Abstract
Estimation of biological sex from an unknown human skeleton is an important step in analyses of forensic and archaeological skeletal cases. Traditionally, the hip bone (pelvic or innominate bone) is preferentially used for this purpose due to its universal sexual dimorphism in shape resulting from its important reproductive functions of the bone in females. Despite much advancement in the field of sex estimation by means of modern morphometric approaches, no practical software had been available for sex estimation utilizing the shape analysis of the hip bone. We developed HIP 1.1 software (High-sensitive Innominate Processing) which is the second functional version of the software designed for morphometric estimation of sex of an unknown skeletal find based on the pelvic bone. The program works with standardized 2D images of bones from a desktop scanner and produces an assignment of sex to each case/skeletal remains using methods of traditional and geometric morphometry. One-dimensional and multi-dimensional statistics computing procedures and graphical procedures are based on the R software, distributed under the GNU (GPL) license, and its extending libraries from various authors.
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Acknowledgements
For access to documented reference samples and versatile help let us thank to Miloš Grim (Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, CZ), Ondřej Naňka (Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, CZ), Ladislava Horáčková (Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, CZ), Sotiris K. Manolis (University of Athens, Greece), and Constantinos Eliopoulos (Liverpool John Moores University, GB). For assistance with organization and further cooperation we thank Tomáš Mořkovský (Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University) and Michaela Králíková (Museum of Vyškov Region, Bučovice). The computer program was created thanks to the financial support of the Higher Education Development Fund (project FRVS/2034/2012) and MU Development Fund (project UNI/FR/0284/2014).
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Králík, M., Klíma, O., Urbanová, P., Polcerová, L., Čuta, M. (2018). Morphometric Sex Estimation from the Hip Bone by Means of the HIP 1.1 Software. In: Reuter, M., Wachinger, C., Lombaert, H., Paniagua, B., Lüthi, M., Egger, B. (eds) Shape in Medical Imaging. ShapeMI 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11167. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04747-4_8
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