The parser-generator is an essential tool in grammarware and its output, the parse tree in form of the concrete or abstract syntax tree, often forms the basis for the whole structure of the grammarware application. Several tools for Java encode the ...

When maintaining a feature in preprocessor-based Software Product Lines (SPLs), developers are susceptible to introduce problems into other features. This is possible because features eventually share elements (like variables and methods) with the ...

In Java, explicit casts are ubiquitous since they bridge the gap between compile-time and runtime type safety. Since casts potentially throw a ClassCastException, many programmers use a defensive programming style of guarded casts. In this programming ...