Abstract
In this paper, we propose an architecture to implement IEEE 802.16e transmitter and receiver physical (PHY) layer on field programmable gate arrays. Several approaches are being proposed based on theoretical and simulation analyses for IEEE 802.16-e PHY layer, but there is a lack of processing each frame on the fly and low latency implementation, that allow for performance assessment under real channel conditions and front-end impairments on cloud radio access networks. In this paper, we explore the flexibility of the Xilinx ZC706 board with Zynq-7000 SoC (xc7z045ffg900), allowing for an easy integration between high-level synthesis and VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL). The IEEE 802.16e Base station hardware has used \(65.48\%\) of LUT resources, \(66.79\%\) of BRAM blocks and \(35\%\) of DSP cores. The practical time-synchronized transmit and receive pairs communication with real modems indicate the effective and real-time implementation of the proposed prototype in this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sundaresan, K., Arslan, M. Y., Singh, S., Rangarajan, S., & Krishnamurthy, S. V. (2016). Fluidnet: A flexible cloud-based radio access network for small cells. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 24, 915–928.
Lyazidi, M. Y., Aitsaadi, N., & Langar, R. (2018). A dynamic resource allocation framework in lte downlink for cloud-radio access network. Computer Networks, 140, 101–111.
Lyazidi, M. Y., Aitsaadi, N., & Langar, R. (May 2016). Dynamic resource allocation for cloud-ran in LTE with real-time BBU/RRH assignment. In 2016 IEEE international conference on communications (ICC) (pp. 1–6).
Lyazidi, M. Y., Aitsaadi, N., & Langar, R. (Dec 2016). Resource allocation and admission control in OFDMA-based cloud-ran. In 2016 IEEE global communications conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1–6).
Morcos, M., Elias, J., Martignon, F., Chahed, T., & Chen, L. (2019). On efficient radio resource calendaring in cloud radio access network. Computer Networks, 162, 106862.
Sridhar, R., & Pardeep, K. (August 2018). System and method for supporting low latency applications in a cloud radio access network.
Carreras, A., Delgado-Luque, I. M., Martín-Vega, F. J. et al. (2019). Impact of front-haul delays in non-ideal cloud radio access networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 106, 2005–2022.
Wang, K., Yang, K., & Magurawalage, C. S. (2018). Joint energy minimization and resource allocation in C-RAN with mobile cloud. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 6, 760–770.
Wang, X., Wang, K., Wu, S., Di, S., Jin, H., Yang, K., et al. (2018). Dynamic resource scheduling in mobile edge cloud with cloud radio access network. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 29(11), 2429–2445.
Zhang, D., Chen, Z., Cai, L. X., Zhou, H., Duan, S., Ren, J., et al. (2018). Resource allocation for green cloud radio access networks with hybrid energy supplies. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67, 1684–1697.
Mao, C., Huang, M., Padhy, S., Wang, S., Chung, W., Chung, Y., & Hsu, C. (Nov 2015). Minimizing latency of real-time container cloud for software radio access networks. In 2015 IEEE 7th international conference on cloud computing technology and science (CloudCom) (pp. 611–616).
Santos, J., Dinis, D., Riscado, D., Anjos, G., Belo, D., Oliveira, A., et al. (2016). A flexible physical layer and fronthaul research testbed for C-RAN. Journal of Microprocessors and Microsystems (MICPRO), 00, 1–11.
Tang, S., Zhang, Z., Wu, J., & Zhu, H. (2018). FPGA-based turbo decoder hardware accelerator in cloud radio access network (C-RAN). ChinaCom: International Conference on Communicatins and Networking in China. September 2018.
Hossain, M. F., Mahin, A. U., Debnath, T., Mosharrof, F. B., & Islam, K. Z. (2019). Recent research in cloud radio access network (C-RAN) for 5G cellular systems: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 139, 31–48.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Joodaki, S., Fardad, M., Alghasi, S. et al. Implementation of IEEE 802.16e Standard on Xilinx ZC706: A C-RAN Prototype. Wireless Pers Commun 116, 2187–2204 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07786-1
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07786-1