Introducción: para prevenir las consecuencias de la exposición prenatal al alcohol se deben conoc... more Introducción: para prevenir las consecuencias de la exposición prenatal al alcohol se deben conocer los factores que determinan que una mujer decida consumir estando embarazada. Es objetivo de este trabajo evaluar características del entorno (las normas sociales percibidas, tanto descriptivas como prescriptivas) y su relación con el consumo de alcohol en mujeres gestantes argentinas. Método: se evaluó el consumo de alcohol antes y durante la gestación y las normas sociales descriptivas y prescriptivas en una muestra probabilística de 852 mujeres embarazadas. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de las categorías de normas sociales y para describirlas en base al consumo de alcohol se realizaron análisis de clases latentes. Resultados: el 87% de las gestantes considera que otras consumen alcohol y el 90% reconoció que las personas importantes para ellas desaprobarían el consumo. El análisis de clases latentes indicó un mejor ajuste del modelo de dos clases. La Clase 1 estuvo compuesta ...
Ingesta de alcohol y riesgo de lesiones. Las lesiones constituyen una de las causas principales d... more Ingesta de alcohol y riesgo de lesiones. Las lesiones constituyen una de las causas principales de morbi-mortalidad. La ingesta aguda de alcohol ha sido identificada como un factor de riesgo importante. Sin embargo, muy pocos estudios han explorado el nivel de riesgo de forma separada para lesiones intencionales y no intencionales causadas por siniestros de tráfico y por otras causas, lo que constituye el principal objetivo de este artículo. Se recolectaron datos de una muestra probabilística (n = 540) de pacientes ingresan-tes al servicio de emergencia de un hospital interzonal, en Mar del Plata, Argentina. Se efectuaron regresiones logísticas utilizando pacientes no lesionados como grupo control. Cuando el riesgo se evaluó usando nivel de alcohol en sangre como medida de consumo agudo en lugar de autoinforme, los riesgos hallados fueron más elevados. En cuanto a los grupos de causas, la magnitud de riesgo fue mayor para las lesiones intencionales, en segundo lugar para las no inte...
Interdisciplinaria Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines
La exposición prenatal al alcohol puede derivar en un espectro de trastornos congénitos, dentro d... more La exposición prenatal al alcohol puede derivar en un espectro de trastornos congénitos, dentro de los cuales el Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF) es el más severo. Esto es 100 % prevenible si no se consume alcohol durante la gestación, por lo que conocer los factores que determinan que una mujer consuma alcohol estando embarazada es fundamental. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar si características del entorno (como son las normas sociales prescriptivas o NSP) se relacionan con el consumo de alcohol durante la gestación en mujeres de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Para ello, se realizó un muestro probabilístico de 852 mujeres gestantes durante el año 2016 en los principales centros de atención primaria a la salud de la ciudad. Se evaluó el consumo de alcohol antes y durante la gestación a través del Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Consumo de Alcohol y las NSP con preguntas construidas ad hoc. El 87 % consideró que las otras gestantes consumen alcohol; de ellas, 5...
Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown... more The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown among Latin-American countries. This paper characterizes differences in alcohol consumption and related problems before and after the pandemic among Argentinians from different genders, age groups, income levels, and behaviors regarding the acquisition of alcoholic beverages. Through an online survey 1446 participants were assessed regarding four alcohol consumption dimensions (frequency, quantity, heavy episodic drinking -HED- and alcohol-related problems) three months prior and after the first cases in the country and subsequent lockdown measures. Overall, participants reported small reductions for usual consumption and moderate ones for HED and related problems. As expected, very high reductions were found for those underage (14 to 18 years), and young adults (19 to 24 years). Those who had an increase in income after the pandemic did not report changes in consumption, while those wh...
El consumo de alcohol es uno de los principales factores de riesgo. Para relevar las condiciones ... more El consumo de alcohol es uno de los principales factores de riesgo. Para relevar las condiciones previas al establecimiento de politicas publicas orientadas a disminuir el consumo de alcohol en Argentina, se tres objetivos: a) caracterizar la demanda y oferta de bebidas alcoholicas; b) evaluar la situacion normativa respecto de politicas de control de publicidad, promocion y patrocinio, y las pautas de publicidad televisiva; c) que modelos de carga de enfermedad atribuible y costo-efectividad de las intervenciones podrian ser aplicables. METODOS: Se analizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Gasto de los Hogares 2004/5 y 2012/3 y de la base Euromonitor Internacional. Se examinaron el marco normativo y las acciones televisivas de publicidad, promocion y patrocinio. Se reviso la literatura sobre modelos de carga de enfermedad y costo-efectividad de intervenciones. RESULTADOS: El consumo de bebidas alcoholicas no se entre 2004/5 y 2012/3, y la industria esta muy concentrada. El marco ...
Injuries constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, with intentional inj... more Injuries constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, with intentional injuries and those related to traffic most important, due to their social impact and high prevalence. Although alcohol consumption has been identified as a risk factor for injuries, few studies have assessed risk separately for intentional injuries and unintentional injuries caused by traffic, and by other causes. The objective of this paper was to estimate the risk of injuries after acute alcohol consumption for intentional injuries and unintentional traffic and non-traffic injuries, using, alternatively, two exposure measures: self-reported drinking prior to the event and blood alcohol concentration. A probability sample was collected of 540 patients from the emergency department of a hospital in Argentina. Logistic regressions were performed, with and without adjusting for gender, age and drinking pattern. Higher risks were found when blood alcohol concentration was used as a measure of ...
Aims The aims were to: (1) identify, monitor and analyse the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR... more Aims The aims were to: (1) identify, monitor and analyse the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices of the alcohol industry in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and (2) examine whether the alcohol industry is using these actions to market their products and brands.Methods Nine health experts from Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay conducted a content analysis of 218 CSRactivities using a standardized protocol. A content rating procedure was used to evaluate the marketing potential of CSR activities as well as their probable population reach and effectiveness. The LEAD procedure (longitudinal, expert and all data) was applied to verify the accuracy of industry-reported descriptions. Results A total of 55.8% of the actions were found to have amarketing potential, based on evidence that they are likely to promote brands and products. Actions withmarketing potential were more likely to reach a larger audience than actions classified with no marketing potential. Most actions did ...
El consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (en ingles binge drinking) es un problema de salud publi... more El consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (en ingles binge drinking) es un problema de salud publica que afecta principalmente a los mas jovenes y que tiene una alta prevalencia entre los estudiantes universitarios. Se caracteriza por el consumo de 5 o mas unidades estandar en una misma ocasion. Este trabajo se propone estudiar los determinantes cognitivos y motivacionales del consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (CEEA) en estudiantes de la carrera de Psicologia de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, desde la Teoria del Comportamiento Planeado (TCP). Para la recoleccion de los datos se utilizo, un cuestionario que evalua las principales variables del modelo (TCP): la intencion, la actitud, la norma subjetiva y la percepcion de control conductual. Los datos se analizaron mediante tecnicas de analisis de regresion lineal. Los resultados muestran que la actitud junto con la autoeficacia predicen la intencion de CEEA en este grupo. Se espera que esta informacion permita el diseno ...
Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health, 2015
OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el consumo de alcohol de mujeres argentinas antes y durante la gestacion e... more OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el consumo de alcohol de mujeres argentinas antes y durante la gestacion e identificar los factores asociados con ese consumo y con los cambios relacionados con la gestacion. METODOS: Estudio observacional transversal. Se entrevistaron mujeres puerperas atendidas en dos centros de atencion perinatal de la ciudad de Santa Fe, Argentina. Se recabo la informacion sociodemografica de las participantes y datos de su consumo de alcohol, entre otros. Se realizo un analisis descriptivo de las prevalencias de consumo y se identificaron los factores asociados con los patrones de consumo de alcohol mediante analisis de medidas repetidas. RESULTADOS: De las 614 participantes, 75,2% habia consumido al menos un trago (unidad estandar) de alcohol durante la gestacion y 83,3% lo habia hecho durante el ultimo ano; 15,1% reconocio haber tenido al menos un evento de consumo excesivo episodico (5 tragos o mas) durante la gestacion y 27,6% durante el ano anterior a la gestacion. S...
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown... more The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown among Latin-American countries. This paper characterizes differences in alcohol consumption and related problems before and during the pandemic among Argentinians from different genders, age groups, income levels, and behaviors regarding the acquisition of alcoholic beverages. Through an online survey 1446 participants were assessed regarding four alcohol consumption dimensions (frequency, quantity, heavy episodic drinking-HED-and alcohol-related problems) three months prior and after the first cases in the country and subsequent lockdown measures. Overall, participants reported small reductions for usual consumption and moderate ones for HED and related problems. As expected, very high reductions were found for those underage (14 to 18 years), and young adults (19 to 24 years). Those who had an increase in income after the pandemic did not report changes in consumption, while those who...
According to the dual process model, the interaction between explicit (controlled) and implicit (... more According to the dual process model, the interaction between explicit (controlled) and implicit (automatic) cognitions would allow the understanding of irrational actions like addictive behaviors. This model has gained great popularity among addiction researchers, leading to an exponential growth in publications on implicit alcohol related cognition (IAC). Hence, the goal of this article is to identify trends in the study of IAC by means of a bibliometric and content analysis of the empirical studies published up to May, 2013. Throughout this paper, the studied topics of IAC were characterized, the most prolific countries, authors and journals were recognized, the most cited publications were detected and the most employed methods were identified.
Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a spectrum of congenital disorders for the fetus with perma... more Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a spectrum of congenital disorders for the fetus with permanent consequences, known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), within which Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (SAF) is its most severe extreme. All FASD are 100 % preventable if no alcohol is consumed during pregnancy, so knowing the factors that determine that a woman decides to drink while pregnant is essential to develop effective prevention plans. Among these factors are the phenomena of social influence such as perceived social norms (PSN), both descriptive and prescriptive. The PSN are transmitted by social interaction and produced based on the perception of the beliefs or behaviors of others, beyond their real actions. It has been identified that PSN predict alcohol consumption in various populations, such as university students, but research is almost non-existent with pregnant women. The aim of this study is to assess whether environmental characteristics (such as PSN) are related to...
Este trabajo fue desarrollado con el apoyo financiero del International Development Research Cent... more Este trabajo fue desarrollado con el apoyo financiero del International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada. Los puntos de vistas expresados aqui no representan necesariamente la posicion del IDRC o el de su Consejo de Gobernadores.
The aim of this article was to analyze the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the A... more The aim of this article was to analyze the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire Adolescents (AEQ-A) in university students from Mar del Plata city, Argentina. Expectancies about the effects of alcohol refer to the beliefs that people hold about the consequences of alcohol consumption on behavior. Expectancies have been related to drinking initiation and maintenance, and to habitual drinking patterns. Although several questionnaires have been developed to measure expectancies, the AEQ-A has been one of the most frequently used. Studies in different cultural contexts have shown that, given expectancies’ cultural variability, the questionnaire must be adapted to each particular context. A version of the AEQ-A previously validated in Mar del Plata, Argentina, was used, consisting of 40 items measured on a (true / false) dichotomous scale. The sample consisted of 1076 psychology students from the National University of Mar del Plata, Argen...
Alcohol drinking during pregnancy might lead to detrimental consequences to the mother and fetus,... more Alcohol drinking during pregnancy might lead to detrimental consequences to the mother and fetus, being Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) the most severe. In many Latin-American countries, there is a paucity of information about prenatal exposure to alcohol. Aim. To estimate alcohol drinking in pregnant women and describe it concerning sociodemographic characteristics. Method. Data were collected from a random sample of women attending the public health care system (N=852) in 2016. Alcohol drinking, including binge drinking (BD), was evaluated before and after pregnancy recognition. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. Results. While pregnant, two out of ten women reported drinking. Moreover, 2% engaged in BD and 3% presented indicators of alcohol dependence. BD before pregnancy was related to drinking during pregnancy and frequency, quantity, and BD before pregnancy with BD during pregnancy. Conclusions. Alcohol consumption in pregnant women was higher than the estimated f...
This study aimed to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria that better characterized those ... more This study aimed to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria that better characterized those who seek treatment and those who recover on their own. We gathered data from help-seeking (HS) patients in an alcohol unit and compared them with self-achieved remission (SAR) patients. The best criteria to predict HS were psychological problems due to use, physical problems due to use, repeated attempts or desire to stop using, and not being able to stop drinking. The best criteria to predict SAR were tolerance, craving, hazardous use, much time spent, larger/longer use than intended, and role impairment. We discuss the impact of these results in current efforts to improve the accuracy of AUD diagnosis.
El consumo abusivo de alcohol puede ser abandonado sin ayuda formal, sin ambargo, la información ... more El consumo abusivo de alcohol puede ser abandonado sin ayuda formal, sin ambargo, la información sobre este hecho es escasa, especialmente en jóvenes que adoptan este tipo de consumo. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar la prevalencia de cambio natural del consumo excesivo episódico de alcohol y explorar su relación con consecuencias adversas del consumo y otras características individuales en jóvenes universitarios. En una muestra aleatoria de 828 estudiantes se evaluó el consumo excesivo episódico pasado/actual, problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol, uso de otras sustancias psicoactivas, género y estado civil. La prevalencia de cambio natural fue de 7%. El cambio en el consumo excesivo episódico implicó menor probabilidad de problemas psíquicos, episodios de amnesia anterógrada, lesiones, consumo de otras sustancias y una mayor probabilidad de estar en pareja. Se discute el rol de la severidad de las consecuencias en el cambio natural del consumo, posibles factores d...
Introducción: para prevenir las consecuencias de la exposición prenatal al alcohol se deben conoc... more Introducción: para prevenir las consecuencias de la exposición prenatal al alcohol se deben conocer los factores que determinan que una mujer decida consumir estando embarazada. Es objetivo de este trabajo evaluar características del entorno (las normas sociales percibidas, tanto descriptivas como prescriptivas) y su relación con el consumo de alcohol en mujeres gestantes argentinas. Método: se evaluó el consumo de alcohol antes y durante la gestación y las normas sociales descriptivas y prescriptivas en una muestra probabilística de 852 mujeres embarazadas. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de las categorías de normas sociales y para describirlas en base al consumo de alcohol se realizaron análisis de clases latentes. Resultados: el 87% de las gestantes considera que otras consumen alcohol y el 90% reconoció que las personas importantes para ellas desaprobarían el consumo. El análisis de clases latentes indicó un mejor ajuste del modelo de dos clases. La Clase 1 estuvo compuesta ...
Ingesta de alcohol y riesgo de lesiones. Las lesiones constituyen una de las causas principales d... more Ingesta de alcohol y riesgo de lesiones. Las lesiones constituyen una de las causas principales de morbi-mortalidad. La ingesta aguda de alcohol ha sido identificada como un factor de riesgo importante. Sin embargo, muy pocos estudios han explorado el nivel de riesgo de forma separada para lesiones intencionales y no intencionales causadas por siniestros de tráfico y por otras causas, lo que constituye el principal objetivo de este artículo. Se recolectaron datos de una muestra probabilística (n = 540) de pacientes ingresan-tes al servicio de emergencia de un hospital interzonal, en Mar del Plata, Argentina. Se efectuaron regresiones logísticas utilizando pacientes no lesionados como grupo control. Cuando el riesgo se evaluó usando nivel de alcohol en sangre como medida de consumo agudo en lugar de autoinforme, los riesgos hallados fueron más elevados. En cuanto a los grupos de causas, la magnitud de riesgo fue mayor para las lesiones intencionales, en segundo lugar para las no inte...
Interdisciplinaria Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines
La exposición prenatal al alcohol puede derivar en un espectro de trastornos congénitos, dentro d... more La exposición prenatal al alcohol puede derivar en un espectro de trastornos congénitos, dentro de los cuales el Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF) es el más severo. Esto es 100 % prevenible si no se consume alcohol durante la gestación, por lo que conocer los factores que determinan que una mujer consuma alcohol estando embarazada es fundamental. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar si características del entorno (como son las normas sociales prescriptivas o NSP) se relacionan con el consumo de alcohol durante la gestación en mujeres de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Para ello, se realizó un muestro probabilístico de 852 mujeres gestantes durante el año 2016 en los principales centros de atención primaria a la salud de la ciudad. Se evaluó el consumo de alcohol antes y durante la gestación a través del Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Consumo de Alcohol y las NSP con preguntas construidas ad hoc. El 87 % consideró que las otras gestantes consumen alcohol; de ellas, 5...
Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown... more The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown among Latin-American countries. This paper characterizes differences in alcohol consumption and related problems before and after the pandemic among Argentinians from different genders, age groups, income levels, and behaviors regarding the acquisition of alcoholic beverages. Through an online survey 1446 participants were assessed regarding four alcohol consumption dimensions (frequency, quantity, heavy episodic drinking -HED- and alcohol-related problems) three months prior and after the first cases in the country and subsequent lockdown measures. Overall, participants reported small reductions for usual consumption and moderate ones for HED and related problems. As expected, very high reductions were found for those underage (14 to 18 years), and young adults (19 to 24 years). Those who had an increase in income after the pandemic did not report changes in consumption, while those wh...
El consumo de alcohol es uno de los principales factores de riesgo. Para relevar las condiciones ... more El consumo de alcohol es uno de los principales factores de riesgo. Para relevar las condiciones previas al establecimiento de politicas publicas orientadas a disminuir el consumo de alcohol en Argentina, se tres objetivos: a) caracterizar la demanda y oferta de bebidas alcoholicas; b) evaluar la situacion normativa respecto de politicas de control de publicidad, promocion y patrocinio, y las pautas de publicidad televisiva; c) que modelos de carga de enfermedad atribuible y costo-efectividad de las intervenciones podrian ser aplicables. METODOS: Se analizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Gasto de los Hogares 2004/5 y 2012/3 y de la base Euromonitor Internacional. Se examinaron el marco normativo y las acciones televisivas de publicidad, promocion y patrocinio. Se reviso la literatura sobre modelos de carga de enfermedad y costo-efectividad de intervenciones. RESULTADOS: El consumo de bebidas alcoholicas no se entre 2004/5 y 2012/3, y la industria esta muy concentrada. El marco ...
Injuries constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, with intentional inj... more Injuries constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, with intentional injuries and those related to traffic most important, due to their social impact and high prevalence. Although alcohol consumption has been identified as a risk factor for injuries, few studies have assessed risk separately for intentional injuries and unintentional injuries caused by traffic, and by other causes. The objective of this paper was to estimate the risk of injuries after acute alcohol consumption for intentional injuries and unintentional traffic and non-traffic injuries, using, alternatively, two exposure measures: self-reported drinking prior to the event and blood alcohol concentration. A probability sample was collected of 540 patients from the emergency department of a hospital in Argentina. Logistic regressions were performed, with and without adjusting for gender, age and drinking pattern. Higher risks were found when blood alcohol concentration was used as a measure of ...
Aims The aims were to: (1) identify, monitor and analyse the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR... more Aims The aims were to: (1) identify, monitor and analyse the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices of the alcohol industry in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and (2) examine whether the alcohol industry is using these actions to market their products and brands.Methods Nine health experts from Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay conducted a content analysis of 218 CSRactivities using a standardized protocol. A content rating procedure was used to evaluate the marketing potential of CSR activities as well as their probable population reach and effectiveness. The LEAD procedure (longitudinal, expert and all data) was applied to verify the accuracy of industry-reported descriptions. Results A total of 55.8% of the actions were found to have amarketing potential, based on evidence that they are likely to promote brands and products. Actions withmarketing potential were more likely to reach a larger audience than actions classified with no marketing potential. Most actions did ...
El consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (en ingles binge drinking) es un problema de salud publi... more El consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (en ingles binge drinking) es un problema de salud publica que afecta principalmente a los mas jovenes y que tiene una alta prevalencia entre los estudiantes universitarios. Se caracteriza por el consumo de 5 o mas unidades estandar en una misma ocasion. Este trabajo se propone estudiar los determinantes cognitivos y motivacionales del consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol (CEEA) en estudiantes de la carrera de Psicologia de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, desde la Teoria del Comportamiento Planeado (TCP). Para la recoleccion de los datos se utilizo, un cuestionario que evalua las principales variables del modelo (TCP): la intencion, la actitud, la norma subjetiva y la percepcion de control conductual. Los datos se analizaron mediante tecnicas de analisis de regresion lineal. Los resultados muestran que la actitud junto con la autoeficacia predicen la intencion de CEEA en este grupo. Se espera que esta informacion permita el diseno ...
Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health, 2015
OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el consumo de alcohol de mujeres argentinas antes y durante la gestacion e... more OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el consumo de alcohol de mujeres argentinas antes y durante la gestacion e identificar los factores asociados con ese consumo y con los cambios relacionados con la gestacion. METODOS: Estudio observacional transversal. Se entrevistaron mujeres puerperas atendidas en dos centros de atencion perinatal de la ciudad de Santa Fe, Argentina. Se recabo la informacion sociodemografica de las participantes y datos de su consumo de alcohol, entre otros. Se realizo un analisis descriptivo de las prevalencias de consumo y se identificaron los factores asociados con los patrones de consumo de alcohol mediante analisis de medidas repetidas. RESULTADOS: De las 614 participantes, 75,2% habia consumido al menos un trago (unidad estandar) de alcohol durante la gestacion y 83,3% lo habia hecho durante el ultimo ano; 15,1% reconocio haber tenido al menos un evento de consumo excesivo episodico (5 tragos o mas) durante la gestacion y 27,6% durante el ano anterior a la gestacion. S...
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown... more The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation measures on alcohol consumption remains unknown among Latin-American countries. This paper characterizes differences in alcohol consumption and related problems before and during the pandemic among Argentinians from different genders, age groups, income levels, and behaviors regarding the acquisition of alcoholic beverages. Through an online survey 1446 participants were assessed regarding four alcohol consumption dimensions (frequency, quantity, heavy episodic drinking-HED-and alcohol-related problems) three months prior and after the first cases in the country and subsequent lockdown measures. Overall, participants reported small reductions for usual consumption and moderate ones for HED and related problems. As expected, very high reductions were found for those underage (14 to 18 years), and young adults (19 to 24 years). Those who had an increase in income after the pandemic did not report changes in consumption, while those who...
According to the dual process model, the interaction between explicit (controlled) and implicit (... more According to the dual process model, the interaction between explicit (controlled) and implicit (automatic) cognitions would allow the understanding of irrational actions like addictive behaviors. This model has gained great popularity among addiction researchers, leading to an exponential growth in publications on implicit alcohol related cognition (IAC). Hence, the goal of this article is to identify trends in the study of IAC by means of a bibliometric and content analysis of the empirical studies published up to May, 2013. Throughout this paper, the studied topics of IAC were characterized, the most prolific countries, authors and journals were recognized, the most cited publications were detected and the most employed methods were identified.
Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a spectrum of congenital disorders for the fetus with perma... more Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a spectrum of congenital disorders for the fetus with permanent consequences, known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), within which Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (SAF) is its most severe extreme. All FASD are 100 % preventable if no alcohol is consumed during pregnancy, so knowing the factors that determine that a woman decides to drink while pregnant is essential to develop effective prevention plans. Among these factors are the phenomena of social influence such as perceived social norms (PSN), both descriptive and prescriptive. The PSN are transmitted by social interaction and produced based on the perception of the beliefs or behaviors of others, beyond their real actions. It has been identified that PSN predict alcohol consumption in various populations, such as university students, but research is almost non-existent with pregnant women. The aim of this study is to assess whether environmental characteristics (such as PSN) are related to...
Este trabajo fue desarrollado con el apoyo financiero del International Development Research Cent... more Este trabajo fue desarrollado con el apoyo financiero del International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada. Los puntos de vistas expresados aqui no representan necesariamente la posicion del IDRC o el de su Consejo de Gobernadores.
The aim of this article was to analyze the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the A... more The aim of this article was to analyze the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire Adolescents (AEQ-A) in university students from Mar del Plata city, Argentina. Expectancies about the effects of alcohol refer to the beliefs that people hold about the consequences of alcohol consumption on behavior. Expectancies have been related to drinking initiation and maintenance, and to habitual drinking patterns. Although several questionnaires have been developed to measure expectancies, the AEQ-A has been one of the most frequently used. Studies in different cultural contexts have shown that, given expectancies’ cultural variability, the questionnaire must be adapted to each particular context. A version of the AEQ-A previously validated in Mar del Plata, Argentina, was used, consisting of 40 items measured on a (true / false) dichotomous scale. The sample consisted of 1076 psychology students from the National University of Mar del Plata, Argen...
Alcohol drinking during pregnancy might lead to detrimental consequences to the mother and fetus,... more Alcohol drinking during pregnancy might lead to detrimental consequences to the mother and fetus, being Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) the most severe. In many Latin-American countries, there is a paucity of information about prenatal exposure to alcohol. Aim. To estimate alcohol drinking in pregnant women and describe it concerning sociodemographic characteristics. Method. Data were collected from a random sample of women attending the public health care system (N=852) in 2016. Alcohol drinking, including binge drinking (BD), was evaluated before and after pregnancy recognition. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. Results. While pregnant, two out of ten women reported drinking. Moreover, 2% engaged in BD and 3% presented indicators of alcohol dependence. BD before pregnancy was related to drinking during pregnancy and frequency, quantity, and BD before pregnancy with BD during pregnancy. Conclusions. Alcohol consumption in pregnant women was higher than the estimated f...
This study aimed to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria that better characterized those ... more This study aimed to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria that better characterized those who seek treatment and those who recover on their own. We gathered data from help-seeking (HS) patients in an alcohol unit and compared them with self-achieved remission (SAR) patients. The best criteria to predict HS were psychological problems due to use, physical problems due to use, repeated attempts or desire to stop using, and not being able to stop drinking. The best criteria to predict SAR were tolerance, craving, hazardous use, much time spent, larger/longer use than intended, and role impairment. We discuss the impact of these results in current efforts to improve the accuracy of AUD diagnosis.
El consumo abusivo de alcohol puede ser abandonado sin ayuda formal, sin ambargo, la información ... more El consumo abusivo de alcohol puede ser abandonado sin ayuda formal, sin ambargo, la información sobre este hecho es escasa, especialmente en jóvenes que adoptan este tipo de consumo. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar la prevalencia de cambio natural del consumo excesivo episódico de alcohol y explorar su relación con consecuencias adversas del consumo y otras características individuales en jóvenes universitarios. En una muestra aleatoria de 828 estudiantes se evaluó el consumo excesivo episódico pasado/actual, problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol, uso de otras sustancias psicoactivas, género y estado civil. La prevalencia de cambio natural fue de 7%. El cambio en el consumo excesivo episódico implicó menor probabilidad de problemas psíquicos, episodios de amnesia anterógrada, lesiones, consumo de otras sustancias y una mayor probabilidad de estar en pareja. Se discute el rol de la severidad de las consecuencias en el cambio natural del consumo, posibles factores d...
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