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The opinions of political actors (e.g., politicians, parties, organizations) expressed through claims are the core elements of political debates and decision-making. Political actors communicate through different channels: parties publish ...

Newspaper reports provide a rich source of information on the unfolding of public debates, which can serve as basis for inquiry in political science. Such debates are often triggered by critical events, which attract public attention and incite ...

The ’short answer’ question format is a widely used tool in educational assessment, in which students write one to three sentences in response to an open question. The answers are subsequently rated by expert graders. The agreement between these ...

In this paper, we are concerned with the phenomenon of function word polysemy. We adopt the framework of distributional semantics, which characterizes word meaning by observing occurrence contexts in large corpora and which is in principle well ...

Word sense induction is the most prominent unsupervised approach to lexical disambiguation. It clusters word instances, typically represented by their bag-of-words contexts. Therefore, uninformative and ambiguous contexts present a major challenge. In ...

Logical metonymies (The student finished the beer) represent a challenge to compositionality since they involve semantic content not overtly realized in the sentence (covert events → <u>drinking</u> the beer). We present a contrastive study of two ...

Many types of polysemy are not word specific, but are instances of general sense alternations such as ANIMAL-FOOD. Despite their pervasiveness, regular alternations have been mostly ignored in empirical computational semantics. This paper presents (a) a ...

The automated extraction of information from text and its transformation into a formal description is an important goal in both Semantic Web research and computational linguistics. The extracted information can be used for a variety of tasks such as ...

Informal and formal ("T/V") address in dialogue is not distinguished overtly in modern English, e.g. by pronoun choice like in many other languages such as French ("tu"/"vous"). Our study investigates the status of the T/V distinction in English ...

We present a resource-poor approach to automatically acquire Support Verb Constructions (SVCs) for European Portuguese with a two-stage procedure. First, we apply a cross-lingual approach with a bilingual parallel corpus: starting with a Portuguese full ...

GEMS 2011 --- GEometrical Models of Natural Language Semantics --- is the third installment in a successful series of workshops on distributional models of meaning. Since their earliest application in information retrieval, these models have become ...

Textual inference and paraphrase have attracted a significant amount of attention in recent years. Many NLP tasks, including question answering, information extraction, and text summarization, can be mapped at least partially onto the recognition of ...

The ACL 2011 Workshop on Relational Models of Semantics (RELMS 2011) took place on June 23, 2011 in Portland, Oregon, USA, immediately following the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (ACL ...

In contrast to many languages (like Russian or French), modern English does not distinguish formal and informal ("T/V") address overtly, for example by pronoun choice. We describe an ongoing study which investigates to what degree the T/V distinction is ...

We consider the problem of distinguishing polysemous from homonymous nouns. This distinction is often taken for granted, but is seldom operationalized in the shape of an empirical model. We present a first step towards such a model, based on WordNet ...

Entailment pairs are sentence pairs of a premise and a hypothesis, where the premise textually entails the hypothesis. Such sentence pairs are important for the development of Textual Entailment systems. In this paper, we take a closer look at a ...

We present a vector space-based model for selectional preferences that predicts plausibility scores for argument headwords. It does not require any lexical resources (such as WordNet). It can be trained either on one corpus with syntactic annotation, or ...

SemEval-2 Task 8 focuses on Multi-way classification of semantic relations between pairs of nominals. The task was designed to compare different approaches to semantic relation classification and to provide a standard testbed for future research. This ...

This paper describes ongoing work on distributional models for word meaning in context. We abandon the usual one-vector-per-word paradigm in favor of an exemplar model that activates only relevant occurrences. On a paraphrasing task, we find that a ...

Discourse references, notably coreference and bridging, play an important role in many text understanding applications, but their impact on textual entailment is yet to be systematically understood. On the basis of an in-depth analysis of entailment ...