Speculation-based attacks affect hundreds of millions of computers. These attacks typically exploit caches to leak information, using speculative instructions to cause changes to the cache state. Hardware-based solutions that protect against such forms ...

Speculative execution attacks present an enormous security threat, capable of reading arbitrary program data under malicious speculation, and later exfiltrating that data over microarchitectural covert channels. Since these attacks first rely on being ...

Micro-architecture units like caches are notorious for leaking secrets across security domains. An attacker program can contend for on-chip state or bandwidth and can even use speculative execution in processors to drive this contention; and protecting ...