Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Prevalence of the Helicobacter pylori babA2 gene and correlation with the degree of gastritis in infected Slovenian children

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of the babA2 gene within Helicobacter pylori strains circulating in the Slovenian pediatric population, to further clarify its significance in causing inflammation of gastric mucosa in children and to verify whether cagA, vacA, iceA and babA genes work independently or synergistically in causing gastritis. A total of 163 H. pylori isolates obtained from the same number of children were tested for the presence of cagA, vacA and iceA genes using previously established methods, while the babA2 gene was determined using novel polymerase chain reaction assay targeting a 139-bp fragment of the central region of babA2. The babA2 gene was detected in 47.9 % of H. pylori samples. The presence of the babA2 gene was strongly associated with cagA, vacA s1 and vacA m1 genotype. The babA2 status correlated positively with bacterial density score, activity of inflammation and chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa. No significant correlation was found between the babA2 status and the presence of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. In addition, the activity of gastric inflammation and density score were significantly associated with the coexpression of the cagA, vacA s1, vacA m1 and babA2 genes. The study, which included the largest number of pediatric H. pylori samples to date, confirmed that babA2 gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori gastritis in children. Furthermore, our results suggest that babA2, cagA and vacA s1 and m1 gene products may work synergistically in worsening the inflammation of gastric mucosa.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Backert S, Clyne M, Tegtmeyer N (2011) Molecular mechanisms of gastric epithelial cell adhesion and injection of CagA by Helicobacter pylori. Cell Commun Signal 9:28

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boyanova L, Yordanov D, Gergova G, Markovska R, Mitov I (2010) Association of iceA and babA genotypes in Helicobacter pylori strains with patient and strain characteristics. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 98:343–350

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Colbeck JC, Hansen LM, Fong JM, Solnick JV (2006) Genotypic profile of the outer membrane proteins BabA and BabB in clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori. Infect Immun 74:4375–4378

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Delahay RM, Rugge M (2012) Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 17(Suppl 1):9–15

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dimitrov G, Gottrand F (2006) Does gastric atrophy exist in children? World J Gastroenterol 12:6274–6279

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P (1996) Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International workshop on the histopathology of gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol 20:1161–1181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ertem D (2013) Clinical practice: Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood. Eur J Pediatr 172:1427–1434

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujimoto S, Olaniyi Ojo O, Arnqvist A, Wu JY, Odenbreit S, Haas R, Graham DY, Yamaoka Y (2007) Helicobacter pylori BabA expression, gastric mucosal injury, and clinical outcome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:49–58

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia GT, Aranda KR, Goncalves ME, Cardoso SR, Iriya K, Silva NP, Scaletsky IC (2010) High prevalence of clarithromycin resistance and cagA, vacA, iceA2, and babA2 genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Brazilian children. J Clin Microbiol 48:4266–4268

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gerhard M, Lehn N, Neumayer N, Borén T, Rad R, Schepp W, Miehlke S, Classen M, Prinz C (1999) Clinical relevance of the Helicobacter pylori gene for blood-group antigen-binding adhesin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:12778–12783

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guarner J, Herrera-Goepfert R, Mohar A, Sanchez L, Halperin D, Ley C, Parsonnet J (2001) Gastric atrophy and extent of intestinal metaplasia in a cohort of Helicobacter pylori- infected patients. Hum Pathol 32:31–35

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gwack J, Shin A, Kim CS, Ko KP, Kim Y, Jun JK, Bae J, Park SK, Hong YC, Kang D, Chang SH, Shin HR, Yoo KY (2006) CagA-producing Helicobacter pylori and increased risk of gastric cancer: a nested case–control study in Korea. Br J Cancer 95:639–641

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Homan M, Luzar B, Kocjan BJ, Orel R, Mocilnik T, Shrestha M, Kveder M, Poljak M (2009) Prevalence and clinical relevance of cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from Slovenian children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 49:289–296

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ilver D, Arnqvist A, Ogren J, Frick IM, Kersulyte D, Incecik ET, Berg DE, Covacci A, Engstrand L, Borén T (1998) Helicobacter pylori adhesin binding fucosylated histo-blood group antigens revealed by retagging. Science 279:373–377

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jang S, Jones KR, Olsen CH, Joo YM, Yoo YJ, Chung IS, Cha JH, Merrell DS (2010) Epidemiological link between gastric disease and polymorphisms in VacA and CagA. J Clin Microbiol 48:559–567

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klindermann A, Lopes AI (2009) Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatrics. Helicobacter 14(Suppl 1):52–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koletzko S, Richy F, Bontems P, Crone J, Kalach N, Monteiro ML, Gottrand F, Celinska-Cedro D, Roma-Giannikou E, Orderda G, Kolacek S, Urruzuno P, Martínez-Gómez MJ, Casswall T, Ashorn M, Bodanszky H, Mégraud F (2006) Prospective multicentre study on antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains obtained from children living in Europe. Gut 55:1711–1716

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matteo MJ, Armitano RI, Romeo M, Wonaga A, Olmos M, Catalano M (2011) Helicobacter pylori bab genes during chronic colonization. Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet 2:286–291

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oleastro M, Gerhard M, Lopes AI, Ramalho P, Cabral J, Sousa Guerreiro A, Monteiro L (2003) Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes in Portuguese children and adults with gastroduodenal pathology. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 22:85–91

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oleastro M, Santos A, Cordeiro R, Nunes B, Megraud F, Menard A (2010) Clinical relevance and diversity of two homologous genes encoding glycosyltransferases in Helicobacter pylori. J Clin Microbiol 48:2885–2891

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olfat FO, Zheng Q, Oleastro M, Voland P, Borén T, Karttunen R, Engstrand L, Rad R, Prinz C, Gerhard M (2005) Correlation of the Helicobacter pylori adherence factor BabA with duodenal ulcer disease in four European countries. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 44:151–156

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ozbey G, Dogan Y, Demiroren K (2013) Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes among children in Eastern Turkey. World J Gastroenterol 19:6585–6589

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pellicano R, Franceschi F, Saracco G, Fagoonee S, Roccarina D, Gasbarrini A (2009) Helicobacters and extragastric diseases. Helicobacter 14(Suppl 1):58–68

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Platt AR, Woodhall RW, George AL Jr (2007) Improved DNA sequencing quality and efficiency using an optimized fast cycle sequencing protocol. Biotechniques 43:58, 60, 62

  • Podzorski RP, Podzorski DS, Wuerth A, Tolia V (2003) Analysis of the vacA, cagA, cagE, iceA, and babA2 genes in Helicobacter pylori from sixty-one pediatric patients from the Midwestern United States. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 46:83–88

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pride DT, Meinersmann RJ, Blaser MJ (2001) Allelic variation within Helicobacter pylori babA and babB. Infect Immun 69:1160–1171

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salama N, Guillemin K, McDaniel TK, Sherlock G, Tompkins L, Falkow S (2000) A whole- genome microarray reveals genetic diversity among Helicobacter pylori strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:14668–14673

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sgouros SN, Bergele C (2006) Clinical outcome of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: the bug, the host, or the environment? Postgrad Med J 82:338–342

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheu BS, Sheu SM, Yang HB, Huang AH, Wu JJ (2003) Host gastric Lewis expression determines the bacterial density of Helicobacter pylori in babA2 genopositive infection. Gut 52:927–932

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki R, Shiota S, Yamaoka Y (2012) Molecular epidemiology, population genetics, and pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori. Infect Genet Evol 12:203–213

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talarico S, Gold BD, Fero J, Thompson DT, Guarner J, Czinn S, Salama NR (2009) Pediatric Helicobacter pylori isolates display distinct gene coding capacities and virulence gene marker profiles. J Clin Microbiol 47:1680–1688

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torres LE, Melián K, Moreno A, Alonso J, Sabatier CA, Hernández M, Bermúdez L, Rodríguez BL (2009) Prevalence of vacA, cagA and babA2 genes in Cuban Helicobacter pylori isolates. World J Gastroenterol 15:204–210

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaoka Y (2008) Roles of Helicobacter pylori BabA in gastroduodenal pathogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 14:4265–4272

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaoka Y (2010) Mechanisms of disease: Helicobacter pylori virulence factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 7:629–641

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaoka Y (2012) Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-related gastroduodenal diseases from molecular epidemiological studies. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2012:371503

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Matjaž Homan & Rok Orel

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Anja Šterbenc, Boštjan J. Kocjan & Mario Poljak

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Boštjan Luzar & Nina Zidar

Authors
  1. Matjaž Homan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anja Šterbenc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Boštjan J. Kocjan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Boštjan Luzar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Nina Zidar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Rok Orel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Mario Poljak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matjaž Homan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Homan, M., Šterbenc, A., Kocjan, B.J. et al. Prevalence of the Helicobacter pylori babA2 gene and correlation with the degree of gastritis in infected Slovenian children. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 106, 637–645 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0234-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0234-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation