Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Symbolic representation of three-dimensional objects to aid local and global shape analysis for defect prediction of casting design

  • Published:
Applied Intelligence Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Part descriptions of a 3-D computer-aided design model are in a form of basic geometry and topology to which manufacturing process and engineering analysis cannot be directly applied. A formalism for symbolic representation of a three-dimensional pattern model is presented to aid local and global shape analysis of casting design. Local shape analysis is carried out based on symbolic representation and global shape analysis is performed by analyzing the extracted skeleton from a discretized object.

The purpose of local shape analysis is to reason about local shape characteristics so as to alter the design to obey casting requirement. On the other hand, the purpose of global shape analysis is to locate and measure global shape characteristics, thus allowing the system to aid the decision making process in evaluating the global casting soundness. The main aim of developing an expert system for casting design is to provide the casting designer with a tool for on-line manufacturability evaluation of a part design while the functional design is being performed. This paper explains the basic concepts of the three-dimensional pattern model and describes its use for castability evaluation of casting design. An implementation of the algorithms and examples are provided.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. M.R. Henderson, “Feature recognition in geometric modeling,” in CAM-I's 13th Annual Meeting and Technical Conference, 1984, pp. 5.1–5.12

  2. S. Joshi and T.-C. Chang, “Graph-based heuristics for recognition of machined features from a 3-D solid model,” CAD, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 58–66, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  3. L.K. Kyprianou, “Shape classification in computeraided design,” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cambridge, England, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  4. E.C. Libardi, J.R. Dixon, and M.K. Simmon, “Designing with features: Design and analysis of extrusions as an example,” in Proceedings of Mechanical Design Conference, 1986, pp. 1–8.

  5. P.R. Wilson and M.J. Pratt, “A taxonomy of features for solid modeling,” in Geometric Modeling for CAD Applications, edited by M.J. Wozny, H.W. Mclaughlin, and J.L. Encarnacao, North-Holland, pp. 125–136, 1988.

  6. I.C. You, C.N. Chu, and R.L. Kashyap, “Expert system for castability evaluation: Using a fixed-features based design approach,” Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 181–189, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  7. B.K. Choi, M.M. Barash, and D.C. Anderson, “Automatic recognition of machined surfaces from a 3D solid model,” CAD, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 81–86, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  8. S.M. Staley, M.R. Henderson, and D.C. Anderson, “Using syntactic pattern recognition to extract feature information from a solid geometric data base,” Computers in Mechanical Engineering, pp. 61–66, 1983.

  9. T.C. Woo, “Interfacing solid modeling to CAD and CAM: Data structures and algorithms for decomposing a solid,” Computer Integrated Manufacturing, edited by M.R. Martinez and M.C. Leu, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, pp. 39–46, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  10. H. Yoshiura, K. Fujimura, and T.L. Kunii, “Top-down construction of 3-D mechanical object shapes from engineering drawings,” IEEE Computer, pp. 32–39, 1984.

  11. M. Marefat, S.J. Feghhi, and R.L. Kashyap, “Geometric reasoning for recognition of three-dimensional object features,” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-12, no. 10, pp. 949–965, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  12. P.J. Herbert, C.J. Hinde, V.A. Launders, D. Round, and D.M. Temple, “Feature recognition within a truth maintained process planning system,” An International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 121–132, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.C. Lee and K.S. Fu, “Machine understanding of CSG: Extraction and unification of manufacturing features,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, pp. 20–32, 1987.

  14. D.T. Lee, “Medial axis transformation of a planar shape,” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-4, no. 4, pp. 363–369, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  15. U. Montanari, “Continuous skeletons from digitized images,” Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 534–549, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  16. N.M. Patrikalakis and H.N. Gursoy, “Skeoetons in shape feature recognition for automated analysis, in design laboratory memorandum 88-4,” Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988.

  17. L.R. Nackman, “Three-dimensional shape description using the symmetric axis,” Ph.D. Thesis, University of North Carolina, 1982.

  18. J.R. Dixon, “Designing with features: building manufacturing knowledge into more intelligent CAD systems,” in Proceedings of ASME Manufacturing International, 1988, pp. 51–57.

  19. A.A.G. Requicha and J.H. Vandenbrande, “Form features for mechanical design and manufacturing,” in Proceedings of ASME Computers in Engineering Conference, pp. 47–52, 1989.

  20. G.P. Turner, “An object-oriented approach to interactive, feature-based design for quick turnaround manufacturing,” TR-ERC 88-6, Purdue University, 1988.

  21. J.J. Shah and M.T. Rogers, “Expert form feature modelling shell,” CAD, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 515–524, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  22. K.S. Fu, Syntactic Pattern Recognition, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  23. K.R. Vemuri, S.I. Oh, and R.A. Miller, “Topologybased geometry representation to support geometric reasoning.,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 175–187, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Y.F. Tsao and K.S. Fu, “A parallel thinning algorithm for 3-D pictures,” Computer Graphics and Image Processing, vol. 17, pp. 315–331, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  25. X. Gong and G. Bertrand, “A simple parallel 3D thinning algorithm,” in 10th IEEE International Conference of Pattern Recognition, 1990, pp. 188–190.

  26. R. Jakubowski, “Syntactic characterization of machine parts shapes,” An International Journal of Cybernetics and Systems, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–24, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  27. W.C. Lin and K.S. Fu, “A syntactic approach to 3-D object representation,” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-6, no. 3, pp. 351–364, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Y.-C. Yu, “A new solid modeling system for CAD/CAM integration,” Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University, 1987.

  29. L. Mohan and R.L. Kashyap, “Abstractions in objectoriented data models: A formalized representation scheme,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 1989, pp. 79–84.

  30. D.L. Spooner and M. Hardwick, “A conceptual framework for data management in mechanical CAD,” in Geometric Modeling for CAD Applications, edited by M.J. Wozny, H.W. Mclaughlin, and J.L. Encarnacao, North-Holland, pp. 317–329, 1988.

  31. R. Davis, “Applications of meta level knowledge to the construction, maintenance, and use of large knowledge bases,” in Knowledge-Based Systems in Artificial Intelligence, edited by R. Davis and D.B. Lenat, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1982, Stanford AI Memo 283 (July 1976).

    Google Scholar 

  32. R. Davis, “Content reference: Reasoning about rules,” Artificial Intelligence, vol. 15, pp. 223–239, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Natarajan, C.N. Chu, and R.L. Kashyap, “An integrated environment for intelligent design of casting,” in The Metallurgical Society Annual Meeting, 1990, pp. 143–157.

  34. T.L. Lewis, S. Liou, and Y. Shin, “Literature review of solidification simulations in the design of sand casting,” Steel Founders Research Journal, vol. 17, pp. 1–21, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  35. S.J. Neises, J.J. Uicker, and R.W. Heine, “Geometric modeling of directional solidification using section modulus,” Transactions of the American Foundary Men's Society, vol. 95, pp. 25–30, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  36. A.A.G. Requicha, “Representation for rigid solids: Theory, methods, and systems,” The Association for Computing Machinery Computing Surveys, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 437–464, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  37. S. Lobregt, P.W. Veerbeck, and F.C.A. Groen, “Three-dimensional skeletonization: Principle and algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. PAMI-2, no. 1, pp. 75–77, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  38. P. Danielsson, “Euclidean distance mapping,” Computer Graphics and Image Processing, vol. 14, pp. 227–248, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  39. A.A.G. Requicha and H.B. Voelcker, “Solid modeling: Current status and research direction,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, pp. 25–37, 1983.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    I. C. You

  2. Knowledge-Based Systems Lab., School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    I. C. You

  3. Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    C. N. Chu

  4. School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    C. N. Chu

  5. Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    R. L. Kashyap (Director)

  6. Knowledge-Based Systems Lab., School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    R. L. Kashyap (Director)

Authors
  1. I. C. You
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. N. Chu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. L. Kashyap
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

You, I.C., Chu, C.N. & Kashyap, R.L. Symbolic representation of three-dimensional objects to aid local and global shape analysis for defect prediction of casting design. Appl Intell 1, 99–120 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058877

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058877

Key words

Search

Navigation