Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDE) are increasingly recognized as critical components of sust... more Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDE) are increasingly recognized as critical components of sustainable groundwater management, but are threatened by multiple drivers of environmental change. Despite this importance, data that link drivers of hydrologic change to GDEs are scarce. This study adapts a land‐sea modeling framework by calibrating marine models with macroalgal experiments to quantitatively assess impacts of climate and land use change on submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and subsequent habitat suitability for a native (Ulva lactuca) and an invasive (Hypnea musciformis) macroalgae in nearshore GDEs in Kona, Hawai'i. Lab analyses demonstrate that while U. lactuca grows optimally in low‐salinity, high‐nutrient waters, H. musciformis appears constrained to a salinity threshold and exhibits low growth in low salinity despite high nutrient concentrations. Land‐sea model results predict that while a dry future climate (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 mid‐century) coupled with increased urban development will likely reduce SGD, protecting native forests may prevent further loss of SGD quantity. This prevention thus partially mitigates the decline in habitat suitability of U. lactuca due to the combined effects of climate and land use change. Findings also suggest that, in contrast to the native U. lactuca, reductions in SGD may favor H. musciformis growth if introduced to Kona. Collectively, this study demonstrates the importance of considering multiple drivers of environmental change on GDEs. This study bridges experiments with models to spatially map changes in species abundance beyond their current habitat conditions, and thus informs management actions that can explicitly incorporate future human and climate‐related impacts.
Coastal seascapes are productive and diverse land-sea systems that provide many valuable benefits... more Coastal seascapes are productive and diverse land-sea systems that provide many valuable benefits yet are increasingly threatened by human activity. Scaling up of nature-based solutions (NbS) to effectively protect, sustainably manage, and restore coastal seascapes is urgently required for mitigation of climate change and biodiversity loss while also providing socio-economic benefits. Evidence-based site selection is an important first step to improve the outcomes and avoid negative impacts when prioritizing NbS investments at national level. We developed a spatially explicit, integrative and culturally relevant ecosystem-based site selection process to identify a portfolio of seascapes for NbS consideration in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The primary goal was to rank planning units based on potential for climate change mitigation action, positive impact to biodiversity and socio-economic benefits to people. The multi-criteria site-selection framework provided a rapid, transparen...
beach_seine_BACI.csv is a comma-separated file containing data from beach seine surveys of juveni... more beach_seine_BACI.csv is a comma-separated file containing data from beach seine surveys of juvenile fish populations from two sites on windward side of Oahu, Hawai
In 2007, due to growing concerns of declines in nearshore fisheries in Hawai‘i, a ban on gillnets... more In 2007, due to growing concerns of declines in nearshore fisheries in Hawai‘i, a ban on gillnets was implemented in designated areas around the island of O‘ahu in the main Hawaiian Islands. Utilizing a 17 year time-series of juvenile fish abundance beginning prior to the implementation of the gillnet ban, we examined the effects of the ban on the abundance of juveniles of soft-bottom associated fish species. Using a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) sampling design, we compared the abundance of targeted fishery species in a bay where gillnet fishing was banned (Kailua, O‘ahu), and an adjacent bay where fishing is still permitted (Waimānalo, O‘ahu). Our results show that when multiple juvenile fish species were combined, abundance declined over time in both locations, but the pattern varied for each of the four species groups examined. Bonefishes were the only species group with a significant BACI effect, with higher abundance in Kailua in the period after the gillnet ban. This study addressed a need for scientific assessment of a fisheries regulation that is rarely possible due to lack of quality data before enactment of such restrictions. Thus, we developed a baseline status of juveniles of an important fishery species, and found effects of a fishery management regulation in Hawai‘i
Hawaii_regime_drivers.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to understand relationsh... more Hawaii_regime_drivers.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to understand relationships between regime transitions and local and global drivers. The file includes data on human population density and degree heating weeks for each replicate found in Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to investigate change... more Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to investigate changes in regimes over time. The file includes metadata for 1279 replicates across multiple years, 10 reef community metrics used to define regimes in a cluster analysis, and the geographic location of the replicate. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
Hawaii_regimes.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to define reef regimes for the ... more Hawaii_regimes.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to define reef regimes for the Hawaii Islands. The file includes metadata for 1027 replicates, 10 reef community metrics used to define regimes in a cluster analysis, and the resulting reef regime. Reef community metrics are averages of individual replicates grouped based on spatial proximity. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDE) are increasingly recognized as critical components of sust... more Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDE) are increasingly recognized as critical components of sustainable groundwater management, but are threatened by multiple drivers of environmental change. Despite this importance, data that link drivers of hydrologic change to GDEs are scarce. This study adapts a land‐sea modeling framework by calibrating marine models with macroalgal experiments to quantitatively assess impacts of climate and land use change on submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and subsequent habitat suitability for a native (Ulva lactuca) and an invasive (Hypnea musciformis) macroalgae in nearshore GDEs in Kona, Hawai'i. Lab analyses demonstrate that while U. lactuca grows optimally in low‐salinity, high‐nutrient waters, H. musciformis appears constrained to a salinity threshold and exhibits low growth in low salinity despite high nutrient concentrations. Land‐sea model results predict that while a dry future climate (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 mid‐century) coupled with increased urban development will likely reduce SGD, protecting native forests may prevent further loss of SGD quantity. This prevention thus partially mitigates the decline in habitat suitability of U. lactuca due to the combined effects of climate and land use change. Findings also suggest that, in contrast to the native U. lactuca, reductions in SGD may favor H. musciformis growth if introduced to Kona. Collectively, this study demonstrates the importance of considering multiple drivers of environmental change on GDEs. This study bridges experiments with models to spatially map changes in species abundance beyond their current habitat conditions, and thus informs management actions that can explicitly incorporate future human and climate‐related impacts.
Coastal seascapes are productive and diverse land-sea systems that provide many valuable benefits... more Coastal seascapes are productive and diverse land-sea systems that provide many valuable benefits yet are increasingly threatened by human activity. Scaling up of nature-based solutions (NbS) to effectively protect, sustainably manage, and restore coastal seascapes is urgently required for mitigation of climate change and biodiversity loss while also providing socio-economic benefits. Evidence-based site selection is an important first step to improve the outcomes and avoid negative impacts when prioritizing NbS investments at national level. We developed a spatially explicit, integrative and culturally relevant ecosystem-based site selection process to identify a portfolio of seascapes for NbS consideration in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The primary goal was to rank planning units based on potential for climate change mitigation action, positive impact to biodiversity and socio-economic benefits to people. The multi-criteria site-selection framework provided a rapid, transparen...
beach_seine_BACI.csv is a comma-separated file containing data from beach seine surveys of juveni... more beach_seine_BACI.csv is a comma-separated file containing data from beach seine surveys of juvenile fish populations from two sites on windward side of Oahu, Hawai
In 2007, due to growing concerns of declines in nearshore fisheries in Hawai‘i, a ban on gillnets... more In 2007, due to growing concerns of declines in nearshore fisheries in Hawai‘i, a ban on gillnets was implemented in designated areas around the island of O‘ahu in the main Hawaiian Islands. Utilizing a 17 year time-series of juvenile fish abundance beginning prior to the implementation of the gillnet ban, we examined the effects of the ban on the abundance of juveniles of soft-bottom associated fish species. Using a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) sampling design, we compared the abundance of targeted fishery species in a bay where gillnet fishing was banned (Kailua, O‘ahu), and an adjacent bay where fishing is still permitted (Waimānalo, O‘ahu). Our results show that when multiple juvenile fish species were combined, abundance declined over time in both locations, but the pattern varied for each of the four species groups examined. Bonefishes were the only species group with a significant BACI effect, with higher abundance in Kailua in the period after the gillnet ban. This study addressed a need for scientific assessment of a fisheries regulation that is rarely possible due to lack of quality data before enactment of such restrictions. Thus, we developed a baseline status of juveniles of an important fishery species, and found effects of a fishery management regulation in Hawai‘i
Hawaii_regime_drivers.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to understand relationsh... more Hawaii_regime_drivers.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to understand relationships between regime transitions and local and global drivers. The file includes data on human population density and degree heating weeks for each replicate found in Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to investigate change... more Hawaii_regime_timeseries.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to investigate changes in regimes over time. The file includes metadata for 1279 replicates across multiple years, 10 reef community metrics used to define regimes in a cluster analysis, and the geographic location of the replicate. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
Hawaii_regimes.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to define reef regimes for the ... more Hawaii_regimes.csv is a comma-separated file containing data used to define reef regimes for the Hawaii Islands. The file includes metadata for 1027 replicates, 10 reef community metrics used to define regimes in a cluster analysis, and the resulting reef regime. Reef community metrics are averages of individual replicates grouped based on spatial proximity. Details of the analysis can be found in the accompanying publication. Parties interested in using this data for other purposes are asked to contact Mary Donovan (donovan.maryk@gmail.com)
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Papers by Kostantinos A Stamoulis