Abstract
Underground coal mining often causes subsidence, goaf landslides, fissures, and even hazard chains, seriously damaging the ecological environment. To address the ecological vulnerability of mining areas is key to exploring the development characteristics and failure mechanisms of surface multi-hazards. Taking the Shuiliandong coal mine as an example, the mine deformation area was identified using differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) technology. We found that the spatial evolution of the deformation areas was controlled by the mining sequence. The impacts on the surface deformation and the mining-induced landslide were continuous and long term. Thus, the surface fissures and landslide were characterized using historical images. The fissures were clustered and short, and there was a negative exponential relationship between the length and the cumulative number of fissures. The fissure density decreased with increasing distance from the mine tunnel. In addition, the particle flow numerical simulation analysis method was used to simulate the subsidence-fissure-landslide hazard chain process. Three distinct stages were identified: initial stage, rapid development stage, and creep stage. The displacements at the different monitoring points exhibited a distinct S shape. The cumulative number of fissures developed same as the subsidence and landslide, exhibiting an S shape. The fissures played an important role in the hazard chain, accelerating the subsidence and landslide processes.
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This research was funded by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan for Distinguished Young Scholars in Shaanxi Province of China (Grant No. 2021JC-40) and International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFE0100100).
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Ma, S., Qiu, H., Yang, D. et al. Surface multi-hazard effect of underground coal mining. Landslides 20, 39–52 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-022-01961-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-022-01961-0