Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable developm... more Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable development goal "Clean water and sanitation" in rural communities. A key parameter for the installation of new water pumps is geographical position, because the number of people who could gain access to drinking water depends on the location of the pump. To improve the choice of the most appropriate location, we propose a decision support tool to place a new drinking water source in a rural community. This tool relies on four complementary maps, which are obtained from GPS data, survey data, and a water source choice model. The first map shows the spatial distribution of the households and of the existing water sources in the village. The three remaining maps present the following quantities as a function of the position of a new drinking water source in the village: the number of users of the new drinking water source, the improvement of drinking water access, and the daily water demand per capita at the new drinking water source. The decision support tool is applied to a village in Burkina Faso. Results indicate that using the proposed method could allow eight times more people to gain access to drinking water in comparison to a random positioning of the new drinking water source. The original contribution of this work is, first, the consideration of existing water sources in the village, as well as seasonality. Second, we base our analysis on a water source choice model, which accounts for water quality in addition to the distance to the water source. Third, we consider the variability of the water volume collected by the households throughout the village. The developed tool is generic, transferable to other villages and useful for various decision-making entities (e.g. local authorities and non-governmental organizations).
1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for T... more 1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Group of Electrical Engineering Paris (GeePs), CentraleSupélec, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 4 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 5 Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand 6 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 7 (Retired) Ricerca sul Sistema Elettrico, Milano, Italy (formerly)
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Dec 1, 2015
We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of mod... more We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of modulated double helical coils (MDHC). It is assumed that the coils are tightly wound and can be approximated by two infinite thin current sheets. From each coil parametric equation, the surface current density is derived by considering the turn-to-turn spacing. The field inside and outside each coil is then calculated by decomposing the surface current density into three contributions. By summation, the field of any MDHC can be obtained. As a validation, we evaluate the field of a superconducting double helical quadrupole. A good agree- ment is found between analytical and numerical results. From the field, the main coil parameters can be quickly estimated with a fair accuracy. This can be useful for the design an optimization of advanced magnets, both conventional and superconducting.
Superconductor Science and Technology, Dec 4, 2017
Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and as... more Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and assembled to obtain several REBCO modules. Their levitation responses over two different permanent magnet (PM) guideways were investigated by experiment and finite element simulation. For the experiment, a test rig was developed that can measure the force in the three directions for any given relative movement between the REBCO stacks and the PM guideway. For the finite element simulation, a 2D H-formulation was adopted. To treat the high aspect ratio of REBCO tapes, an anisotropic homogenization technique was used. The agreement between the measurements and the simulations is good, thus validating the modeling methodology. It was observed from the experiment and simulation results that the perpendicular field contributes to the levitation force whereas the parallel field is responsible for the guidance force, as a result of the existence of anisotropy on the local magnetic stimulation. Based on that, promising REBCO modules including both longitudinal and transverse arrangements of REBCO stacks were proposed and tested, in terms of providing a significant levitation force with the lateral stability preserved. Moreover, a pre-load process able to suppress the relaxation of the levitation force was put forward. To conclude, this study outlines explicit principles to obtain an appropriate layout of coated conductor stacks that could be effective for practical magnetic levitation operation.
Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable developm... more Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable development goal "Clean water and sanitation" in rural communities. A key parameter for the installation of new water pumps is geographical position, because the number of people who could gain access to drinking water depends on the location of the pump. To improve the choice of the most appropriate location, we propose a decision support tool to place a new drinking water source in a rural community. This tool relies on four complementary maps, which are obtained from GPS data, survey data, and a water source choice model. The first map shows the spatial distribution of the households and of the existing water sources in the village. The three remaining maps present the following quantities as a function of the position of a new drinking water source in the village: the number of users of the new drinking water source, the improvement of drinking water access, and the daily water demand per capita at the new drinking water source. The decision support tool is applied to a village in Burkina Faso. Results indicate that using the proposed method could allow eight times more people to gain access to drinking water in comparison to a random positioning of the new drinking water source. The original contribution of this work is, first, the consideration of existing water sources in the village, as well as seasonality. Second, we base our analysis on a water source choice model, which accounts for water quality in addition to the distance to the water source. Third, we consider the variability of the water volume collected by the households throughout the village. The developed tool is generic, transferable to other villages and useful for various decision-making entities (e.g. local authorities and non-governmental organizations).
1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for T... more 1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Group of Electrical Engineering Paris (GeePs), CentraleSupélec, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 4 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 5 Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand 6 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 7 (Retired) Ricerca sul Sistema Elettrico, Milano, Italy (formerly)
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Dec 1, 2015
We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of mod... more We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of modulated double helical coils (MDHC). It is assumed that the coils are tightly wound and can be approximated by two infinite thin current sheets. From each coil parametric equation, the surface current density is derived by considering the turn-to-turn spacing. The field inside and outside each coil is then calculated by decomposing the surface current density into three contributions. By summation, the field of any MDHC can be obtained. As a validation, we evaluate the field of a superconducting double helical quadrupole. A good agree- ment is found between analytical and numerical results. From the field, the main coil parameters can be quickly estimated with a fair accuracy. This can be useful for the design an optimization of advanced magnets, both conventional and superconducting.
Superconductor Science and Technology, Dec 4, 2017
Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and as... more Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and assembled to obtain several REBCO modules. Their levitation responses over two different permanent magnet (PM) guideways were investigated by experiment and finite element simulation. For the experiment, a test rig was developed that can measure the force in the three directions for any given relative movement between the REBCO stacks and the PM guideway. For the finite element simulation, a 2D H-formulation was adopted. To treat the high aspect ratio of REBCO tapes, an anisotropic homogenization technique was used. The agreement between the measurements and the simulations is good, thus validating the modeling methodology. It was observed from the experiment and simulation results that the perpendicular field contributes to the levitation force whereas the parallel field is responsible for the guidance force, as a result of the existence of anisotropy on the local magnetic stimulation. Based on that, promising REBCO modules including both longitudinal and transverse arrangements of REBCO stacks were proposed and tested, in terms of providing a significant levitation force with the lateral stability preserved. Moreover, a pre-load process able to suppress the relaxation of the levitation force was put forward. To conclude, this study outlines explicit principles to obtain an appropriate layout of coated conductor stacks that could be effective for practical magnetic levitation operation.
Here is our last project: Turning Sun into Water. We plan to install and monitor a solar pumping ... more Here is our last project: Turning Sun into Water. We plan to install and monitor a solar pumping system in Burkina Faso with the goal to design systems which are more sustainable and better adapted to peoples need ! Back our project : https://www.kisskissbankbank.com/turning-sun-into-water
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