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Towards a More Sustainable Re-engineering of Heterogeneous Distributed Systems Using Cooperating Run-Time Monitors

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Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation. Software Engineering Methodologies (ISoLA 2024)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 15222))

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Abstract

We propose an approach to using run-time monitoring for the re-engineering of distributed systems. Our re-engineering method MBRE consists of five steps that provide guidance during a re-engineering. By utilizing run-time monitors that are parametric in a policy, we obtain the flexibility needed for a sustainable integration of monitors. We illustrate this and other features of MBRE at three re-engineering case studies in a hypothetical hospital scenario. A key novelty of our approach is that it supports cooperation between monitors also across technological boundaries. This is of high relevance because, for instance, system components in the IoT often run on different platforms and are implemented in different programming languages. Surprisingly, such scenarios have been outside the focus of the run-time-monitoring community so far.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We use L1 O1 to denote the shortest path from L1 to O1 according to the floor plan. To denote the next shortest route, we disambiguate by using L1 ML MR O1.

  2. 2.

    In case of an urgent supply shortage, delivering this supply deserves higher priority. We refrain from specifying a use case for such a high-priority task in this article.

  3. 3.

    Should it not be possible to add a run-time monitor to the elevator’s controller, then a different design decision must be made at this step. For instance, a run-time monitor could alternatively be added to a system managing the arrivals and departures on the helipad. Another alternative would be to add sensors elsewhere, e.g., within the elevator or onto the stretchers used for patients arriving at the helipad.

  4. 4.

    This is not the only sensible design choice. Alternatively, one could reserve the critical section earlier (e.g., when L1 is called to Level 15) or later (e.g., when L1 is in emergency mode and passes Level 7 on its way to the basement). Which choice is best depends on multiple factors such as the speed of the elevator, the speed of the supply cart, and the willingness to take risks, and the acceptability of delays.

  5. 5.

    There are manifold alternatives to defining this pre-condition. We perform the re-engineering such that COND-1 can be easily adapted to a different pre-condition.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback and suggestions. This research work was supported by the National Research Center for Applied Cybersecurity ATHENE. ATHENE is funded jointly by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Hessian Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science Department, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

    Maximilian Gehring & Heiko Mantel

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  1. Maximilian Gehring
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  2. Heiko Mantel
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Correspondence to Maximilian Gehring .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Limerick, CSIS and Lero, Limerick, Ireland

    Tiziana Margaria

  2. TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany

    Bernhard Steffen

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Gehring, M., Mantel, H. (2025). Towards a More Sustainable Re-engineering of Heterogeneous Distributed Systems Using Cooperating Run-Time Monitors. In: Margaria, T., Steffen, B. (eds) Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation. Software Engineering Methodologies. ISoLA 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15222. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75387-9_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75387-9_9

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