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Residual deep gated recurrent unit-based attention framework for human activity recognition by exploiting dilated features

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Abstract

Human activity recognition (HAR) in video streams becomes a thriving research area in computer vision and pattern recognition. Activity recognition in actual video is quite demanding due to a lack of data with respect to motion, way or style, and cluttered background. The current HAR approaches primarily apply pre-trained weights of various deep learning (DL) models for the apparent description of frames during the learning phase. It impacts the assessment of feature discrepancies, like the separation between both the temporal and visual cues. To address this issue, a residual deep gated recurrent unit (RD-GRU)-enabled attention framework with a dilated convolutional neural network (DiCNN) is introduced in this article. This approach particularly targets potential information in the input video frame to recognize the distinct activities in the videos. The DiCNN network is used to capture the crucial, unique features. In this network, the skip connection segment is employed with DiCNN to update the information that retains more knowledge than a shallow layer. Moreover, these features are fed into an attention module to capture the added high-level discriminative action associated with patterns and signs. The attention mechanism is followed by an RD-GRU to learn the long video sequences in order to enhance the performance. The performance metrics, namely accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score, are used to evaluate the performance of the introduced model on four diverse benchmark datasets: UCF11, UCF Sports, JHMDB, and THUMOS. On these datasets it achieves an accuracy of 98.54%, 99.31%, 82.47%, and 95.23%, respectively. This illustrates the validity of the proposed work compared with state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods.

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Data availability

The data supporting the funding of this manuscript are available on the links https://www.crcv.ucf.edu/data/UCF_YouTube_Action.php for UCF11, https://www.crcv.ucf.edu/data/UCF_Sports_Action.php for UCF Sports Action, and http://jhmdb.is.tue.mpg.de/dataset for JHMDB dataset.

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  1. Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Ashok Rajpath, Patna, Bihar, 800005, India

    Ajeet Pandey & Piyush Kumar

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  1. Ajeet Pandey
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AP designed the environmental setup platform, concluded the experiments, and performed the statistical analysis, whereas PiK wrote the abstract section and literature survey. AP and PiK wrote the first draft of the manuscript. AP and PiK contributed to the investigation and framing of the results. PiK edited the first draft of this paper. Both authors participated in reviewing and approving the final version of the manuscript. Ajeet Pandey and Piyush Kumar contributed equally to this work.

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Correspondence to Ajeet Pandey.

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Pandey, A., Kumar, P. Residual deep gated recurrent unit-based attention framework for human activity recognition by exploiting dilated features. Vis Comput 40, 8693–8712 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03266-w

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