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Centrifugal pump impeller and volute shape optimization via combined NUMECA, genetic algorithm, and back propagation neural network

  • Industrial Application
  • Published:
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents a fast, efficient, and convenient shape optimization design method for the centrifugal pump impeller and volute. A meridional curve, stream surface, blade stacking, and two-dimensional blade profile are obtained for impeller parameterized fitting by NUMECA, which substantially decreases the parameters to be optimized. A combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and back propagation neural network (BPNN) is then employed to optimize the impeller design while preventing prematurity or stagnation due to the GA. The head and efficiency of the optimized impeller under the designed flow rate condition increase by 7.69% and 4.74%, respectively, while power decreases by 2.56% post-optimization. Static pressure in the optimized impeller middle span is more uniform post-optimization, and the hydraulic performance of the centrifugal pump with the optimized impeller exceeds that of the original centrifugal pump under low and designed flow rate conditions. Head increases by 2.69 m and efficiency increases by 4.32% under the designed flow rate condition as well. The base circle diameter, volute inlet width, and volute baffle tongue can be modified to optimize the volute shape design. The head of the centrifugal pump with the optimized volute and optimized impeller increases by 4.83 m and 6.35 m and efficiency increases by 9.12% and 18.65% under 1.2 and 1.4 times the designed flow rate compared to the pump with the original volute and optimized impeller. Vortices in the optimized volute are reduced significantly and particularly relative energy losses. Under low flow rate conditions, compared with the original centrifugal pump, the head and efficiency of the experimental centrifugal pump with optimized impeller and optimized volute increase by 1.56 m and 1.12%; under the designed flow rate condition, they increase by 4.34 m and 5.23%; and under the high flow rate condition, they increase by 3.71 m and 8.54%, respectively. Compared to the traditional optimization method, as evidenced by numerous shape optimization design cases, NUMECA-GA-BPNN produces better optimized shapes with stronger hydraulic performance more quickly and efficiently.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support from Kaiquan Motor & Pump Co. Ltd. (Shanghai and Hefei).

Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB239203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51804318 and No. 51474158), and the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2016CFA088).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China

    Xiangdong Han, Yong Kang & Yi Hu

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

    Xiangdong Han

  3. Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterjet Theory and New Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China

    Xiangdong Han, Yong Kang & Yi Hu

  4. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China

    Jianping Sheng & Weiguo Zhao

  5. Hefei Kaiquan Motor & Pump CO. LTD, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China

    Jianping Sheng

  6. College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, Beijing, China

    Yi Hu

Authors
  1. Xiangdong Han
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  2. Yong Kang
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  3. Jianping Sheng
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  4. Yi Hu
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  5. Weiguo Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yi Hu.

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Responsible Editor: Somanath Nagendra

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Highlights

• The impeller described by discrete points is converted into one new parameterized model. The optimization parameters needed decrease obviously. The associated investigations are few.

• The prematurity and stagnation of genetic algorithm could be avoided via the coupling of genetic algorithm and back propagation neural network. The related investigations are few.

• α2 and α3 are new optimization parameters, which were seldom employed to make impeller shape optimization design in the previously published literatures.

• Three different kinds of hexahedral structured grids are employed to discretize the impeller computational domain to guarantee numerical simulation results precision. Few scholars have employed this method to discretize the impeller computational domain in the previously published literatures.

• One new dimensionless number, volute relative energy loss degree ΔRLV, is defined to assess the energy losses in the volute and evaluate the volute shape optimization design effects, which has not been published in the previous literatures.

• One fast, efficient, and convenient centrifugal pump shape optimization design method is provided.

• More cases are studied to prove that NUMECA-GA-BPNN is superior to traditional optimization method. Three indices, total time consumption, head, and efficiency, are compared.

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Han, X., Kang, Y., Sheng, J. et al. Centrifugal pump impeller and volute shape optimization via combined NUMECA, genetic algorithm, and back propagation neural network. Struct Multidisc Optim 61, 381–409 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-019-02367-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-019-02367-8

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