation of the unique past. In this case, the politics and the agents of memory called on the collective memory in order to assign and locate themselves in the kibbutz’s present, and to claim seniority in the kibbutz hierarchy, while appealing the status relegated by the dominant metanarrative.
Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics
The present research investigates the ways in which the time preferences of young adults are infl... more The present research investigates the ways in which the time preferences of young adults are influenced by the level of their executive cognitive abilities and by situational changes in these abilities. Within the framework of this study, young adults were asked to respond to a questionnaire dealing with their time preferences in light of changing amounts and delay durations. Some were asked to do a Stroop task beforehand, while others performed a similar, but simpler task. This research assumes that, since the Stroop task requires that the individual reach a decision while overcoming an automatic tendency and an ingrained habit, this depletes his/her self-control resources. As such, when an individual is filling-out the questionnaire dealing with time preferences after a Stroop task, his/her ability to avoid automatic tendencies is depleted, making it difficult for him/her to reject the receipt of money in the present. The study found that, in general, those individuals having good executive cognitive abilities, namely those who got the highest scores on the Stroop task, were characterized by a lower rate of subjective discounting. In addition, the research showed a marked difference between those individuals who had experienced depletion and who had not, in that the depleted individuals tended to demand higher discount rates for having postponed the payment. This means that the depletion of executive-ability resources caused a behavior similar to that of those having the lowest executive abilities. This outcome may attest to the fact that a depletion in the available level of executive abilities in an individual reduces the ability of that individual to overcome his/her natural tendency to prefer the present, thus influencing his/her intertemporal choices.
This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting ... more This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from intense violence during the “Guardian of the Walls” operation in 2021, and economic decision-making. We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
In contemporary sociological discourse, social trust emerges as a fundamental determinant in cata... more In contemporary sociological discourse, social trust emerges as a fundamental determinant in catalyzing positive socio-economic interactions. The nexus between social relationships and the inherent trust within them is quintessential for the holistic well-being of individuals. The current research undertook a rigorous examination of the variations in generalized trust levels across distinct age cohorts. For this empirical investigation, a dataset comprising 2,232 observations, exclusively from the United States, was meticulously sourced from the World Value Survey.The empirical findings elucidated a significant disparity in generalized trust levels across age cohorts. Notably, the geriatric demographic manifested elevated levels of generalized trust in juxtaposition to their younger counterparts. Such an observation posits the hypothesis that the construct of trust may indeed possess an age-related dimensionality. Furthermore, a robust statistical analysis accentuated the significan...
This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting ... more This research explores the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from intense violence during the “Guardian of the Walls” operation in 2021, and economic decision-making. We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
Excel dataset for "Costly Superstitious Beliefs: Experimental Evidence". Coding of vari... more Excel dataset for "Costly Superstitious Beliefs: Experimental Evidence". Coding of variables provided.
In recent years, international law scholars have discussed how civilian mental harm in warfare sh... more In recent years, international law scholars have discussed how civilian mental harm in warfare should also form part of the jus in bello proportionality principle and be balanced to the anticipated military advantage. Yet, these scholars have not proceeded one step further to examine whether socio-economic parameters shaping the individual’s personality, such as education, family ties or the level of income, should be also taken into account as varying variables in this balancing task. This is particularly important given that the particular parameters are tied to the socio-economics rights discourse and the relevant minimal living standards notion developed there. Based on a study we conducted, the article explores whether civilian mental harm should be affected by socio-economic parameters and what this means for the wider role socio-economic rights can play in armed conflicts as well as for the reading of jus in bello along Marxist terms.
IntroductionOver the past decades, there has been a growing tendency for people to move from one ... more IntroductionOver the past decades, there has been a growing tendency for people to move from one geographic area to another and from one nation-state to another. In the literature, one group of immigrants with special characteristics is called 'homecoming' (Markowitz & Stefansson, 2004). According to Lomsky-Feder & Rapoport (2001), those 'returning' to their imagined-historic homeland see themselves, to a certain extent, as having been 'exiles' in their own countries of origin; thus, they display feelings of having returned to their homeland when reaching their new destination. Later research deals with the complexity of transnational communities and the ways in which they test national boundaries, as spaces in which multiculturalism, hybrid identities and 'mixed' cultures may be realized (Clifford, 1994; Appadurai, 1996; Weingrod & Levi, 2005). As such, the subject of 'the return' or 'homecoming' has been reconstructed as a complex sy...
Social trust is the belief that people are usually fair and should be trusted. Trust is an essent... more Social trust is the belief that people are usually fair and should be trusted. Trust is an essential factor in the proper functioning of societies and plays an important role in determining economic activity. Prior researches show that higher levels of trust and trustworthiness contribute to the efficiency of the economic activity, reduce transaction costs, and contribute to the proper functioning of societies. However, trust does not contribute to society in cases where individuals trust persons or organizations that are not trustworthy. In contexts of consumption, trusting someone who is not trustworthy may help crooks deceiving other individuals. Prior research shows that senior citizens are more likely to be victims of various types of consumer fraud. Some researchers claim that this is due, in part, to the tendency of senior citizens to trust others more than young people do. Generalized trust refers to the extent to which individuals believe that most people can be trusted. Th...
Cognitive impairment has a detrimental influence on the decision-making capabilities of older peo... more Cognitive impairment has a detrimental influence on the decision-making capabilities of older people. This study investigates the ways in which the time preferences of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are influenced by their executive cognitive abilities. Within the framework of this study, older adults underwent a cognitive evaluation using a computerized cognitive assessment battery and then responded to a questionnaire eliciting their preferences for changing amounts of money and time periods. We found that those individuals with better executive cognitive abilities displayed a lower rate of subjective discounting. This study advances our understanding of economic decision-making in old age, especially as influenced by cognitive decline. We hope that our findings will serve as a catalyst in the construction of financial tools relevant to the growing population of older people in society, and thus help to alleviate negative phenomena resulting in older individuals being subjected to fraud and discrimination.
Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications are largely and successfully used in ... more Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications are largely and successfully used in almost every human activity. Together with smart cities and industrial IoT, one of the top three sectors with a notable estimated growth in the years to come is Health Internet of Things (HIoT). Due to obvious benefits as faster response and better functioning of medical devices, remote diagnosis and treatment, continuous monitoring of patients with implanted devices, better support for clinical decisions, and lower costs, IoT is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of health-care and medical applications. In order to provide these advantages, interconnected patient and hospital IoT devices collect, transmit and process significant amounts of sensitive data. Problems as the lack of transparency in the use of data and contextual metadata, weak security methods implemented in medical devices, probability of human errors and software or hardware malfunctions, autonomous, ambiguous ...
This research article deals with the way in which ‘senior’ immigrants from Argentina, residing in... more This research article deals with the way in which ‘senior’ immigrants from Argentina, residing in a kibbutz in the south of Israel, constructed their collective memory. This group of Israelis, who emigrated from Argentina to Israel at the start of the 1960s, is a unique group originating from the Jewish agricultural settlements founded in Argentina at the end of the 19th century. Upon arriving in Israel, they encountered a society that rejected their past in the diaspora. This intercultural encounter generated conflict between the wishes of these immigrants to preserve their original identities and cultural heritage, on the one hand, and to integrate into and belong to the host society, on the other — a central element in their Zionist worldview. This research presents the manner in which the politics of the collective memory of the investigated group was constructed, such that it helped the group to reach its goals while allowing for the preservation of the unique past. In this case, the politics and the agents of memory called on the collective memory in order to assign and locate themselves in the kibbutz’s present, and to claim seniority in the kibbutz hierarchy, while appealing the status relegated by the dominant metanarrative.
Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics
The present research investigates the ways in which the time preferences of young adults are infl... more The present research investigates the ways in which the time preferences of young adults are influenced by the level of their executive cognitive abilities and by situational changes in these abilities. Within the framework of this study, young adults were asked to respond to a questionnaire dealing with their time preferences in light of changing amounts and delay durations. Some were asked to do a Stroop task beforehand, while others performed a similar, but simpler task. This research assumes that, since the Stroop task requires that the individual reach a decision while overcoming an automatic tendency and an ingrained habit, this depletes his/her self-control resources. As such, when an individual is filling-out the questionnaire dealing with time preferences after a Stroop task, his/her ability to avoid automatic tendencies is depleted, making it difficult for him/her to reject the receipt of money in the present. The study found that, in general, those individuals having good executive cognitive abilities, namely those who got the highest scores on the Stroop task, were characterized by a lower rate of subjective discounting. In addition, the research showed a marked difference between those individuals who had experienced depletion and who had not, in that the depleted individuals tended to demand higher discount rates for having postponed the payment. This means that the depletion of executive-ability resources caused a behavior similar to that of those having the lowest executive abilities. This outcome may attest to the fact that a depletion in the available level of executive abilities in an individual reduces the ability of that individual to overcome his/her natural tendency to prefer the present, thus influencing his/her intertemporal choices.
Uploads
We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.
We surveyed civilians in Israel who experienced Gaza rocket attacks to understand the influence of PTSD on their financial decisions. The results revealed an interesting trend: PTSD sufferers showed a preference for immediate consumption over future savings and demonstrated a decrease in their willingness to take economic risks. These findings are significant because they offer insight into how trauma affects financial decisions, and crucial information for those helping PTSD sufferers—their relatives and therapists. It is essential for them to be aware of these tendencies to provide appropriate advice and assistance, helping the victims cope with their PTSD and make effective financial decisions in their daily lives.