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Plasma exchange in motor neuron disease

A controlled study

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Summary

In vitro studies seem to indicate that a serum factor may be involved in the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease. If so, plasmaphoresis might influence the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) favorably. In the present study, therefore, ALS patients were subjected to weekly 21 plasma exchanges, using a Haemonetics blood separator. Seven other ALS patients, matched as closely as possible with the treatment group regarding age, sex, duration of symptoms as well as degree of involvement, served as a control group. The progression of the disease was followed by an arbitrary grading system, assessment of muscular power by Zadig's dynamometer, and by tests for motor speed, coordination and for pulmonary function. Duration of treatment was from 6 to 15 months. Monthly evaluations indicated that the rate of deterioration was approximately the same in treatment and control groups. Plasmaphoresis carried out in this way does thus not alter the downhill course of ALS.

Zusammenfassung

Aus in-vitro-Untersuchungen scheint hervorzugehen, daß ein Serumfaktor bei der Pathogenese der myatrophischen Lateralsklerose mit im Spiele ist. Trifft dies zu, dann wäre es denkbar, daß Plasmapherese den Verlauf der ALS günstig beeinflussen könnte. Aus diesem Grunde wurden Patienten mit ALS wöchentlich einem 2-Liter-Plasmaaustausch unterworfen unter Verwendung eines Haemonetics-Blutseparators. Es wurden einerseits 7 Patienten so behandelt, andererseits 7 weitere, so sehr als möglich gleichgelagerte ALS-Patienten, als Kontrollgruppe verwendet. Das Fortschreiten der Krankheit wurde aufgrund einiger Kriterien quantitativ beurteilt: Beurteilung der Muskelkraft mit Hilfe des Zadig-Dynamometers, Teste für die Koordination der Bewegungsabläufe und für die Lungenfunktion. Die Behandlungsdauer betrug 6–15 Monate. Die monatlich durchgeführte Beurteilung des Zustandes ergab, daß der Grad der Verschlechterung bei den behandelten Patienten und der unbehandelten Kontrollgruppe weitgehend gleich war. Die in der oben beschriebenen Weise durchgeführte Plasmapherese hat also keinen Einfluß auf die progrediente Verschlechterung des Zustandes beim ALS-Patienten.

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Monstad, I., Dale, I., Petlund, C.F. et al. Plasma exchange in motor neuron disease. J. Neurol. 221, 59–66 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313170

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313170

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