Abstract
We present simple algorithms for achieving self-stabilizing location management and routing in mobile ad-hoc networks. While mobile clients may be susceptible to corruption and stopping failures, mobile networks are often deployed with a reliable GPS oracle, supplying frequent updates of accurate real time and location information to mobile nodes. Information from a GPS oracle provides an external, shared source of consistency for mobile nodes, allowing them to label and timestamp messages, and hence aiding in identification of, and eventual recovery from, corruption and failures. Our algorithms use a GPS oracle.
Our algorithms also take advantage of the Virtual Stationary Automata programming abstraction, consisting of mobile clients, virtual timed machines called virtual stationary automata (VSAs), and a local broadcast service connecting VSAs and mobile clients. VSAs are distributed at known locations over the plane, and emulated in a self-stabilizing manner by the mobile nodes in the system. They serve as fault-tolerant building blocks that can interact with mobile clients and each other, and can simplify implementations of services in mobile networks.
We implement three self-stabilizing, fault-tolerant services, each built on the prior services: (1) VSA-to-VSA geographic routing, (2) mobile client location management, and (3) mobile client end-to-end routing. We use a greedy version of the classical depth-first search algorithm to route messages between VSAs in different regions. The mobile client location management service is based on home locations: Each client identifier hashes to a set of home locations, regions whose VSAs are periodically updated with the client’s location. VSAs maintain this information and answer queries for client locations. Finally, the VSA-to-VSA routing and location management services are used to implement mobile client end-to-end routing.
Longer version available as MIT LCS Technical Report MIT-LCS-TR-999.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abraham, I., Dolev, D., Malkhi, D.: LLS: A Locality Aware Location Service for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In: Proceedings of the DIALM-POMC Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing (DIALM-POMC), pp. 75–84 (2004)
Arora, A., Demirbas, M., Lynch, N., Nolte, T.: A Hierarchy-based Faultlocal Stabilizing Algorithm for Tracking in Sensor Networks. In: Higashino, T. (ed.) OPODIS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3544, pp. 207–217. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Camp, T., Liu, Y.: An adaptive mesh-based protocol for geocast routing. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing: Special Issue on Mobile Ad-hoc Networking and Computing, 196–213 (2002)
Dijkstra, E.W.: Self stabilizing systems in spite of distributed control. Communications of the ACM, 643–644 (1974)
Dolev, S.: Self-Stabilization. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
Dolev, S., Gilbert, S., Lahiani, L., Lynch, N., Nolte, T.: Timed Virtual Stationary Automata for Mobile Networks., Technical Report MIT-LCS-TR-979a, MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA 02139 (2005)
Dolev, S., Gilbert, S., Lahiani, L., Lynch, N., Nolte, T.: Brief Announcement: Virtual Stationary Automata for Mobile Networks. In: Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), p. 323 (2005)
Dolev, S., Gilbert, S., Lynch, N., Schiller, E., Shvartsman, A., Welch, J.: Virtual mobile nodes for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Guerraoui, R. (ed.) DISC 2004. LNCS, vol. 3274, pp. 230–244. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Dolev, S., Gilbert, S., Lynch, N.A., Shvartsman, M.M.A.A., Welch, J.L.: GeoQuorums: Implementing atomic memory in mobile ad hoc networks. In: Fich, F.E. (ed.) DISC 2003. LNCS, vol. 2848, pp. 306–320. Springer, Heidelberg (2003); Also to appear in Distributed Computing
Dolev, S., Herman, T., Lahiani, L.: Polygonal Broadcast, Secret Maturity and the Firing Sensors. In: Third International Conference on Fun with Algorithms (FUN), pp. 41-52 (May 2004); Also to appear in Ad Hoc Networks Journal, Elseiver
Dolev, S., Israeli, A., Moran, S.: Self-Stabilization of Dynamic Systems Assuming only Read/Write Atomicity. In: Proceeding of the ACM Symposium on the Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC 1990), pp. 103–117 (1990); Also in Distributed Computing 7(1), 3-16 (1993)
Dolev, S., Pradhan, D.K., Welch, J.L.: Modified Tree Structure for Location Management in Mobile Environments., Computer Communications, Special issue on mobile computing, 19(4), 335–345 (1996); Also INFOCOM 1995, Vol. 2, pp. 530–537 (1995)
Dolev, S., Welch, J.L.: Crash Resilient Communication in Dynamic Networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers 46(1), 14–26 (1997)
Haas, Z.J., Liang, B.: Ad Hoc Mobility Management With Uniform Quorum Systems. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking 7(2), 228–240 (1999)
Hubaux, J.P., Le Boudec, J.Y., Giordano, S., Hamdi, M.: The Terminodes Project: Towards Mobile Ad-Hoc WAN. In: Proceedings of MOMUC, pp. 124–128 (1999)
Imielinski, T., Badrinath, B.R.: Mobile wireless computing: challenges in data management. Communications of the ACM 37(10), 18–28 (1994)
Karp, B., Kung, H.T.: GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks. In: Proceedings of the 6th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 243–254. SCM Press (2000)
Kaynar, D., Lynch, N., Segala, R., Vaandrager, F.: The Theory of Timed I/O Automata., Technical Report MIT-LCS-TR-917a, MIT LCS (2004)
Kuhn, F., Wattenhofer, R., Zhang, Y., Zollinger, A.: Geometric Ad-Hoc Routing: of Theory and Practice. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), pp. 63–72 (2003)
Kuhn, F., Wattenhofer, R., Zollinger, A.: Asymptotically Optimal Geometric Mobile Ad-Hoc routing. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Discrete Algorithms and Methods for Mobile Computing and Communications (Dial-M), pp. 24–33. ACM Press, New York (2002)
Li, J., Jannotti, J., De Couto, D.S.J., Karger, D.R., Morris, R.: A Scalable Location Service for Geographic Ad Hoc Routing. In: Proceedings of Mobicom, pp. 120–130 (2000)
Malkhi, D., Reiter, M., Wright, R.: Probabilistic Quorum Systems. In: Proceeding of the 16th Annual ACM Symposium on the Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC 1997), Santa Barbara, CA, August 1997, pp. 267–273 (1997)
Nath, B., Niculescu, D.: Routing on a curve. In: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, pp. 155–160 (2003)
Navas, J.C., Imielinski, T.: Geocast- geographic addressing and routing. In: Proceedings of the 3rd MobiCom, pp. 66–76 (1997)
Ratnasamy, S., Karp, B., Yin, L., Yu, F., Estrin, D., Govindan, R., Shenker, S.: GHT: A Geographic Hash Table for Data-Centric Storage. In: First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications, pp. 78–87 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dolev, S., Lahiani, L., Lynch, N., Nolte, T. (2005). Self-stabilizing Mobile Node Location Management and Message Routing. In: Tixeuil, S., Herman, T. (eds) Self-Stabilizing Systems. SSS 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3764. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11577327_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11577327_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-29814-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32123-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)