Abstract
We studied the problem on applying format-preserving encryption (FPE) to character data, specifically the uncertainty of the binary size of ciphertexts caused by variable-width encoding. In this paper, we suggested a extended rank-then-encipher approach for character data which connects character strings with numbers under mixed-radix numeral system. Based on this method, we proposed a generic character FPE scheme that deals with mixed-radix numerals, by introducing a customized “dynamic modulo addition” into unbalanced Feistel construction. Our work showed a new way of designing encryption methods for arbitrary message spaces which involves no tradeoff between efficacy and efficiency. Besides describing our design, security of our schemes are also analyzed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Black, J., Rogaway, P.: Ciphers with arbitrary finite domains. In: Preneel, B. (ed.) CT-RSA 2002. LNCS, vol. 2271, pp. 114–130. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45760-7_9
Bellare, M., Ristenpart, T., Rogaway, P., Stegers, T.: Format-preserving encryption. In: Jacobson, M.J., Rijmen, V., Safavi-Naini, R. (eds.) SAC 2009. LNCS, vol. 5867, pp. 295–312. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05445-7_19
Spies, T.: Feistel finite set encryption. NIST submission (2008)
Morris, B., Rogaway, P., Stegers, T.: How to encipher messages on a small domain: deterministic encryption and the Thorp shuffle. In: Halevi, S. (ed.) CRYPTO 2009. LNCS, vol. 5677, pp. 286–302. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03356-8_17
Hoang, V.T., Morris, B., Rogaway, P.: An enciphering scheme based on a card shuffle. In: Safavi-Naini, R., Canetti, R. (eds.) CRYPTO 2012. LNCS, vol. 7417, pp. 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32009-5_1
Bellare, M., Rogaway, P., Spies, T.: The FFX mode of operation for format-preserving encryption. NIST submission (2010)
Luby, M., Rackoff, C.: How to construct pseudorandom permutations from pseudorandom functions. SIAM J. Comput. 17, 373–386 (1988)
Li, M., Liu, Z.L., Li, J.W., Jia, C.F.: Format-preserving encryption for character data. J. Netw. 7, 1239–1244 (2012)
Fraenkel, A.S.: Systems of numeration. Am. Math. Mon. 92, 105–114 (1985)
Patarin, J.: Generic attacks on Feistel schemes. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, pp. 222–238. Springer, Heidelberg (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45682-1_14
Schneier, B., Kelsey, J.: Unbalanced Feistel networks and block cipher design. In: Gollmann, D. (ed.) FSE 1996. LNCS, vol. 1039, pp. 121–144. Springer, Heidelberg (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60865-6_49
Patarin, J.: About Feistel schemes with six (or more) rounds. In: Vaudenay, S. (ed.) FSE 1998. LNCS, vol. 1372, pp. 103–121. Springer, Heidelberg (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69710-1_8
Rozenberg, B., Weiss, M.: Complex format-preserving encryption scheme. 14/296484 (2015)
Hoover, D.N.: Format-preserving encryption via rotating block encryption. US8948376 B2 (2015)
Spies, T., Pauker, M.J.: Format-preserving cryptographic systems. US8958562 B2 (2015)
Li, J., Liu, Z.L., Chen, X.F., Xhafa, F., Tan, X., Wong, D.S.: L-EncDB: a lightweight framework for privacy-preserving data queries in cloud computing. Knowl.-Based Syst. 79, 18–26 (2015)
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61672300), National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (Nos. 16JCYBJC15500 and 14JCYBJC15300).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Huang, Y., Li, B., Liang, S., Ma, H., Liu, Z. (2018). Generalized Format-Preserving Encryption for Character Data. In: Wan, J., et al. Cloud Computing, Security, Privacy in New Computing Environments. CloudComp SPNCE 2016 2016. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 197. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69605-8_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69605-8_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69604-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69605-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)