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- research-articleJune 2024
"It's like a rubber duck that talks back": Understanding Generative AI-Assisted Data Analysis Workflows through a Participatory Prompting Study
CHIWORK '24: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction for WorkJune 2024, Article No.: 16, Pages 1–21https://doi.org/10.1145/3663384.3663389Generative AI tools can help users with many tasks. One such task is data analysis, which is notoriously challenging for non-expert end-users due to its expertise requirements, and where AI holds much potential, such as finding relevant data sources, ...
- Work in ProgressMay 2024
Creating an authoring tool for K-12 teachers to design ML-supported scientific inquiry learning
- Xiaofei Zhou,
- Jingwan Tang,
- Hanjia Lyu,
- Xinyi Liu,
- Zhenhao Zhang,
- Lichen Qin,
- Fiona Au,
- Advait Sarkar,
- Zhen Bai
CHI EA '24: Extended Abstracts of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 2024, Article No.: 90, Pages 1–7https://doi.org/10.1145/3613905.3650762Despite significant advances in machine learning (ML) applications within science, there is a notable gap in its integration into K-12 education to enhance data literacy and scientific inquiry (SI) skills. To address this gap, we enable K-12 teachers ...
- research-articleMay 2024Best Paper
The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AI
- Lev Tankelevitch,
- Viktor Kewenig,
- Auste Simkute,
- Ava Elizabeth Scott,
- Advait Sarkar,
- Abigail Sellen,
- Sean Rintel
CHI '24: Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 2024, Article No.: 680, Pages 1–24https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642902Generative AI (GenAI) systems offer unprecedented opportunities for transforming professional and personal work, yet present challenges around prompting, evaluating and relying on outputs, and optimizing workflows. We argue that metacognition—the ...
- research-articleOctober 2023
Will Code Remain a Relevant User Interface for End-User Programming with Generative AI Models?
Onward! 2023: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and SoftwareOctober 2023, Pages 153–167https://doi.org/10.1145/3622758.3622882The research field of end-user programming has largely been concerned with helping non-experts learn to code sufficiently well in order to achieve their tasks. Generative AI stands to obviate this entirely by allowing users to generate code from ...
- research-articleSeptember 2023
Is a Return To Office a Return To Creativity? Requiring Fixed Time In Office To Enable Brainstorms and Watercooler Talk May Not Foster Research Creativity
CHIWORK '23: Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction for WorkJune 2023, Article No.: 9, Pages 1–12https://doi.org/10.1145/3596671.3598569In the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, many professionals, including researchers, have transitioned into hybrid work. One concern arising from this transition is the cost to creativity in an environment of variable co-presence. We interviewed 24 ...
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- research-articleSeptember 2023
Exploring Perspectives on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Creativity of Knowledge Work: Beyond Mechanised Plagiarism and Stochastic Parrots
CHIWORK '23: Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction for WorkJune 2023, Article No.: 13, Pages 1–17https://doi.org/10.1145/3596671.3597650Artificial Intelligence (AI), and in particular generative models, are transformative tools for knowledge work. They problematise notions of creativity, originality, plagiarism, the attribution of credit, and copyright ownership. Critics of generative ...
- extended-abstractApril 2023
Should Computers Be Easy To Use? Questioning the Doctrine of Simplicity in User Interface Design
CHI EA '23: Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2023, Article No.: 419, Pages 1–10https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3582741That computers should be easy to learn and use is a rarely-questioned tenet of user interface design. But what do we gain from prioritising usability and learnability, and what do we lose? I explore how simplicity is not an inevitable truth of user ...
- extended-abstractApril 2023
Enough With “Human-AI Collaboration”
CHI EA '23: Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2023, Article No.: 415, Pages 1–8https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3582735Describing our interaction with Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems as ‘collaboration’ is well-intentioned, but flawed. Not only is it misleading, but it also takes away the credit of AI ‘labour’ from the humans behind it, and erases and obscures an ...
- research-articleApril 2023Honorable Mention
“What It Wants Me To Say”: Bridging the Abstraction Gap Between End-User Programmers and Code-Generating Large Language Models
- Michael Xieyang Liu,
- Advait Sarkar,
- Carina Negreanu,
- Benjamin Zorn,
- Jack Williams,
- Neil Toronto,
- Andrew D. Gordon
CHI '23: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2023, Article No.: 598, Pages 1–31https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3580817Code-generating large language models map natural language to code. However, only a small portion of the infinite space of naturalistic utterances is effective at guiding code generation. For non-expert end-user programmers, learning this is the ...
- research-articleNovember 2022
Meeting (the) Pandemic: Videoconferencing Fatigue and Evolving Tensions of Sociality in Enterprise Video Meetings During COVID-19
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (KLU-COSU), Volume 32, Issue 2Jun 2023, Pages 347–383https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-022-09451-6AbstractWhen COVID-19 led to mandatory working from home, significant blind spots in supporting the sociality of working life—in the moment and over time—were revealed in enterprise video meetings, and these were a key factor in reports about ...
- research-articleJune 2022
Making Space for Social Time: Supporting Conversational Transitions Before, During, and After Video Meetings
CHIWORK '22: Proceedings of the 1st Annual Meeting of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction for WorkJune 2022, Article No.: 4, Pages 1–11https://doi.org/10.1145/3533406.3533417Unlike meetings in person, it is a well known but still unsolved problem that in traditional videoconferencing people just appear and disappear [56]. The lack of Conversational Transitions (CTs) is unnatural and also limits the both ritualistic and ...
- research-articleApril 2022
“It’s Freedom to Put Things Where My Mind Wants”: Understanding and Improving the User Experience of Structuring Data in Spreadsheets
CHI '22: Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2022, Article No.: 585, Pages 1–24https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501833Despite efforts to augment or replace the 2-dimensional spreadsheet grid with formal data structures such as arrays and tables to ease formula authoring and reduce errors, the flexible grid remains overwhelmingly successful. Why? We interviewed a diverse ...
- posterMay 2021
The promise and peril of parallel chat in video meetings for work
- Advait Sarkar,
- Sean Rintel,
- Damian Borowiec,
- Rachel Bergmann,
- Sharon Gillett,
- Danielle Bragg,
- Nancy Baym,
- Abigail Sellen
CHI EA '21: Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 2021, Article No.: 260, Pages 1–8https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3451793We report the opportunities and challenges of parallel chat in work-related video meetings, drawing on a study of Microsoft employees’ remote meeting experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.
We find that parallel chat allows groups to communicate ...
- research-articleMay 2021
Spreadsheet Comprehension: Guesswork, Giving Up and Going Back to the Author
CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 2021, Article No.: 181, Pages 1–21https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445634Spreadsheet users routinely read, and misread, others' spreadsheets, but literature offers only a high-level understanding of users’ comprehension behaviors. This limits our ability to support millions of users in spreadsheet comprehension activities. ...
- research-articleMay 2021
TweakIt: Supporting End-User Programmers Who Transmogrify Code
CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 2021, Article No.: 311, Pages 1–12https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445265End-user programmers opportunistically copy-and-paste code snippets from colleagues or the web to accomplish their tasks. Unfortunately, these snippets often don’t work verbatim, so these people—who are non-specialists in the programming language—make ...
- extended-abstractApril 2021
TExSS: Transparency and Explanations in Smart Systems
- Alison Marie Smith-Renner,
- Styliani Kleanthous Loizou,
- Jonathan Dodge,
- Casey Dugan,
- Min Kyung Lee,
- Brian Y Lim,
- Tsvi Kuflik,
- Advait Sarkar,
- Avital Shulner-Tal,
- Simone Stumpf
IUI '21 Companion: Companion Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Intelligent User InterfacesApril 2021, Pages 24–25https://doi.org/10.1145/3397482.3450705Smart systems that apply complex reasoning to make decisions and plan behavior, such as decision support systems and personalized recommendations, are difficult for users to understand. Algorithms allow the exploitation of rich and varied data sources, ...
- ArticleApril 2020
Higher-Order Spreadsheets with Spilled Arrays
Programming Languages and SystemsApr 2020, Pages 743–769https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44914-8_27AbstractWe develop a theory for two recently-proposed spreadsheet mechanisms: gridlets allow for abstraction and reuse in spreadsheets, and build on spilled arrays, where an array value spills out of one cell into nearby cells. We present the first formal ...
- abstractApril 2020
Spreadsheet Use and Programming Experience: An Exploratory Survey
- Advait Sarkar,
- Judith W. Borghouts,
- Anusha Iyer,
- Sneha Khullar,
- Christian Canton,
- Felienne Hermans,
- Andrew D. Gordon,
- Jack Williams
CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2020, Pages 1–9https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3382807We report results from a survey on spreadsheet use and experience with textual programming languages (n=49). We find significant correlations between self-reported formula experience, programming experience, and overall spreadsheet experience. We discuss ...
- abstractApril 2020
Gridlets: Reusing Spreadsheet Grids
CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 2020, Pages 1–7https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3382806Spreadsheets allow end users to blend calculations with arbitrary layout and formatting. However, when it comes to reusing groups of formulae along with layout and formatting, spreadsheets provide only limited support. Most users rely on copy and paste, ...
- abstractMarch 2020
ExSS-ATEC: Explainable Smart Systems for Algorithmic Transparency in Emerging Technologies 2020
- Alison Smith-Renner,
- Styliani Kleanthous,
- Brian Lim,
- Tsvi Kuflik,
- Simone Stumpf,
- Jahna Otterbacher,
- Advait Sarkar,
- Casey Dugan,
- Avital Shulner
IUI '20 Companion: Companion Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Intelligent User InterfacesMarch 2020, Pages 7–8https://doi.org/10.1145/3379336.3379361Smart systems that apply complex reasoning to make decisions and plan behavior, such as decision support systems and personalized recommendations, are difficult for users to understand. Algorithms allow the exploitation of rich and varied data sources, ...