Abstract
Contemporary research on negotiation and group decision support systems (see the chapter by Lewis, this volume) pays a special attention on emotion as a factor in restructuring and reframing of problem representation and solution (Barry, Group Decis Negotiation 17:97–105, 2008; Druckman and Olekalns, Group Decis Negotiation 17:1–11, 2008). It involves multi-disciplinary approaches and reaches beyond sociology and behavioral research (see the chapter by Kilgour and Hipel, this volume). The present paper offers a bird-eye view of recent developments as well as novel theoretical approaches to emotion in negotiation. It explores the evolution of the concept of cognition and its effect on group decision-making research. Furthermore, it observes how e-negotiation, Virtual Agent modeling, and Theory of Mind involve emotion (see the chapter by Sicara and Dai, this volume). It studies linguistic manifestation (see the chapter by Koeszegi and Vetschera, this volume) and evolution of emotions in terms of emotional potential and power in joint communicative projects. Finally, it relates Levinas’ (1989, The Other in Proust. In: Levinas Reader (trans. S. Hand). Basil Blackwell, Oxford, pp 160–165) ethics of otherness and Shakun’s concept of connectedness in negotiation (see the chapter by Shakun, this volume) to Buber’s (1995, Det Mellanmänskliga. Dualis Förlag AB, Falun (German original title Elemente des Swischenmenschlichen, Verlag Lambert Scneider, Heidelberg, 1954)) intuition about the limitations of sociology.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alderfer CP (1987) An intergroup perspective on group dynamics. In: Losch J (ed) Handbook of organisational behavior. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp 190–222
Allred KG, Mallozzi JS, Matsui F, Raia CP (1997) The influence of anger and compassion on negotiation performance. Organ Behav and Hum Decis Process 70:175–187
Allwood J (1995) An activity based approach to pragmatics. Gothenburg papers in Theoretical Linguistics 76. Department of Linguistics, University of Göteborg, Göteborg
Allwood J (1996) Some comments on Wallace Chafe’s “How Consciousness Shapes Language”. Pragmat Cogn 4(1):55–65
Allwood J (1997) Notes on dialogue and cooperation. In: Jokinen K, Sadek D, Traum D (eds) Collaboration, cooperation and conflict in dialogue systems. Proceedings of the IjCAI-97 workshop on collaboration, cooperation and conflict in dialogue systems, Nagoya
Baron-Cohen S (2000) Theory of mind and autism: a fifteen year review. In: Baron-Cohen S, Tager-Flusberg H, Cohen D (eds) Understanding other minds: perspectives from developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Barry B (2008) Negotiator affect: the state of the art (and the science). Group Decis Negotiation 17:97–105
Barry B, Fulmer IS, Van Kleef G (2004) I laughed, I cried, I settled: the role of emotion in negotiation. In: elfand MJ, Brett JM (eds) The handbook of negotiation and culture: theoretical advances and cross-cultural perspectives. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp 71–94
Berkiwitz L (1989) The frustration-aggression hypothesis: an examination and reformulation. Psychol Bull 106:59–73
Buber M (1995) Det Mellanmänskliga. Falun, Dualis Förlag AB (German original title Elemente des Swischenmenschlichen. Verlag Lambert Scneider, Heidelberg 1954)
Carnevale P (2008) Positive affect and decision frame in negotiation. Group Decis Negotiation 17:51–63
Carver CS, Scheir MF (1990) Origins and functions of positive and negative effect: a control process view. Psychol Rev 97:19–35
Clark HH (1999) Using language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Clore GR, Ortony A, Diences B, Fujita F (1993) Where does anger dwell? In: Wyer RS Jr, Srull TK (eds) Perspectives on anger and emotion: advances in social cognition, vol 6. Hove and London, Hillsdale, NJ, pp 57–87
Cornelius RR (2000) Theoretical Approaches to Emotion. Proceedings of ISCA Workshop on Speech and Emotion, Belfast, September 2000
Daly J (1991) The effects of anger on negotiation over mergers and acquisitions. Negotiation J 7:31–39
Damasio A (1994) Descartes’ error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. G.P. Putnam’s Sons, New York
Davis MH (1994) Empathy: A social psychological approach. Brown and Benchmark, Madison, WI
De Martino B, Kumaran D, Seymor B, Dolan RJ (2006) Frames, biases, and rational decision-making in the human brain. Science 313:684–687
Druckman D, Broome DJ (1991) Value difference and conflict resolution: familiarity or liking? J Confl Resolut 35(4): 571–593
Druckman D, Olekalns M (2008) Emotions in negotiation. Group Decis Negotiation 17:1–11
Fuster JM (2003) Cortex and mind: unifying cognition. Oxford University Press, New York, NY
Gilbert MA (1995) Emotional argumentation, or, why do argumentation theorists argue with their mates. In: van Eemeren FH, Grootendorst R, Blair JA, and Willard CA (Eds) Analysis and Evaluation: Proceedings of the Third ISSA Conference on Argumentation, Vol II, Amsterdam 1994, Amsterdam: Sic Sat.
Givón T (2005) Context as other minds: the pragmatics of sociality, cognition and communication. John Benjamins, Amsterdam
Goodwin C, Heritage J (1990) Conversation analysis. Annu Rev Anthropol 19:283–307
Gordon R (1986) Folk psychology as simulation. Mind Lang 1:158–170
Gratch J, Marsella S (2001) Tears and fears: modeling emotions and emotional behaviors in synthetic agents. Paper presented at the 5th international conference on autonomous agents, Montreal, Canada
Gratch J, Marsella S (2004) A domain independent framework for modeling emotion. J Cogn Syst Res 5(4):269–306
Gratch J, Marsella S (2005) Lessons from emotion psychology for the design of lifelike characters. Appl Artif Intell 19:215–233
Griessmair M, Koeszegi ST (2009) Exploring the cognitive-emotional fugue in electronic negotiations. Group Decis Negotiation 18:3
Gulliver PH (1979) Disputes and negotiations: a cross-cultural perspective. Academic Press, New York, NY
Hines MJ, Murphy SA, Weber M, Kersten G (2009) The role of emotion and language in dyadic e-negotiation. Group Decis Negotiation 18:3
Hobbs J, Gordon A (2005) Encoding knowledge of commonsense psychology. In: 7th international symposium on logical formalizations of commonsense reasoning. May 22–24, Corfu, Greece
Hochschild AR (1983) The managed heart. Commercialization of human feeling. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA
Hollingstead AB, Carnevale PJ (1990) Positive affect and decision frame in integrative bargaining: a reversal of the frame effect. Presented at the 50th annual meeting of the academy of management, San Francisco
Iacoboni M (2005) Understanding others: imitation, language, empathy. In: Hurley S, Chater N (eds) Perspectives on imitation: from cognitive neuroscience to social science. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Kendon A (2004) Gesture: visible action as utterance. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Kopelman S, Rosette AS (2008) Cultural variation in response to strategic display of emotions during negotiations. Special Issue on Emotions in Negotiation in Group Decision and Negotiations 17(1):65–77
Kopelman S, Rosette AS, Thomson L (2006) The three faces of eve: strategical displays of positive, negative, and neutral emotions in negotiations. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 99(1):81–101
Kramer RM, Pommerenke P, Newton E (1993) The social context of negotiation: effects of social identity and interpersonal accountability on negotiator decision-making. J Conflict Resolut 37:633–654
Kraus S (2001) Strategic negotiation in multiagent environment. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Kumar R (1997) The role of affect in negotiations: an integrative overview. J Appl Behav Sci 33(1):84–100
Lazarus RS (1991) Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press, NewYork, NY
Levinas E (1989) The other in Proust. In: Hand S (Ed) Levinas Reader. Basil Blackwell, Oxford, pp 160–165
Linell P, Markova I (1995) Coding elementary contributions to dialogue: individual acts versus dialogical interpretations. J Theor Soc Behav 26(4):353–373
Martinovski B (2000) The role of repetitions and reformulations in court proceedings – a comparison of Sweden and Bulgaria. Gothenburg Monographs in Linguistics. Department of Linguistics, Göteborg University, Göteborg
Martinovski B (2007) Shifting attention as re-contextualization in negotiation. In: Proceedings of GDN, Montreal
Martinovski B, Mao W (2009) Emotion as an argumentation engine: Modeling the role of emotion in negotiation. J Group Decis Negot 18(3):235–259
Martinovski B, Marsella S (2003) Dynamic reconstruction of selfhood: coping processes in discourse. In: Proceedings of joint international conference on cognitive science, Sydney
Martinovski B, Traum D (2003) The error is the clue: breakdown in human-machine interaction. In: Proceedings of ISCA tutorial and research workshop international speech communication association, Switzerland
Martinovski B, Mao W, Gratch J, Marsella S (2005a) Mitigation theory: an integrated approach. In: Proceedings of Cognitive Science, Stresa, Italy
Martinovski B, Traum D, Marsella S (2005b) Rejection of empathy and its linguistic manifestations. In: Proceedings of conference on formal and informal negotiation, FINEXIN, Ottawa, Canada
McCarty LT (1997) Some arguments about legal arguments. In: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on artificial intelligence and law, Melbourne, Australia, June 30–July 03, 1997
Mizukami E, Morimoto I, Suzuki K, Otsuka H, Kashioka H, Satoshi Nakamura S (2009) Two types of disagreement in group decisions of Japanese undergraduates. Group Decis Negotiation 18:3
Myers GE (2001) William James: his life and thought (1986). Yale University Press, New Haven, CT
Nisbett RE, Ross L (1980) Human inference-strategies and shortcomings of human judgement. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Obeidi A, Kilgour DM, Hipel KW (2009) Perceptual graph model systems. Group Decis Negotiation 18:3
Ortony A, Clore GL, Collins A (1988) The cognitive structure of emotions. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY
Parkinson B (1996) Emotions are social. Br J Clin Psychol 87:663–683
Parrott WG (1994) Beyond hedonism: motives for inhibiting good moods and for maintaining bad moods. In: Wegner DM, Pennebaker JW (eds) Handbook of Mental Control., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp 278–305
Parsons S, Sierra C, Jennings NR (1998) Agents that reason and negotiate by arguing. J Logic Comput 8(3):261–292
Payne JW, Bettman JR, Johnson EJ (1992) Behavioral decision research: a constructive processing perspective. Annu Rev Psychol 43:87–131
Pelachaud C, Poggi I (2001) (eds) Multimodal communication and context in embodied agents. In: Proceedings of the workshop W7 at the 5th international conference on autonomous agents, Montreal, Canada
Poyatos F (2002) Nonverbal communication across disciplines. John Benjamins Publishing Co, Philadelphia, PA
Prakken H (2005) AI & Law, logic and argument schemes. Argumentation 19:303–320 (special issue on The Toulmin model today)
Prakken H, Sartor G (2002) The role of logic in computational models of legal argument. In: Kakas A, Sadri F (eds) Computational logic: logic programming and beyond. Essays in honor of Robert A. Kowalski, Part II.. Springer, Berlin, pp 342–380
Salovey P, Hsee CK, Mayer JD (1994) Emotional intelligence and the self regulation of affect. In: Wegner DM, Pennebaker JW (eds) Handbook of mental control. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp 258–277
Schaller RM, Cialdini RB (1988) The economics of empathetic helping: support for a mood management motive. J Exp Psychol 24:163–181
Scherer KR (1993) Neuroscience projections to current debates in emotion psychology. Cogn Emot 7:1–41
Schwarz N (1990) Feelings as information: information and motivational functions of affective states. In: Higgins ET, Sorrentino RM (eds) Handbook of motivation and cognition: foundations of social behvaior vol 2. Guilford, New York, NY, pp 527–561
Shakun M (2009) Connectedness problem solving and negotiation. Group Decis Negotiation 18(2):89–117
Shakun MF (1988) Evolutionary systems design: policy making under complexity and group decision support systems. Holden-Day, Oakland, CA
Shakun MF (1991) Airline buyout: evolutionary systems design and problem restructuring in group decision and negotiation. Manage Sci 37(10):1291–1303
Shiota MN, Keltner D, Hertenstein MJ (2004) Positive emotion and the regulation of interpersonal relationships. In: Philippot P, Feldman RS (eds) The regulation of emotion. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
Sierra C, Jennings NR, Noriega P, Parsons S (1997) A framework for argumentation-based negotiation. Intell Agents IV:177–192
Stephan WG, Finlay KA (2002) The role of empathy in improving intergroup relations. J Soc Issues 55(4):729–743
Stich S, Nichols S (1992) Folk psychology: simulation or tacit theory? Mind Lang 7:35–71
Taylor SE, Crocker J (1981) Schematic basis of social information processing. In: Higgins ET, Herman CP, Zanna MP (eds) Social cognition: the Ontario symposium, vol 2. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp 89–134
Thagard P (2005) Mind: Introduction to cognitive science. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Traum D (1994) A computational theory of grounding in natural language conversation. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
Traum D, Rickel J, Gratch J, Stacy M (2003) Negotiation over tasks in hybrid human-agent teams for simulation-based training. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international joint conference on autonomous agents and multiagent systems. Melbourne, Australia
Tversky A, Kahneman D (1974) Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science 185:1124–1131
Tversky A, Kahneman D (1981) The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science 211:453–458
van Eemeren FH, Grootendorst R (2004) A systematic theory of argumentation: the pragma-dialected approach. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Vogel M (2008) Coercian to compromize. Oxford University Press, New York, NY
Von Uexkull J, Kriszat G (1934) Streifzuge durch die Umwelten Von Tieren und Menschen. Ein Bilderbuch unsichtbarer Welten. Springer, Berlin
Walton DN (1989) Informal logic: a handbook for critical argumentation. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY
Walton DN (1992) The place of emotion in argument. the Pennsylvania State U.P., University Park, PA
Walton DN (1996) Argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
Wouters C (1989) The sociology of emotions in flight attendants: Hochschild’s managed heart. Theory Cult Soc 6:5–123
Yifeng NC, Tjosvold D, Peinguan W (2008) Effects of warm-heartedness and reward distribution on negotiation. Special Issue on Emotions in Negotiation in Group Decision and Negotiations 17(1):65–77
Acknowledgements
I am grateful to Melvin Shakun for inspiring connectedness and to Douglas Maynard and John Heritage for entrusting me with their useful data. This paper is dedicated to the bright memory of my mother, Ekaterina Terzieva and to Susana.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Martinovski, B. (2010). Emotion in Negotiation. In: Kilgour, D., Eden, C. (eds) Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation. Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9097-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9097-3_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-9096-6
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9097-3
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)