122-127Road traffic crashes are still a major cause of death, injuries and economic loss in India... more 122-127Road traffic crashes are still a major cause of death, injuries and economic loss in India due to increasing number of old and unmaintained vehicles, inexperienced drivers and increasing number of aggressive and impulsive road users. But, unfortunately road safety is still not considered as a major priority for a sustainable transport system. So, there is an urgent demand to develop comprehensive Road Safety Policies. The key components of such policies should be based on strong commitments in increased acceptance of road safety as a problem, development of safety culture in society and coordination of all the policy makers. To inculcate safety culture within the society, dynamic safety standards should be introduced in all components of the transport system to stimulate continuous development. In particular this applies to: vehicle component for developing safety awareness among consumers and manufacturers; road component for introducing compulsory Road Safety Audits of Roads at the construction stage and develop safety assessment methods for existing roads, and driver component for continuous development of effective testing and evaluation system with awareness plan for driver licensing, education and testing of professional drivers. A case study conducted by CSIR-Central Road Research Institute for driver components highlights that the specially trained drivers had significantly give superior performance in different evaluation criteria (tests) as compared to the normally trained group of the drivers. Present paper emphasizes the urgent demand of an effective and uniform driver testing and training system for inculcating safety culture in India
The Yamuna Expressway Project is conceived with the idea to not only reduce the travel time betwe... more The Yamuna Expressway Project is conceived with the idea to not only reduce the travel time between New Delhi and Agra but also to open up avenue for industrial and urban development of the region and provide the base for convergence to tourism and other allied industries. The Government of Uttar Pradesh has been working proactively to improve the connectivity of the National Capital Region (NCR) to improve tourist attraction of Taj Mahal at Agra through the new 6 lanes (extendable to 8 lanes) Access Controlled Expressway with brand name of Yamuna Expressway. The 23.4 km long section of the Yamuna Expressway joins the Noida and Greater Noida. The study stretch starts from Amity University at Noida and ends at Pari Chowk in Greater Noida. The road is 6 lanes divided by approximately 3 m wide median and has 1.5 m paved shoulders. On Yamuna Expressway section joining Noida and Greater Noida, the rate of accidents is much higher than the national average. Degree of fatality is also very...
During the last two decades, developing countries such as India have been exhibiting rapid increa... more During the last two decades, developing countries such as India have been exhibiting rapid increase in human population and vehicles and increase in road accidents. In appropriate driving behaviour is considered to be one of the major causes of road accidents in India as compared to defective geometric design of pavement or mechanical defects in vehicles. Apart from the other factors causing accidents such as poor road design, vehicle conditions, driver characteristics of frequent traffic violations, increase in crashes due to self-centred driving, etc. It can also be resulted in conditions such as lack of psychophysical abilities e.g. poor eye sight, poor vision at night time, glare blindness etc. Hence, improved driver screening facilities accompanied by availability of good driving aids such as anti glare glasses can be an effective and preventive measure to inhibit crash risks.This paper is based on a case study jointly done by CSIR-Central Road Research Institute and Institute ...
... in this paper is that gender difference plays an important role in the impor-tance attached t... more ... in this paper is that gender difference plays an important role in the impor-tance attached to different parameters of the walk-ability index. ... equal numbers of male and female pedestrians in different land uses in Delhi, India, were interviewed with a view to understanding the ...
Non-motorized trips (NMT) in Indian cities always play major role in present sustainable part of ... more Non-motorized trips (NMT) in Indian cities always play major role in present sustainable part of transportation. However, this is not due to NMT based planning, policy, infrastructure, investment, management or enforcement. NMT trips survive only due to captive users. Though, in last few decades scenario has changed and is moving rapidly towards motorized way of travelling. This lead to many a problems like congestion, pollution and accidents. Only in recent past some encouragement has been shown for NMTs in National Policy. This paper presents the amount of NMTs in India, trend of NMTs, crash patterns involving NMTs and infrastructure suitability. Finally it has concluded that the present need of Indian cities is to recognize and encourage the most primitive modes of transport through all possible measures.
There are several tools and methods developed for evaluation of sidewalks at street level. But mo... more There are several tools and methods developed for evaluation of sidewalks at street level. But most of the tools have neglected the importance of considering pedestrians’ perception in assessing Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) of sidewalks. Therefore, in contrast to the earlier research work at the level of service of sidewalks, the present study developed a PLOS model to assess street level sidewalk infrastructure facilities from various land uses considering pedestrians’ perceptions. This study specifies 10 sidewalk characteristics that cater various pedestrian needs based on the type of land uses where they belong to. The proposed method has been tested in five Indian cities viz; Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara, Surat and Ahmedabad. The results of the study indicate that PLOS is capable of identifying the main shortcoming of the street network and sidewalk infrastructure in the form of physical and user characteristics. This method allows pedestrians to convey their needs and expectat...
Study analysis has been carried out to comprehend the influence of bi-directional movement at a s... more Study analysis has been carried out to comprehend the influence of bi-directional movement at a stairway inside Dadar railway station in Mumbai, India. Collected data were used for developing the fundamental macroscopic speed-flow relationship. Based on directional distribution ratio, available space for individual direction was found through acquisition of coordinates. The result of this study shows that unbalanced distribution ratio reduces the average walking speed in individual direction as well as capacity of the stairway. The effect of bi-directional movement is found to be more significant, when distribution ratio decreases from 0.6 in descending direction, making ascending flow more dominant. Maximum capacity is obtained at distribution ratio of 0.6. At this ratio, descending flow is highly influenced with opposing minor flow by maximum conflict between two streams resulting into highest difference in the walking speed of both directions. The methodology and the results obta...
In this paper the authors look at the usage patterns of women traveling on bus and metro in Delhi... more In this paper the authors look at the usage patterns of women traveling on bus and metro in Delhi, India, focusing on how these patterns compare between the two modes, time of day, geographic location in the city, and to that of men. Although small scale and exploratory, this research may be considered important in view of recent concerns regarding women’s security, especially while using public spaces and transportation. Their use approach to public transportation is a starting point for gauging larger urban dynamics within Delhi, namely how accessible the city is for women and the extent to which gender-based social exclusion is occurring. Main findings are that women stop using public transportation earlier into the evening than men with some variation between bus and metro users. Women using the metro show more clear patterns of ‘peak’ and ‘nonpeak’ travel and geography and built form around metro stations seems to impact ridership trends. The paper dwells on how these patterns ...
122-127Road traffic crashes are still a major cause of death, injuries and economic loss in India... more 122-127Road traffic crashes are still a major cause of death, injuries and economic loss in India due to increasing number of old and unmaintained vehicles, inexperienced drivers and increasing number of aggressive and impulsive road users. But, unfortunately road safety is still not considered as a major priority for a sustainable transport system. So, there is an urgent demand to develop comprehensive Road Safety Policies. The key components of such policies should be based on strong commitments in increased acceptance of road safety as a problem, development of safety culture in society and coordination of all the policy makers. To inculcate safety culture within the society, dynamic safety standards should be introduced in all components of the transport system to stimulate continuous development. In particular this applies to: vehicle component for developing safety awareness among consumers and manufacturers; road component for introducing compulsory Road Safety Audits of Roads at the construction stage and develop safety assessment methods for existing roads, and driver component for continuous development of effective testing and evaluation system with awareness plan for driver licensing, education and testing of professional drivers. A case study conducted by CSIR-Central Road Research Institute for driver components highlights that the specially trained drivers had significantly give superior performance in different evaluation criteria (tests) as compared to the normally trained group of the drivers. Present paper emphasizes the urgent demand of an effective and uniform driver testing and training system for inculcating safety culture in India
The Yamuna Expressway Project is conceived with the idea to not only reduce the travel time betwe... more The Yamuna Expressway Project is conceived with the idea to not only reduce the travel time between New Delhi and Agra but also to open up avenue for industrial and urban development of the region and provide the base for convergence to tourism and other allied industries. The Government of Uttar Pradesh has been working proactively to improve the connectivity of the National Capital Region (NCR) to improve tourist attraction of Taj Mahal at Agra through the new 6 lanes (extendable to 8 lanes) Access Controlled Expressway with brand name of Yamuna Expressway. The 23.4 km long section of the Yamuna Expressway joins the Noida and Greater Noida. The study stretch starts from Amity University at Noida and ends at Pari Chowk in Greater Noida. The road is 6 lanes divided by approximately 3 m wide median and has 1.5 m paved shoulders. On Yamuna Expressway section joining Noida and Greater Noida, the rate of accidents is much higher than the national average. Degree of fatality is also very...
During the last two decades, developing countries such as India have been exhibiting rapid increa... more During the last two decades, developing countries such as India have been exhibiting rapid increase in human population and vehicles and increase in road accidents. In appropriate driving behaviour is considered to be one of the major causes of road accidents in India as compared to defective geometric design of pavement or mechanical defects in vehicles. Apart from the other factors causing accidents such as poor road design, vehicle conditions, driver characteristics of frequent traffic violations, increase in crashes due to self-centred driving, etc. It can also be resulted in conditions such as lack of psychophysical abilities e.g. poor eye sight, poor vision at night time, glare blindness etc. Hence, improved driver screening facilities accompanied by availability of good driving aids such as anti glare glasses can be an effective and preventive measure to inhibit crash risks.This paper is based on a case study jointly done by CSIR-Central Road Research Institute and Institute ...
... in this paper is that gender difference plays an important role in the impor-tance attached t... more ... in this paper is that gender difference plays an important role in the impor-tance attached to different parameters of the walk-ability index. ... equal numbers of male and female pedestrians in different land uses in Delhi, India, were interviewed with a view to understanding the ...
Non-motorized trips (NMT) in Indian cities always play major role in present sustainable part of ... more Non-motorized trips (NMT) in Indian cities always play major role in present sustainable part of transportation. However, this is not due to NMT based planning, policy, infrastructure, investment, management or enforcement. NMT trips survive only due to captive users. Though, in last few decades scenario has changed and is moving rapidly towards motorized way of travelling. This lead to many a problems like congestion, pollution and accidents. Only in recent past some encouragement has been shown for NMTs in National Policy. This paper presents the amount of NMTs in India, trend of NMTs, crash patterns involving NMTs and infrastructure suitability. Finally it has concluded that the present need of Indian cities is to recognize and encourage the most primitive modes of transport through all possible measures.
There are several tools and methods developed for evaluation of sidewalks at street level. But mo... more There are several tools and methods developed for evaluation of sidewalks at street level. But most of the tools have neglected the importance of considering pedestrians’ perception in assessing Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) of sidewalks. Therefore, in contrast to the earlier research work at the level of service of sidewalks, the present study developed a PLOS model to assess street level sidewalk infrastructure facilities from various land uses considering pedestrians’ perceptions. This study specifies 10 sidewalk characteristics that cater various pedestrian needs based on the type of land uses where they belong to. The proposed method has been tested in five Indian cities viz; Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara, Surat and Ahmedabad. The results of the study indicate that PLOS is capable of identifying the main shortcoming of the street network and sidewalk infrastructure in the form of physical and user characteristics. This method allows pedestrians to convey their needs and expectat...
Study analysis has been carried out to comprehend the influence of bi-directional movement at a s... more Study analysis has been carried out to comprehend the influence of bi-directional movement at a stairway inside Dadar railway station in Mumbai, India. Collected data were used for developing the fundamental macroscopic speed-flow relationship. Based on directional distribution ratio, available space for individual direction was found through acquisition of coordinates. The result of this study shows that unbalanced distribution ratio reduces the average walking speed in individual direction as well as capacity of the stairway. The effect of bi-directional movement is found to be more significant, when distribution ratio decreases from 0.6 in descending direction, making ascending flow more dominant. Maximum capacity is obtained at distribution ratio of 0.6. At this ratio, descending flow is highly influenced with opposing minor flow by maximum conflict between two streams resulting into highest difference in the walking speed of both directions. The methodology and the results obta...
In this paper the authors look at the usage patterns of women traveling on bus and metro in Delhi... more In this paper the authors look at the usage patterns of women traveling on bus and metro in Delhi, India, focusing on how these patterns compare between the two modes, time of day, geographic location in the city, and to that of men. Although small scale and exploratory, this research may be considered important in view of recent concerns regarding women’s security, especially while using public spaces and transportation. Their use approach to public transportation is a starting point for gauging larger urban dynamics within Delhi, namely how accessible the city is for women and the extent to which gender-based social exclusion is occurring. Main findings are that women stop using public transportation earlier into the evening than men with some variation between bus and metro users. Women using the metro show more clear patterns of ‘peak’ and ‘nonpeak’ travel and geography and built form around metro stations seems to impact ridership trends. The paper dwells on how these patterns ...
Uploads
Papers by Purnima Parida