Abstract
Agents that are able to build relationships with the people they are interacting with are envisioned to be more successful in long-term interactions. Small talk about impersonal topics has been found an adequate tool in human-agent interactions for manipulation of such relationships. We suspect that an agent and the interaction with it will be evaluated even more positively when the agent talks about personal information it remembers about its interlocutor from previous encounters. In this paper a model of person memory that provides virtual agents with information needed in social conversations is presented. An interaction study demonstrates the impact of personal information in human-agent conversations and validates the performance of our model.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
References
Bailenson, J.N., Beall, A.C., Blascovich, J., Raimundo, M., Weisbuch, M.: Intelligent Agents Who Wear Your Face: Users Reactions to the Virtual Self. In: de Antonio, A., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D. (eds.) IVA 2001. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2190, pp. 86–99. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Becker, C., Wachsmuth, I.: Modeling primary and secondary emotions for a believable communication agent. In: Reichardt, D., Levi, P., Meyer, J.J.C. (eds.) Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Emotion and Computing, pp. 31–34. Bremen (2006)
Bickmore, T.W.: Relational Agents: Effecting Change through Human-Computer Relationships. Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2003)
Biocca, F., Harms, C., Gregg, J.: The networked minds measure of social presence: Pilot test of the factor structure and concurrent validity. In: 4th Annual International Workshop on Presence, Philadelphia, PA (2001)
Breuing, A., Wachsmuth, I.: Let’s Talk Topically with Artificial Agents! Providing Agents with Humanlike Topic Awareness in Everyday Dialog Situations. In: ICAART 2012 - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, pp. 62–71. SciTePress (2012)
Brom, C., Lukavský, J., Kadlec, R.: Episodic Memory for Human-like Agents and Human-like Agents for Episodic Memory. International Journal of Machine Consciousness 2(2), 227–244 (2010)
Endrass, B., Rehm, M., André, E.: Planning Small Talk behavior with cultural influences for multiagent systems. Computer Speech & Language 25(2), 158–174 (2011)
Hecht, M.L.: The conceptualization and measurement of interpersonal communication satisfaction. Human Communication Research 4(3), 253–264 (1978)
Ho, W.C., Dautenhahn, K.: Towards a Narrative Mind: The Creation of Coherent Life Stories for Believable Virtual Agents. In: Prendinger, H., Lester, J.C., Ishizuka, M. (eds.) IVA 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5208, pp. 59–72. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Kang, S., Gratch, J., Sidner, C., Artstein, R., Huang, L., Morency, L.P.: Towards building a Virtual Counselor: Modeling Nonverbal Behavior during Intimate Self-Disclosure. In: Eleventh International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Valencia, Spain (June 2012)
Kopp, S., Gesellensetter, L., Krämer, N.C., Wachsmuth, I.: A Conversational Agent as Museum Guide - Design and Evaluation of a Real-World Application. In: Panayiotopoulos, T., Gratch, J., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Olivier, P., Rist, T. (eds.) IVA 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3661, pp. 329–343. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Leite, I., Martinho, C., Paiva, A.: Social Robots for Long-Term Interaction: A Survey. International Journal of Social Robotics 5(2), 291–308 (2013)
Mairesse, F., Walker, M.A.: Towards Personality-Based User Adaptation: Psychologically Informed Stylistic Language Generation. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 20, 227–278 (2010)
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I.: A Person Memory for an Artificial Interaction Partner. In: Proceedings of the KogWis 2010, pp. 69–70 (2010)
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I.: Small Talk Is More than Chit-Chat – Exploiting Structures of Casual Conversations for a Virtual Agent. In: Glimm, B., Krüger, A. (eds.) KI 2012. LNCS, vol. 7526, pp. 119–130. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I.: Who Are You? On the Acquisition of Information about People for an Agent that Remembers. In: ICAART 2012 - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, pp. 98–105. SciTePress (2012)
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I.: Adapting a virtual agents conversational behavior by social strategies. In: Timm, I.J., Thimm, M. (eds.) KI 2013. LNCS, vol. 8077, pp. 288–291. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I.: Strangers and friends: Adapting the conversational style of an artificial agent. In: Kurosu, M. (ed.) HCII/HCI 2013, Part V. LNCS, vol. 8008, pp. 102–111. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Nuxoll, A., Laird, J.: Extending Cognitive Architecture with Episodic Memory. In: Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 22, p. 1560. AAAI Press. MIT Press, Menlo Park, Cambridge (1999, 2007)
Rosis, F.D., Pelachaud, C., Poggi, I.: Transcultural Believability in Embodied Agents: A Matter of Consistent Adaptation. In: Agent Culture: Designing HumanAgent Interaction in a Multicultural World, pp. 1–22. Laurence Erlbaum Associates (2004)
Svennevig, J.: Getting Acquainted in Conversation: A Study of Initial Interactions. Pragmatics & beyond, John Benjamins Publishing Company (1999)
Zayas, V., Shoda, Y., Ayduk, O.N.: Personality in Context: An Interpersonal Systems Perspective. Journal of Personality 70(6), 851–900 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mattar, N., Wachsmuth, I. (2014). Let’s Get Personal. In: Kurosu, M. (eds) Human-Computer Interaction. Advanced Interaction Modalities and Techniques. HCI 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8511. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07230-2_43
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07230-2_43
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07229-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07230-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)