Abstract
The spread of autonomous systems into safety-critical areas has increased the demand for their formal verification, not only due to stronger certification requirements but also to public uncertainty over these new technologies. However, the complex nature of such systems, for example, the intricate combination of discrete and continuous aspects, ensures that whole system verification is often infeasible. This motivates the need for novel analysis approaches that modularise the problem, allowing us to restrict our analysis to one particular aspect of the system while abstracting away from others. For instance, while verifying the real-time properties of an autonomous system we might hide the details of the internal decision-making components. In this paper we describe verification of a range of properties across distinct dimensions on a practical hybrid agent architecture. This allows us to verify the autonomous decision-making, real-time aspects, and spatial aspects of an autonomous vehicle platooning system. This modular approach also illustrates how both algorithmic and deductive verification techniques can be applied for the analysis of different system subcomponents.
Work supported EPSRC grants EP/N007565 (Science of Sensor Systems Software), EP/R026092 (FAIR-SPACE RAI Hub) and EP/L024845/1 (Verifiable Autonomy).
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Notes
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- 2.
- 3.
The Open Racing Car Simulator https://sourceforge.net/projects/torcs.
- 4.
The model and the verified properties can be found at https://github.com/VerifiableAutonomy/AgentPlatooning.
- 5.
Since all following vehicles are defined similarly, this choice does not affect the verification.
- 6.
A =“all paths”; E = “exist a path”; \(\Box \) = “Always”; \(\lozenge \) = “Eventually”
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Kamali, M., Linker, S., Fisher, M. (2019). Modular Verification of Vehicle Platooning with Respect to Decisions, Space and Time. In: Artho, C., Ölveczky, P. (eds) Formal Techniques for Safety-Critical Systems. FTSCS 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1008. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12988-0_2
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