Abstract
The regenerative potential of muscle tissue relies mostly on satellite cells situated between the muscular basal membrane and the sarcolemma. The regeneration of muscle tissue comprises proliferation, the propagation of satellite cells, and their subsequent differentiation with the expression of multiple muscle-specific proteins. However, in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), regeneration cannot compensate for the loss of muscle tissue. To examine the regenerative potential in DMD, satellite cell nuclei number and markers of differentiation in DMD muscle from various disease states were compared with control muscle. Differentiation of satellite cells is characterized by the helix-loop-helix factor myogenin, which is never co-expressed with Pax7, whereas MyoD1 and Myf5 are co-expressed with Pax7, with Myf5 being present even in muscle of controls. The results indicate that satellite cell number is elevated in DMD in comparison with control muscle, even in advanced stages of dystrophy, suggesting that exhaustion of satellite cells is not the primary cause for failed regeneration. The expression of myogenin is correlated neither with fibrosis nor with age. We suggest variable factors influencing the differentiation of satellite cells in DMD.
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We thank Karin Sutter and Carmen Kopp for excellent technical support.
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This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Muskelkranke, Germany. MK and JK are members of the German muscular dystrophy network MD-NET. The Pax7 antibody developed by Atsushi Kawakami was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank established under the auspices of the NICHD and maintained by The University of Iowa, Department of Biological Sciences, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Kottlors, M., Kirschner, J. Elevated satellite cell number in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Cell Tissue Res 340, 541–548 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-010-0976-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-010-0976-6