Abstract
Safety is one of the crucial features of autonomous systems. Safe decision-making is a critical and challenging task in developing such systems. To address this challenge, we proposed vGOAL, a GOAL-based specification language designed for ensuring safe autonomous decision-making. In this paper, we present an interpreter for vGOAL, serving as an agent-based decision-making component for autonomous systems. Our main contributions are the design and implementation of the vGOAL interpreter, which automatically and efficiently generates safe decisions in real-time, while simultaneously performing safety checking, error handling, and conflict resolution for competing requests. As the Robot Operating System is a popular framework for developing robotic application systems, we integrate the vGOAL interpreter with it via rosbridge. To demonstrate the effectiveness of vGOAL, we validated its performance using a real-world autonomous logistic system comprising three autonomous mobile robots.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Baier, C., Katoen, J.P.: Principles of Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)
de Boer, F.S., Hindriks, K.V., van der Hoek, W., Meyer, J.J.C.: A verification framework for agent programming with declarative goals. J. Appl. Log. 5(2), 277–302 (2007)
Bordini, R.H., Fisher, M., Pardavila, C., Wooldridge, M.: Model checking AgentSpeak. In: Proceedings of the Second International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 409–416 (2003)
Bordini, R.H., Hübner, J.F.: BDI agent programming in AgentSpeak Using Jason. In: Toni, F., Torroni, P. (eds.) CLIMA 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3900, pp. 143–164. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/11750734_9
Bordini, R.H., Hübner, J.F., Wooldridge, M.: Programming Multi-agent Systems in AgentSpeak Using Jason. Wiley, Hoboken (2007)
Cardoso, R.C., Ferrando, A., Dennis, L.A., Fisher, M.: An interface for programming verifiable autonomous agents in ROS. In: Bassiliades, N., Chalkiadakis, G., de Jonge, D. (eds.) EUMAS/AT -2020. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 12520, pp. 191–205. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66412-1_13
Crick, C., Jay, G., Osentoski, S., Pitzer, B., Jenkins, O.C.: Rosbridge: ROS for non-ROS users. In: Christensen, H.I., Khatib, O. (eds.) Robotics Research. STAR, vol. 100, pp. 493–504. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29363-9_28
Dastani, M., Tinnemeier, N.A., Meyer, J.J.C.: A programming language for normative multi-agent systems. In: Handbook of Research on Multi-Agent Systems: Semantics and Dynamics of Organizational Models, pp. 397–417. IGI Global (2009)
Dehnert, C., Junges, S., Katoen, J.-P., Volk, M.: A storm is coming: a modern probabilistic model checker. In: Majumdar, R., Kunčak, V. (eds.) CAV 2017. LNCS, vol. 10427, pp. 592–600. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63390-9_31
Dennis, L., Fisher, M.: Verifiable autonomy and responsible robotics. In: Softw. Eng. Robot., pp. 189–217. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66494-7_7
Dennis, L.A., Farwer, B.: Gwendolen: a BDI language for verifiable agents. In: Proceedings of the AISB 2008 Symposium on Logic and the Simulation of Interaction and Reasoning, Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour, pp. 16–23. Citeseer (2008)
Dennis, L.A., Fisher, M., Lincoln, N.K., Lisitsa, A., Veres, S.M.: Practical verification of decision-making in agent-based autonomous systems. Autom. Softw. Eng. 23, 305–359 (2016)
Dennis, L.A., Fisher, M., Webster, M.P., Bordini, R.H.: Model checking agent programming languages. Autom. Softw. Eng. 19(1), 5–63 (2012)
Hindriks, K.V.: Programming rational agents in GOAL. In: El Fallah Seghrouchni, A., Dix, J., Dastani, M., Bordini, R.H. (eds.) Multi-Agent Programming, pp. 119–157. Springer, Boston, MA (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89299-3_4
Hunt, N., Fulton, N., Magliacane, S., Hoang, T.N., Das, S., Solar-Lezama, A.: Verifiably safe exploration for end-to-end reinforcement learning. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control, pp. 1–11 (2021)
Jansen, N., Könighofer, B., Junges, J., Serban, A., Bloem, R.: Safe reinforcement learning using probabilistic shields (2020)
Jensen, A.B., Hindriks, K.V., Villadsen, J.: On using theorem proving for cognitive agent-oriented programming. In: 13th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, pp. 446–453. Science and Technology Publishing (2021)
Kwiatkowska, M., Norman, G., Parker, D.: PRISM: probabilistic symbolic model checker. In: Field, T., Harrison, P.G., Bradley, J., Harder, U. (eds.) TOOLS 2002. LNCS, vol. 2324, pp. 200–204. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46029-2_13
Weiss, G.: Multiagent Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge (2013)
Winikoff, M.: Implementing commitment-based interactions. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 1–8 (2007)
Yang, W.C., Marra, G., Rens, G., De Raedt, L.: Safe reinforcement learning via probabilistic logic shields. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.03226 (2023)
Yang, Y.: Verifiably safe decision-making for autonomous systems. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 2973–2975 (2023)
Yang, Y.: vGOAL demo video (2023). https://kuleuven-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/yi_yang_kuleuven_be/EiB5CHUuIk9Ij-qDnKmOLk8BST7v3xlPydfryfL5HcXRmg?e=NiqYu8
Yang, Y.: vGOAL interpreter source code (2023). https://github.com/YiYangKUL/vGOAL
Yang, Y., Holvoet, T.: Making model checking feasible for GOAL. In: 10th International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (2022)
Yang, Y., Holvoet, T.: vGOAL: a GOAL-based specification language for safe autonomous decision-making. In: 11th International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (2023)
Acknowledgements
This research is partially funded by the Research Fund KU Leuven.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Yang, Y., Holvoet, T. (2023). Safe Autonomous Decision-Making with vGOAL. In: Mathieu, P., Dignum, F., Novais, P., De la Prieta, F. (eds) Advances in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Cognitive Mimetics. The PAAMS Collection. PAAMS 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 13955. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37616-0_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37616-0_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-37615-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-37616-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)