Abstract
In this paper, an efficient and accurate meshless method based on the moving least squares (MLS) shape functions is developed to solve the generalized variable-order (V-O) time fractional nonlinear 2D reaction–diffusion equation. The V-O fractional derivative is considered in the Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo sense with Mittag-Leffler non-singular kernel. The numerical method is based on the following steps: First, the V-O fractional derivative is approximated by finite differences, and the \(\theta \)-weighted method has been used to derive a recursive algorithm. Then, the solution of the problem is expanded by the MLS shape functions. Finally, by a substitution of this series expansion and corresponding its partial derivatives into the main equation, the problem is reduced to a linear system of algebraic equations to be solved at each time step. Several numerical examples are also given to illustrate the applicability, validity and accuracy of the presented method. The achieved numerical results reveal that the proposed method is highly accurate in solving the introduced V-O fractional model.









Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hundsdorfer W, Verwer JG (2003) Numerical solution of time dependent advection–diffusion–reaction equations. Springer, Berlin
Kuramoto Y (2003) Chemical oscillations waves and turbulence. Dover, Mineola
Murray JD (2003) Mathematical biology. II. Interdisciplinary applied mathematics. Springer, New York
Wilhelmsson H, Lazzaro E (2001) Reaction–diffusion problems in the physics of hot plasmas. Institute of Physics Publishing, Philadelphia
Atangana A (2016) On the new fractional derivative and application to nonlinear Fishers reaction–diffusion equation. Appl Math Comput 273:948–956
Liu Q, Burrage K, Simpson MJ, Zhenga M, Liub F (2017) Numerical solution of the time fractional reaction–diffusion equation with a moving boundary. J Comput Phys 338:493–510
Zhang Z, Xie J (2018) The high-order multistep ADI solver for two-dimensional nonlinear delayed reaction–diffusion equations with variable coefficients. Comput Math Appl 75:3558–3570
Volkov VT, Shishlenin MA, Lukyanenko DV, Grigorev VB (2018) Solving of the coefficient inverse problem for a nonlinear singularly perturbed two-dimensional reaction–diffusion equation with the location of moving front data. Comput Math Appl 77:1245–1254
Li D, Cheng X, Duan J (2019) A novel compact ADI scheme for two-dimensional Riesz space fractional nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations. Appl Math Comput 346:452–464
Yuste SB, Lindenberg K (2001) Subdiffusion-limited A + A reactions. Phys Rev Lett 87(11):118301
Metzler R, Barkai E, Klafter J (2000) From continuous time random walks to the fractional Fokker–Planck equation. Phys Rev E 61:132–138
Metzler R, Klafter J (2000) Boundary value problems for fractional diffusion equations. J Phys A 278:107–125
Saichev AI, Zaslavsky GM (1997) Fractional kinetic equations: solutions and applications. Chaos 140:753–764
Acedo L, Yuste SB, Lindenberg K (2004) Reaction front in an \( A + B> C \) reaction subdiffusion process. Phys Rev E 69:136–144
Wheatcraft SW, Benson DA, Meerschaert MM (2000) The fractional-order governing equation of lévy motion. Water Resour Res 36(6):1413–1423
Anh V, Liu F, Turner I (2004) Numerical solution of the space fractional Fokker–Planck equation. J Comput Appl Math 166:209–219
Gorenflo R, Scalas E, Mainardi F (2000) Fractional calculus and continuous-time finance. J Phys A 284:376–384
Eiswirth M, Bar M, Gottschalk N, Ertl G (1994) Spiral waves in a surface reaction: model calculations. J Chem Phys 100:1202–1214
Gupta PK, Das S, Ghosh P (2011) An approximate solution of nonlinear fractional reaction–diffusion equation. Appl Math Model 35:4071–4076
Pindza E, Owolabi KM (2016) Fourier spectral method for higher order space fractional reaction–diffusion equations. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 40:112–128
Mei L, Guo Sh, Li Y (2017) An efficient Galerkin spectral method for two-dimensional fractional nonlinear reaction–diffusion-wave equation. Comput Math Appl 74:2449–2465
Abdelfatah B, Taki-Eddine O (2017) A priori estimates for weak solution for a time-fractional nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations with an integral condition. Chaos Solitons Fractals 103:79–89
Chen X, Li L, Zhou B, Wang Z (2018) Convergence and stability of compact finite difference method for nonlinear time fractional reaction–diffusion equations with delay. Appl Math Comput 337:144–152
Khaliq AQM, Alzahrani SS (2019) High-order time stepping Fourier spectral method for multi-dimensional space-fractional reaction–diffusion equations. Comput Math Appl 77:615–630
Baleanu D, Sun H, Hajipour M, Jajarmi A (2019) On an accurate discretization of a variable-order fractional reaction–diffusion equation. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 69:119–133
Samko SG, Ross B (1993) Integration and differentiation to a variable fractional order. Integral Transforms Special Function 1:277–300
Ramirez LES, Coimbra CFM (2011) On the variable order dynamics of the nonlinear wake caused by a sedimenting particle. Phys D 240:1111–1118
Sun HG, Chen W, Wei H, Chen YQ (2011) A comparative study of constant-order and variable-order fractional models in characterizing memory property of systems. Eur Phys J Special Top 193:185–192
Shyu JJ, Pei SC, Chan CH (2009) An iterative method for the design of variable fractional-order FIR differintegrators. Signal Process 89:320–327
Coimbra C (2003) Mechanics with variable-order differential operators. Ann Phys 12:692–703
Lin R, Liu F, Anh V, Turner I (2009) Stability and convergence of a new explicit finite-difference approximation for the variable-order nonlinear fractional diffusion equation. Appl Math Comput 212:435–445
Atangana A, Gómez-Aguilar JF (2018) Decolonisation of fractional calculus rules: breaking commutativity and associativity to capture more natural phenomena. Eur Phys J Plus 133:166
Atangana A (2018) Non validity of index law in fractional calculus: a fractional differential operator with Markovian and non-Markovian properties. Phys A 505:688–706
Atangana A (2018) Blind in a commutative world: simple illustrations with functions and chaotic attractors. Chaos Solitons Fractals 114:347–363
Atangana A, Gómez-Aguilar JF (2018) Fractional derivatives with no-index law property: application to chaos and statistics. Chaos Solitons Fractals 114:516–535
Bhrawy AH, Zaky MA (2016) Numerical simulation for two-dimensional variable-order fractional nonlinear cable equation. Nonlinear Dyn 80(1):101–116
Zayernouri M, Karniadakis GE (2015) Fractional spectral collocation methods for linear and nonlinear variable order FPDEs. J Comput Phys 80(1):312–338
Li XY, Wu BY (2015) A numerical technique for variable fractional functional boundary value problems. Appl Math Lett 43:108–113
Abdelkawy MA, Zaky MA, Bhrawy AH, Baleanu D (2015) Numerical simulation of time variable fractional order mobile–immobile advection–dispersion model. Rom Rep Phys 67:773–791
Bhrawy AH, Zaky MA (2016) Numerical algorithm for the variable-order Caputo fractional functional differential equation. Nonlinear Dyn 85(3):1815–1823
Hosseininia M, Heydari MH (2019) Meshfree moving least squares method for nonlinear variable-order time fractional 2D telegraph equation involving Mittag–Leffler non-singular kernel. Chaos Solitons Fractals 127:389–399
Hosseininia M, Heydari MH (2019) Legendre wavelets for the numerical solution of nonlinear variable-order time fractional 2D reaction–diffusion equation involving Mittag–Leffler non-singular kernel. Chaos Solitons Fractals 127:400–407
Heydari MH, Hooshmandasl MR, Cattani C, Hariharan G (2017) An optimization wavelet method for multi variable-order fractional differential equations. Fundam Inform 153(3–4):173–198
Heydari MH, Avazzadeh Z, Haromi MF (2019) A wavelet approach for solving multi-term variable-order time fractional diffusion-wave equation. Appl Math Comput 341:215–228
Heydari MH, Avazzadeh Z, Yang Y (2019) A computational method for solving variable-order fractional nonlinear diffusion-wave equation. Appl Math Comput 352:235–248
Heydari MH, Avazzadeh Z (2018) Legendre wavelets optimization method for variable-order fractional Poisson equation. Chaos Solitons Fractals 112:180–190
Heydari MH, Avazzadeh Z (2018) An operational matrix method for solving variable-order fractional biharmonic equation. Comput Appl Math 37(4):4397–4411
Heydari MH, Avazzadeh Z (2018) A new wavelet method for variable-order fractional optimal control problems. Asian J Control 20(5):1–14
Heydari MH (2018) A new direct method based on the Chebyshev cardinal functions for variable-order fractional optimal control problems. J Frankl Inst 355:4970–4995
Hosseininia M, Heydari MH, Ghaini FMM, Avazzadeh Z (2018) Two-dimensional Legendre wavelets for solving variable-order fractional nonlinear advection–diffusion equation with variable coefficients. Int J Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 19(7–8):793–802
Tayebi A, Shekari Y, Heydari MH (2017) A meshless method for solving two-dimensional variable-order time fractional advection–diffusion equation. J Comput Phys 340(1):655–669
Levin D (1998) The approximation power of moving least-squares. Math Comput Am Math Soc 67(224):1517–1531
Cohen-Or D, Fleishman S, Levin D, Alexa M, Behr J, Silva CT (2003) Computing and rendering point set surfaces. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 9(1):3–15
Mirzaei D (2016) A greedy meshless local Petrov–Galerkin method based on radial basis functions. Numer Methods Partial Differ Equ 32(3):847–861
Dehghan M, Abbaszadeh M (2017) Interpolating stabilized moving least squares (MLS) approximation for 2D elliptic interface problems. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 328:775–803
Mardani A, Hooshmandasl MR, Hosseini MM, Heydari MH (2017) Moving least squares (MLS) method for the nonlinear hyperbolic telegraph equation with variable coefficients. Int J Comput Methods 14(3):1750026
Matinfar M, Pourabd M (2018) Modified moving least squares method for two-dimensional linear and nonlinear systems of integral equations. Comput Appl Math 37:5857–5875
Turner I, Zhuang P, Gu YT, Yarlagadda PKDV (2011) Time-dependent fractional advection–diffusion equations by an implicit MLS meshless method. Int J Numer Methods Eng 88:1346–1362
Shekari Y, Tayebi A, Heydari MH (2019) A meshfree approach for solving 2D variable-order fractional nonlinear diffusion-wave equation. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 350:154–168
Pandey RK, Yadav S, Shukla AK (2019) Numerical approximations of Atangana–Baleanu Caputo derivative and its application. Chaos Solitons Fractals 118:58–64
Feng Zh (2007) Traveling waves to a reaction–diffusion equation. Discrete Contin Dyn Syst Suppl 382–390
Hasegawa A (1989) Optical solitons in fibers. Springer, Berlin
Fries TP, Matthies HG (2003) Classification and overview of meshfree methods. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Braunschweig, Brunswick
Monaghan JJ (1994) Simulating free surface flows with SPH. J Comput Phys 110(2):399–406
Wangb W, Li D, Zhang C, Zhang Y (2011) Implicit–explicit predictor–corrector schemes for nonlinear parabolic differential equations. Appl Math Model 35:2711–2722
Maslov VP, Danilov VG, Volosov KA (1995) Mathematical modelling of heat and mass transfer processes. Springer, Netherlands
Li D, Wu F, Cheng X, Duan J (2018) A two-level linearized compact ADI scheme for two-dimensional nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations. Comput Math Appl 75:2835–2850
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hosseininia, M., Heydari, M.H., Rouzegar, J. et al. A meshless method to solve nonlinear variable-order time fractional 2D reaction–diffusion equation involving Mittag-Leffler kernel. Engineering with Computers 37, 731–743 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00852-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00852-8