Papers by MUSTAPHA HASSAN BICHI
Environmental Management and Health, 1999
Kano River basin, which serves as the main source of water supply to metropolitan Kano, is also u... more Kano River basin, which serves as the main source of water supply to metropolitan Kano, is also used as receiving body for industrial wastes from Sharada and Challawa industrial estates. Of the three major rivers in this basin, the Salanta river was found to receive the highest pollution from the industrial discharges with COD of 8,557.4mg/l, total solids of 16,934.6mg/l, hardness of 1,349.6mg/l CaCO3, and ammonia nitrogen of 5,150.0mg/l. The Challawa river had COD of 598.7mg/l, total solids of 1,609.9mg/l, hardness of 1,332.0mg/l CaCO3 and ammonia‐nitrogen 400mg/l. Both empty into the Kano river where the COD was 1,166.9mg/l, total solids 1,458.0mg/l, hardness 2,506.8mg/l and ammonia‐nitrogen 530mg/l. Although these rivers are being used extensively for water supply, irrigation, and fishing, the quality of the water was found to be unsuitable for these purposes. The paper suggests that waste water pre‐treatment by all industries, imposition of direct charges on industrial effluents...
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2020
The paper examines the management of industrial effluents in Kano and identifies the major proble... more The paper examines the management of industrial effluents in Kano and identifies the major problems as inadequate effluent treatment facilities; unrealistic standards; non-compliance with regulations by the industries; nonenforcement of regulations by the monitoring agencies; lack of effective monitoring and evaluation facilities; insufficient economic incentives for effluent treatment; and ignorance of the affected communities. The consequences include low water quality in the Jakara and Kano Rivers which serve as sources of water supply for drinking, irrigation and fishing. The level of some toxic metals in the water from Tamburawa Water works tube-wells was above the maximum acceptable limits. Major recommendations of the paper include provision of economic incentive package to enable industries install effluent treatment facilities, review of existing effluent standards to suit the current level of Technology in the country, and public enlightenment on the danger and consequence...
Irrigation along River Tatsawarki involves the application of stream water and/or groundwater fro... more Irrigation along River Tatsawarki involves the application of stream water and/or groundwater from tube wells believed to be recharged by the stream that flows through industrialized and residential areas. In the use of these sources of water for irrigation, of major concern is the concentration of heavy metals that are neither rapidly removed, nor readily detoxified by metabolic activities. Soil samples are collected from three irrigated farmlands (A, B and C) along the river banks and control samples (D) were also collected at the control farms located away from the river bank. The samples were collected at 0 – 15cm depth, placed in polyethylene bags and taken to laboratory for analysis. Two samples were collected from each zone, one from farmland using surface water as the only source of irrigation water, and another sample from farmland using groundwater as its sole source of irrigation water. The samples were analysed for pH, texture, and heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Co, Cd, Fe, Zn, M...
The paper presents a characterization study of the municipal solid waste generated in Sabon-gari ... more The paper presents a characterization study of the municipal solid waste generated in Sabon-gari area of Kano City in Northern Nigeria. The area was divided into three zones namely: Zone A-South (from France road to New road), Zone B- central (from New road to Ballat Hughes road) and. Zone C-north (from Ballat Hughes road to Nguru road). Twenty households were randomly selected from each zone making a total of 60 households that were studied. Solid waste was collected daily from each household for 14days using four trained collectors equipped with a wheel-barrow each and personnel protective equipment. The characteristics of household solid waste of was determined in terms of the components, average mass (kg) generated per household, solid waste per capita and bulk density. It was found that 57.5% of the solid waste generated in the area is made up of food/petruscible matter and vegetable matter; 17.6% plastics and 3.0% metals. Per capita waste generated was 0.31kg/capita/day and th...
Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 2012
African Journal of Biotechnology, Nov 15, 2012
Moringa Oleifera seeds extract has been found to posses antimicrobial properties. The mechanism o... more Moringa Oleifera seeds extract has been found to posses antimicrobial properties. The mechanism of its action in this regard is still largely un-determined. In this work, six methods of extracting the active ingredients from the Moringa seed powder were considered. They were: Normal aqueous extraction (M1), Salt extraction (M2), Oil removal followed by aqueous extraction (M3), oil removal followed by salt extraction (M4), oil removal followed by aqueous extraction and microfiltration (M5), and oil removal followed by salt extraction and microfiltration. The antimicrobial action of each extract on Escherichia Coli was determined using Disc Diffusion and Agar Well methods. An average of 639.77±16.72gm of seed kernel was obtained per Kg of raw Moringa seed processed. The results also showed that 72.28±4.84% cake was produced for each 10gm of the <210 μm seed powder de-fatted and the seed oil produced was 28.75±1.68%. The zones of inhibition produced using disc diffusion method ranged 6.5mm – 9.0mm for the six extraction methods with the highest value of 9.0mm obtained with method M3. The Agar well method yielded 6.75mm – 12.38mm zone of inhibition diameter with the highest value of 12.38mm obtained with method M3 of seed extraction. The investigation thus concluded that the M3 was the best extraction method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for the Moringa disinfection Solution M3 was determined to be 200μL/mL while the Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) was 210μL/mL. Optimization of the operating conditions was suggested for the subsequent application of this method of seed processing in water disinfection.
IOSR Journal of Engineering, 2013
... The resulting effect is the increase in background level of all the pollutants along the rive... more ... The resulting effect is the increase in background level of all the pollutants along the river. ... Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 133: p. 473-482. 8. Sangadoyin, AY,1995. Characteristics and Control of Industrial Effluent Generated Pollution. ...
Civil and Environmental Research, 2013
International Journal of Research in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2018
Moring oleifera seed oil was extracted by adding hexane to the seed powder in an electro-thermal ... more Moring oleifera seed oil was extracted by adding hexane to the seed powder in an electro-thermal soxhlet and evaporating the hexane to produce the 100% seed oil. Different concentrations (75%, 50%, and 25%) of the oil were prepared by aseptically dissolving the measured amount of oil into appropriate volume of Dimethyl Sulfur Oxide (DMSO) on volume by volume (v/v) basis. About 0.3mls of the seed oil extract of the varying concentrations were added to four agar wells and to the fifth well, gentamycin was added as a positive control. The agar plates were then incubated at 350C ± 20C for 24 hours. Effect of the Moring oil extract was assessed by measuring the zones of inhibition to the nearest millimeter, and then compared with the standard gentamycin. The results showed that the 100% seed oil is 78% as effective as the gentamycin against E. coli. It is concluded that the oil can be used as mild antimicrobial agent as skin ointment, hand spray, and sanitizers. It
is also recommended that the shelf life of the oil be investigated as well as its action against other common microbes.
Keywords: M. oleifera, Seed Oil, Antimicrobial Action, E. coli.
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Papers by MUSTAPHA HASSAN BICHI
is also recommended that the shelf life of the oil be investigated as well as its action against other common microbes.
Keywords: M. oleifera, Seed Oil, Antimicrobial Action, E. coli.
is also recommended that the shelf life of the oil be investigated as well as its action against other common microbes.
Keywords: M. oleifera, Seed Oil, Antimicrobial Action, E. coli.