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Algorithmic fairness has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. Among others, individual fairness, with its root in the dictionary definition of fairness, offers a fine-grained fairness notion. At the algorithmic level, individual fairness ...

The coupling between anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising alternative for sustainable energy production. This study presents a dynamic model tailored for a lab-scale anaerobic digester operating on HTC products, ...

The article introduces the concept of Marked Markov processes, which are used to study a repairable hot double redundant system with a single repair facility. It is assumed that components’ life- and repair times follow arbitrary distributions. ...

We present experimental data and modelling results investigating the effects of plasma-assisted air cleaning systems on reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus among pupils in a primary school in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We equipped 4 ...

• The static analysis of steel frames with uncertain semi-rigid connections is addressed
• The initial connection stiffness is expressed in terms of the so-called fixity factor
• The fixity factors are modelled as interval variables
• ...

The static analysis of steel frames with uncertain semi-rigid connections is addressed. The effects of connection flexibility are incorporated into the frame model by means of rotational springs at the end nodes of beams. Assuming an idealized ...

Individuals in social systems are embedded in collective decision-making hierarchies, such as households, neighborhoods, communities, organizations, etc. The locus of agency in such systems is dispersed across the system, and can variously be viewed as ...

Pandemics, notably the recent COVID-19 outbreak, have impacted both public health and global economy. We need a profound understanding of disease progression and efficient response strategies to prepare for potential future outbreaks. In this paper, we ...

Driving mode analysis elucidates how correlated features of uncertain functional inputs jointly propagate to produce uncertainty in the output of a computation. Uncertain input functions are decomposed into three terms: the mean functions, a ...

In this paper, we perform a sensitivity analysis for the maximal value function, which is the optimal value function for a parametric maximization problem. Our aim is to study various subdifferentials for the maximal value function. We obtain upper ...

The concept of endorsing AI in embedded systems is growing in all sectors including the development of Accident Avoidance Systems. Although real-time road crash prediction is vital for enhancing road user safety, there has been limited focus on the ...

During the period of 2019–20, forecasting was of utmost priority for health care planning and to combat COVID-19 pandemic. Almost everyone’s life has been greatly impacted by COVID-19. Understanding how the disease spreads is crucial to know how the ...

The operational environment of software differs from the debugging environment. Therefore, the study explores the impact of irregular consumption by diverse users on the development cost of software, reliability of software, and release decisions. To ...

Cross-universal coupling is a key component of the mechanical transmission system and the cross-shaft is the core component of the coupling for torque transmission. Under normal circumstances, cross-shafts are most susceptible to fatigue and deformation, ...

In case of formulating more realistic inventory models, two factors of the problem have been raising attention of the researchers, one being the change in the demand rate and the other being the different types of trade credits. Keeping in view of ...

Soft robotics offers unique advantages in manipulating fragile or deformable objects, human-robot interaction, and exploring inaccessible terrain. However, designing soft robots that produce large, targeted deformations is challenging. In this paper, we ...

We consider a family of Markov chains whose transition dynamics are affected by model parameters. Understanding the parametric dependence of (complex) performance measures of such Markov chains is often of significant interest. The derivatives and their ...

We study the complexity of reductions for weighted reachability in parametric Markov decision processes. That is, we say a state p is never worse than q if for all valuations of the polynomial indeterminates it is the case that the maximal ...$\mathbf{}\mathbf{}$

In some previous papers, closed-form representations for the reliability characteristics of k-out-of-n models with an exponential distribution of components lifetimes and arbitrary distributions of their repair times have been found. In those ...

We use a monomial ideal I to model a discrete preference function on a set of n factors. We can measure the sensitivity of each point represented by a monomial m by calculating its formal partial derivatives with respect to each variable. These ...

In the field of Explainable AI, population-based search metaheuristics are of growing interest as they become more widely used in critical applications. The ability to relate key information regarding algorithm behaviour and drivers of solution ...