Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the salivary bacterial level and dental caries exper... more Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the salivary bacterial level and dental caries experience in children with black stained teeth. Methods: The sample comprised 73 children aged 4-6 years with black stains where the caries experience was evaluated using dmft index. Also, the salivary sample was taken into a sterile container and taken to the laboratory within 1 hour for processing. In the laboratory saliva dilution was done and sample was placed into a plate which contains Brain heart infusion agar. From the plate, identification of the morphology of Actinomyces was done. The colony of Actinomyces on the plate was counted with colony counter using colony forming unit. With the same salivary sample the pH was measured using the pH meter. Results: Among the children with BS, the mean dmft was (2.3), most children had very low dmft score (42.5%). So this showed lower caries experience in children with black stains. Regarding the Actinomyces count the results showed higher num...
Introduction: The prevention and control of caries requires the eradication of cariogenic microor... more Introduction: The prevention and control of caries requires the eradication of cariogenic microorganisms that produce acids responsible for reducing the pH and starting the demineralization process. With the increasing incidence of drug resistance in the prevalent pathogens and an associated risk with chemotherapeutic agents, it is essential to find an alternative to existing drugs. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neem extract and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as cavity disinfectants in the reduction of total viable count in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) in children. Subjects and Methods: The study included two test groups, Group I (2% chlorhexidine) and Group II (neem extract). Nine patients with at least one tooth with a carious lesion suitable for ART were selected for each group; samples of dentin were collected using sterile spoon excavators at three stages from each tooth: pre-excavation, post-excavation and post-disinfection of the cavities. Thes...
This study aimed at evaluating in vitro the effect of one year brushing with 10 wt. % nano- hydro... more This study aimed at evaluating in vitro the effect of one year brushing with 10 wt. % nano- hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) modified toothpaste on surface roughness and micro-shear bond strength (µ-SBS) of enamel to resin composite restoration (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative) using total-etch (TE), Adper Single Bond Plus Adhesive and self-etch (SE), Single Bond Universal Adhesive systems. Thirty human enamel/dentin slabs were prepared and divided according to the toothpaste into: control group (Signal Kids toothpaste) and test group (10 wt. % n-HAp ~20 nm modified Signal Kids toothpaste). Brushing was performed for one hour/day for 24 days. Roughness (Ra) was measured by the AFM for 10 brushed slabs. For μ-SBS evaluation, 20 brushed slabs were randomly subdivided into 2 subgroups/ group according to the adhesive system (control/TE, control/SE, test/TE and test/SE). Micro-cylinders of nano-filled resin composite were prepared. The μ-SBS test was performed by a universal testing machine....
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2012
The extensive plaque formation on dental restorations may contribute to secondary caries or perio... more The extensive plaque formation on dental restorations may contribute to secondary caries or periodontal inflammation. Therefore, it is important to know how different types of dental restorations may prevent or promote the accumulation of microorganisms. The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to preveneered and stainless steel crowns (SSCs) and to evaluate the effects of these restorations on the gingival health and oral hygiene. Twenty patients (age 3-5 years) were selected from the outpatient clinic of the pedodontics department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University. The selected patients had (dmf) index for primary dentition ≤4, including lower right and left first primary molars. Each tooth was pulpotomy-treated and restored with either type of crowns (split-mouth technique). Then, ten swabs from the buccal mucosa, preveneered crown, and SSC surfaces were taken from each patient. Also, the gingival index (GI) and oral hygiene index (OHI-S) were measured at different times during the study. Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar (MSBA) was used as a selective medium for S. mutans growth. MSBA plates were taken in candle jar and incubated aerobically in 37°C for 48 h. Finally, bacteria were counted and expressed in colony forming unit (CFU). After 1, 2, and 4 weeks, mucosa and crown swabs of preveneered crown showed statistically significant higher mean CFU counts than SSC. Through the whole study period, the two restorations revealed a statistically significant decrease in mean CFU counts. Also, there was a statistically significant positive (direct) correlation between OHI-S, GI, and S. mutans counts on both restorations. The adhesion of S. mutans to preveneered crowns was higher than to SSC. Full mouth rehabilitation led to significant decrease in S. mutans count in the short term. An increase in S. mutans counts is associated with an increase in OHI-S and GI.
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the histopathological and immunohistochemical re... more This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the histopathological and immunohistochemical responses of dog’s dental pulp to formocresol pulpotomy versus jojoba. It was conducted on 32 primary molars of four dogs between the ages of one to two months. One of the dogs was used as control, while the rest of the molars were treated by formocresol and jojoba oil (pulpotomies). The animals were destroyed after one month. The pulp tissues of all the teeth were submitted to histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. The pulp of the Jojoba oil treated group revealed slight hypervascularization, some blood vessels showed dilatation and areas of pulp calcification were detected. The cellularity of the pulp and its fibrous elements appeared normally with no inflammatory cell infiltration, while the pulp treated with formocresol was highly vascularized with high number of chronic inflammatory cells, areas of calcification with obvious increased collagen fiber density, in addition to n...
Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental... more Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental age of eruption of primary and permanent teeth. Methods: Study sample consisted of 1526 apparently healthy children of both genders, 1020 children were selected from schools, and 506 children were selected from children attending Maternal and Child Welfare Centers. Results: Eruption sequence in primary teeth in both genders was: lower primary central incisor (LA), Upper primary central incisor (UA), upper primary lateral incisor (UB), lower primary lateral incisor (LB), upper primary first molar (UD), lower primary first molar (LD), Upper primary canine (UC), lower primary canine (LC), lower primary second molar (LE), and upper primary second molar (UE). Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in boys was: lower permanent first molar (L6), lower permanent central incisor (L1), lower permanent lateral incisor (L2), upper permanent central incisor (U1), upper permanent lateral incisor (U2...
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between early childhood cari... more Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between early childhood caries (ECC), body mass index and iron deficiency anemia. Methods: The study was conducted on 80 apparently healthy Egyptian children with ECC attending the Outpatient clinic in Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine-Cairo University. Dental examination was done for each child followed by anthropometric measurement and Laboratory analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20 for Windows. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Traumatic stage was the most prevalent stage among ECC children. There was no statistically significant association between BMI status and ECC stages. There was no statistically significant association between prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and ECC stages. Conclusions: ECC population isn’t at risk for iron deficiency anemia. ECC patients seek dental treatment at a late stag...
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of sodium fluoride and Bee Pro... more The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of sodium fluoride and Bee Propolis mouth rinses on salivary S. mutans count. Dental caries was recorded according to the criteria of WHO, 1997, using (dmf) index for primary dentition. Subjects: A sample composed of 60 children (30 boys and 30 girls) aged from 4- 6 years with mean age 4.7 where all children had only primary dentition to avoid extreme variables. The children were divided into two groups each of 30 children. Group I: used sodium fluoride mouthwash 0.025%. Group II: used propolis mouthwash (10% ethanolic extract) under their parent's supervision twice daily for one month. Methods: Saliva samples were collected from the children before using the mouthwash, after one week, after 2 weeks and after one month of use. The amount of S. mutans in the oral cavity of the tested children was evaluated using selective media for S. mutans TYCSB.The results showed the presence of a statistically significant diff...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the recommen... more PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the recommended infection control measures among postgraduate students in several dental schools. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among a group of postgraduate students in Cairo University using a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate their level of knowledge attitude, and practice regarding infection control measures. RESULTS: The response rate was 96%. Interesting areas were: Only 40% of the sample could describe the proper method of hands washing. Moving around while wearing face masks and protective gowns was reported by 32% and 28% of the sample, respectively. Data also showed that only 48% of the students had been vaccinated with required vaccines. Unfortunately, only 24% of sample displayed correct knowledge about the infections with the highest risk of transmission in the dental setting, whereas 90% knew how to handle an accidental needle prick. The overall da...
Objectives: This study aims to review all the available strategies and treatment protocols used f... more Objectives: This study aims to review all the available strategies and treatment protocols used for regeneration of necrotic immature roots in the published reported clinical cases. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The following electronic bibliographic databases; Pubmed, Scirus, Cochrane Library and Summon were searched, in addition to “hand searching” to identify other potentially relevant articles. A structured electronic search was carried out including; only terms related to the intervention. Relevant papers published in English were identified after reviewing their titles, abstracts then full reading of the papers. Findings: 32 papers were included according to the inclusion criteria. They were directly relevant to the subject; all of them are clinical studies following regenerative endodontic therapy to treat the necrotic immature teeth. Application/ Improvement: Different methodological steps are followed to regenerate the necrotic immature roots. Reviewing these variability and the different strategies followed was an important issue to reach evidence based guidelines and showed the clinical significance for application in the daily clinical practice.
Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative ... more Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative endodontic procedures. Photo-activated disinfection is a novel disinfection method that can help to achieve the goal of regenerative endodontics. This article reports the clinical and radiographic results after single visit regenerative endodontics using photo-activated disinfection. Methods: An 8.5-year-old girl complained of fractured upper right central incisor. Pulp necrosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings. The root canal was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite solution (1.5%) followed by saline. Then, the canal was dried with paper points. A combination of a photosensitizer solution and low power laser light were applied. EDTA solution was used as a final irrigant. Bleeding was induced, followed by placement of collagen resorbable matrix and white mineral trioxide aggregate. Two days later, the tooth was sealed and restored with permanent filling. Results: Clinical fi...
Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative ... more Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative endodontic procedures. Photo-activated oral disinfection is a novel disinfection method that can help to achieve the goal of regenerative endodontics. This article reports the clinical and radiographic results after single visit regenerative endodontics using photo-activated oral disinfection. Methods: An 8.5-year-old girl complained of fractured upper right central incisor. Pulp necrosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings. The root canal was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite solution (1.5%) followed by saline. Then, the canal was dried with paper points. A combination of a photosensitizer solution and low power laser light were applied. EDTA solution was used as a final irrigant. Bleeding was induced, followed by placement of collagen resorbable matrix and white mineral trioxide aggregate. Two days later, the tooth was sealed and restored with permanent filling. Results: C...
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the salivary bacterial level and dental caries exper... more Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the salivary bacterial level and dental caries experience in children with black stained teeth. Methods: The sample comprised 73 children aged 4-6 years with black stains where the caries experience was evaluated using dmft index. Also, the salivary sample was taken into a sterile container and taken to the laboratory within 1 hour for processing. In the laboratory saliva dilution was done and sample was placed into a plate which contains Brain heart infusion agar. From the plate, identification of the morphology of Actinomyces was done. The colony of Actinomyces on the plate was counted with colony counter using colony forming unit. With the same salivary sample the pH was measured using the pH meter. Results: Among the children with BS, the mean dmft was (2.3), most children had very low dmft score (42.5%). So this showed lower caries experience in children with black stains. Regarding the Actinomyces count the results showed higher num...
Introduction: The prevention and control of caries requires the eradication of cariogenic microor... more Introduction: The prevention and control of caries requires the eradication of cariogenic microorganisms that produce acids responsible for reducing the pH and starting the demineralization process. With the increasing incidence of drug resistance in the prevalent pathogens and an associated risk with chemotherapeutic agents, it is essential to find an alternative to existing drugs. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neem extract and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as cavity disinfectants in the reduction of total viable count in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) in children. Subjects and Methods: The study included two test groups, Group I (2% chlorhexidine) and Group II (neem extract). Nine patients with at least one tooth with a carious lesion suitable for ART were selected for each group; samples of dentin were collected using sterile spoon excavators at three stages from each tooth: pre-excavation, post-excavation and post-disinfection of the cavities. Thes...
This study aimed at evaluating in vitro the effect of one year brushing with 10 wt. % nano- hydro... more This study aimed at evaluating in vitro the effect of one year brushing with 10 wt. % nano- hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) modified toothpaste on surface roughness and micro-shear bond strength (µ-SBS) of enamel to resin composite restoration (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative) using total-etch (TE), Adper Single Bond Plus Adhesive and self-etch (SE), Single Bond Universal Adhesive systems. Thirty human enamel/dentin slabs were prepared and divided according to the toothpaste into: control group (Signal Kids toothpaste) and test group (10 wt. % n-HAp ~20 nm modified Signal Kids toothpaste). Brushing was performed for one hour/day for 24 days. Roughness (Ra) was measured by the AFM for 10 brushed slabs. For μ-SBS evaluation, 20 brushed slabs were randomly subdivided into 2 subgroups/ group according to the adhesive system (control/TE, control/SE, test/TE and test/SE). Micro-cylinders of nano-filled resin composite were prepared. The μ-SBS test was performed by a universal testing machine....
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2012
The extensive plaque formation on dental restorations may contribute to secondary caries or perio... more The extensive plaque formation on dental restorations may contribute to secondary caries or periodontal inflammation. Therefore, it is important to know how different types of dental restorations may prevent or promote the accumulation of microorganisms. The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to preveneered and stainless steel crowns (SSCs) and to evaluate the effects of these restorations on the gingival health and oral hygiene. Twenty patients (age 3-5 years) were selected from the outpatient clinic of the pedodontics department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University. The selected patients had (dmf) index for primary dentition ≤4, including lower right and left first primary molars. Each tooth was pulpotomy-treated and restored with either type of crowns (split-mouth technique). Then, ten swabs from the buccal mucosa, preveneered crown, and SSC surfaces were taken from each patient. Also, the gingival index (GI) and oral hygiene index (OHI-S) were measured at different times during the study. Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar (MSBA) was used as a selective medium for S. mutans growth. MSBA plates were taken in candle jar and incubated aerobically in 37°C for 48 h. Finally, bacteria were counted and expressed in colony forming unit (CFU). After 1, 2, and 4 weeks, mucosa and crown swabs of preveneered crown showed statistically significant higher mean CFU counts than SSC. Through the whole study period, the two restorations revealed a statistically significant decrease in mean CFU counts. Also, there was a statistically significant positive (direct) correlation between OHI-S, GI, and S. mutans counts on both restorations. The adhesion of S. mutans to preveneered crowns was higher than to SSC. Full mouth rehabilitation led to significant decrease in S. mutans count in the short term. An increase in S. mutans counts is associated with an increase in OHI-S and GI.
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the histopathological and immunohistochemical re... more This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the histopathological and immunohistochemical responses of dog’s dental pulp to formocresol pulpotomy versus jojoba. It was conducted on 32 primary molars of four dogs between the ages of one to two months. One of the dogs was used as control, while the rest of the molars were treated by formocresol and jojoba oil (pulpotomies). The animals were destroyed after one month. The pulp tissues of all the teeth were submitted to histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. The pulp of the Jojoba oil treated group revealed slight hypervascularization, some blood vessels showed dilatation and areas of pulp calcification were detected. The cellularity of the pulp and its fibrous elements appeared normally with no inflammatory cell infiltration, while the pulp treated with formocresol was highly vascularized with high number of chronic inflammatory cells, areas of calcification with obvious increased collagen fiber density, in addition to n...
Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental... more Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental age of eruption of primary and permanent teeth. Methods: Study sample consisted of 1526 apparently healthy children of both genders, 1020 children were selected from schools, and 506 children were selected from children attending Maternal and Child Welfare Centers. Results: Eruption sequence in primary teeth in both genders was: lower primary central incisor (LA), Upper primary central incisor (UA), upper primary lateral incisor (UB), lower primary lateral incisor (LB), upper primary first molar (UD), lower primary first molar (LD), Upper primary canine (UC), lower primary canine (LC), lower primary second molar (LE), and upper primary second molar (UE). Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in boys was: lower permanent first molar (L6), lower permanent central incisor (L1), lower permanent lateral incisor (L2), upper permanent central incisor (U1), upper permanent lateral incisor (U2...
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between early childhood cari... more Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between early childhood caries (ECC), body mass index and iron deficiency anemia. Methods: The study was conducted on 80 apparently healthy Egyptian children with ECC attending the Outpatient clinic in Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine-Cairo University. Dental examination was done for each child followed by anthropometric measurement and Laboratory analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20 for Windows. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Traumatic stage was the most prevalent stage among ECC children. There was no statistically significant association between BMI status and ECC stages. There was no statistically significant association between prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and ECC stages. Conclusions: ECC population isn’t at risk for iron deficiency anemia. ECC patients seek dental treatment at a late stag...
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of sodium fluoride and Bee Pro... more The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of sodium fluoride and Bee Propolis mouth rinses on salivary S. mutans count. Dental caries was recorded according to the criteria of WHO, 1997, using (dmf) index for primary dentition. Subjects: A sample composed of 60 children (30 boys and 30 girls) aged from 4- 6 years with mean age 4.7 where all children had only primary dentition to avoid extreme variables. The children were divided into two groups each of 30 children. Group I: used sodium fluoride mouthwash 0.025%. Group II: used propolis mouthwash (10% ethanolic extract) under their parent's supervision twice daily for one month. Methods: Saliva samples were collected from the children before using the mouthwash, after one week, after 2 weeks and after one month of use. The amount of S. mutans in the oral cavity of the tested children was evaluated using selective media for S. mutans TYCSB.The results showed the presence of a statistically significant diff...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the recommen... more PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the recommended infection control measures among postgraduate students in several dental schools. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among a group of postgraduate students in Cairo University using a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate their level of knowledge attitude, and practice regarding infection control measures. RESULTS: The response rate was 96%. Interesting areas were: Only 40% of the sample could describe the proper method of hands washing. Moving around while wearing face masks and protective gowns was reported by 32% and 28% of the sample, respectively. Data also showed that only 48% of the students had been vaccinated with required vaccines. Unfortunately, only 24% of sample displayed correct knowledge about the infections with the highest risk of transmission in the dental setting, whereas 90% knew how to handle an accidental needle prick. The overall da...
Objectives: This study aims to review all the available strategies and treatment protocols used f... more Objectives: This study aims to review all the available strategies and treatment protocols used for regeneration of necrotic immature roots in the published reported clinical cases. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The following electronic bibliographic databases; Pubmed, Scirus, Cochrane Library and Summon were searched, in addition to “hand searching” to identify other potentially relevant articles. A structured electronic search was carried out including; only terms related to the intervention. Relevant papers published in English were identified after reviewing their titles, abstracts then full reading of the papers. Findings: 32 papers were included according to the inclusion criteria. They were directly relevant to the subject; all of them are clinical studies following regenerative endodontic therapy to treat the necrotic immature teeth. Application/ Improvement: Different methodological steps are followed to regenerate the necrotic immature roots. Reviewing these variability and the different strategies followed was an important issue to reach evidence based guidelines and showed the clinical significance for application in the daily clinical practice.
Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative ... more Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative endodontic procedures. Photo-activated disinfection is a novel disinfection method that can help to achieve the goal of regenerative endodontics. This article reports the clinical and radiographic results after single visit regenerative endodontics using photo-activated disinfection. Methods: An 8.5-year-old girl complained of fractured upper right central incisor. Pulp necrosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings. The root canal was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite solution (1.5%) followed by saline. Then, the canal was dried with paper points. A combination of a photosensitizer solution and low power laser light were applied. EDTA solution was used as a final irrigant. Bleeding was induced, followed by placement of collagen resorbable matrix and white mineral trioxide aggregate. Two days later, the tooth was sealed and restored with permanent filling. Results: Clinical fi...
Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative ... more Background: Root canal disinfection is considered critical for achieving successful regenerative endodontic procedures. Photo-activated oral disinfection is a novel disinfection method that can help to achieve the goal of regenerative endodontics. This article reports the clinical and radiographic results after single visit regenerative endodontics using photo-activated oral disinfection. Methods: An 8.5-year-old girl complained of fractured upper right central incisor. Pulp necrosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings. The root canal was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite solution (1.5%) followed by saline. Then, the canal was dried with paper points. A combination of a photosensitizer solution and low power laser light were applied. EDTA solution was used as a final irrigant. Bleeding was induced, followed by placement of collagen resorbable matrix and white mineral trioxide aggregate. Two days later, the tooth was sealed and restored with permanent filling. Results: C...
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