Contents: Preface. Part I: Affordances. B. Bril, J. Foucart, Enacting the Perception of the Affor... more Contents: Preface. Part I: Affordances. B. Bril, J. Foucart, Enacting the Perception of the Affordances of Potential Tools I: The Case of Children Hammering. S. Cornus, G. Walther, T. Rupp, L. Rasseneur, Perceiving the Obstacle Step-Acrossability After the Maximal Exercise Test. J. Foucart, S. Hirata, K. Fuwa, B. Bril, Enacting the Perception of the Affordances of Potential Tools II: The Case of Chimpanzees Nut-Cracking. V.C. Ramenzoni, M. Riley, T. Davis, J. Snyder, Perceiving Whether or Not Another Person Can Use a Step to Reach an Object. G-J. Pepping, J. Smith, Posting Balls Through Holes: Effect of Hole-Size and Background Texture on Action Initiation Time and the Perception of Affordances. S. Stasik, L.S. Mark, Comfort as a Determinant of the Location of Critical Boundaries in the Act of Reaching. K.R. Taylor, J.B. Wagman, Feeling and Seeing to Avoid Tripping. C-M. Yang, T.A. Stoffregen, B.G. Bardy, Postural Sway Supports Affordance Perception. Part II: Interpersonal Perceptio...
It is usually a mark of good design when technologies and tools that mediate goal-directed action... more It is usually a mark of good design when technologies and tools that mediate goal-directed action are such that the user’s attentional focus is maintained on the intended ends of action rather than on the technologies and tools themselves. When the mediators become the focus, the continuity of goal-directed action is disrupted, and the flow of action can be re-directed. What then is the purpose of the projects designed by the RAAAF studio, as described by Rietveld, which seem to be intended to do both? Disruption of the continuity of goal-directed perception-action may prompt reflection about the circumstances at work, and in so doing provoke a transformation in habitual patterns of action and of thought. The project “The End of Sitting” is intended to remediate the adverse health effects of standard chair-dominated offices through an unconventional office landscape that prompts intermittent postural readjustments, boosting the levels of activity common in such settings. The project...
This investigation examined the hypothesis that the evaluation of the affective content of a film... more This investigation examined the hypothesis that the evaluation of the affective content of a film scene would be determined by the interaction of scene content and film cutting rate. Two simple narrative films were shot differing only in the emotions expressed (happiness or anger), and two edited versions of each film, a fast and a slow cutting rate version, were prepared. Subjects evaluated the principles in the films as well as their own feelings while watching the films, using Mehrabian and Russell's emotional state inventory. The results supported the interaction hypothesis, as indicated by the findings that the faster cutting enhanced the positive ratings of a speaker in the “happy” film, but led to enhanced negative ratings of the same speaker when he presented an angry demeanor. In the angry scenes, where there may be multiple layers of meaning and emotional content, the interaction effects were more complex, but still largely consistent with the hypothesis.
Take the case of the perception of landscape. A photograph of a landscape captures from a single ... more Take the case of the perception of landscape. A photograph of a landscape captures from a single observation point and in an instant of time, the array of forms before the camera lens. Likewise, an individual can adopt, momentarily, a similar attitude with respect to a ...
Route-learning, considered from an ecological approach to perception, is posited to involve the d... more Route-learning, considered from an ecological approach to perception, is posited to involve the detection of information over time that specifies a path from one location to another. The study examines whether the use of a visual navigational system (e.g., GPS) may impede route-learning by drawing attention away from transitions along a path that serve as information for way-finding. Virtual reality (VR) technology used in conjunction with an extensive, detailed environmental simulation was employed to explore this possibility. One group of participants drove a simulated car in VR along a designated path while relying on visual GPS guidance. It was expected that use of the GPS display would draw attention away from temporally continuous path information. A second group initially drove the same route without GPS guidance. Both groups drove the path a second time without navigational assistance. Overall, the percentage of correct actions taken at intersections (transitions) during the...
Contents: Preface. Part I: Affordances. B. Bril, J. Foucart, Enacting the Perception of the Affor... more Contents: Preface. Part I: Affordances. B. Bril, J. Foucart, Enacting the Perception of the Affordances of Potential Tools I: The Case of Children Hammering. S. Cornus, G. Walther, T. Rupp, L. Rasseneur, Perceiving the Obstacle Step-Acrossability After the Maximal Exercise Test. J. Foucart, S. Hirata, K. Fuwa, B. Bril, Enacting the Perception of the Affordances of Potential Tools II: The Case of Chimpanzees Nut-Cracking. V.C. Ramenzoni, M. Riley, T. Davis, J. Snyder, Perceiving Whether or Not Another Person Can Use a Step to Reach an Object. G-J. Pepping, J. Smith, Posting Balls Through Holes: Effect of Hole-Size and Background Texture on Action Initiation Time and the Perception of Affordances. S. Stasik, L.S. Mark, Comfort as a Determinant of the Location of Critical Boundaries in the Act of Reaching. K.R. Taylor, J.B. Wagman, Feeling and Seeing to Avoid Tripping. C-M. Yang, T.A. Stoffregen, B.G. Bardy, Postural Sway Supports Affordance Perception. Part II: Interpersonal Perceptio...
It is usually a mark of good design when technologies and tools that mediate goal-directed action... more It is usually a mark of good design when technologies and tools that mediate goal-directed action are such that the user’s attentional focus is maintained on the intended ends of action rather than on the technologies and tools themselves. When the mediators become the focus, the continuity of goal-directed action is disrupted, and the flow of action can be re-directed. What then is the purpose of the projects designed by the RAAAF studio, as described by Rietveld, which seem to be intended to do both? Disruption of the continuity of goal-directed perception-action may prompt reflection about the circumstances at work, and in so doing provoke a transformation in habitual patterns of action and of thought. The project “The End of Sitting” is intended to remediate the adverse health effects of standard chair-dominated offices through an unconventional office landscape that prompts intermittent postural readjustments, boosting the levels of activity common in such settings. The project...
This investigation examined the hypothesis that the evaluation of the affective content of a film... more This investigation examined the hypothesis that the evaluation of the affective content of a film scene would be determined by the interaction of scene content and film cutting rate. Two simple narrative films were shot differing only in the emotions expressed (happiness or anger), and two edited versions of each film, a fast and a slow cutting rate version, were prepared. Subjects evaluated the principles in the films as well as their own feelings while watching the films, using Mehrabian and Russell's emotional state inventory. The results supported the interaction hypothesis, as indicated by the findings that the faster cutting enhanced the positive ratings of a speaker in the “happy” film, but led to enhanced negative ratings of the same speaker when he presented an angry demeanor. In the angry scenes, where there may be multiple layers of meaning and emotional content, the interaction effects were more complex, but still largely consistent with the hypothesis.
Take the case of the perception of landscape. A photograph of a landscape captures from a single ... more Take the case of the perception of landscape. A photograph of a landscape captures from a single observation point and in an instant of time, the array of forms before the camera lens. Likewise, an individual can adopt, momentarily, a similar attitude with respect to a ...
Route-learning, considered from an ecological approach to perception, is posited to involve the d... more Route-learning, considered from an ecological approach to perception, is posited to involve the detection of information over time that specifies a path from one location to another. The study examines whether the use of a visual navigational system (e.g., GPS) may impede route-learning by drawing attention away from transitions along a path that serve as information for way-finding. Virtual reality (VR) technology used in conjunction with an extensive, detailed environmental simulation was employed to explore this possibility. One group of participants drove a simulated car in VR along a designated path while relying on visual GPS guidance. It was expected that use of the GPS display would draw attention away from temporally continuous path information. A second group initially drove the same route without GPS guidance. Both groups drove the path a second time without navigational assistance. Overall, the percentage of correct actions taken at intersections (transitions) during the...
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